Biology of selective caries removal: a systematic scoping review protocol by Helge Knüttel, Matthias Widbiller, Rita Weiler, Kerstin M Galler, Wolfgang Buchalla, Konstantin J Scholz

“…During the entire procedure, two reviewers independently screened the articles, and controversies were mediated by vote of a third reviewer. …”
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Sexual dimorphism and ancestral variation in the pectoral and pelvic girdles of modern humans by Daphne R. Hudson, John H. Langdon

“…Discussions of the evolution of sexual dimorphism in torso shape and the pectoral region assume that this dimorphism exists independently of body size. We test this assumption in two human populations and further examine what is needed to understand sexual dimorphism in the pectoral region. …”
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Clinical care ratios for, and tasks undertaken by, allied health professionals: A scoping review of the literature. by Arabella Brown, Elias El-Achkar, Francesca Fragnito, Sandra Gosnell, Jocelyn Kelly, Daniel Kucharski, Alice Priestly, Saravana Kumar

“…The search was conducted using Ovid (MEDLINE, Embase, Emcare, PsycINFO), CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, PEDro, OTseeker and grey literature. Two reviewers independently screened records, following which data extraction was completed for the included studies. …”
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Development of Vegetative Propagation Strategies for Balanites aegyptiaca in the Sahel, Niger by Moussa Massaoudou, Rabiou Habou, Zounon Christian Serge Félix, Abasse Tougiani, Patrick Van Damme

“…With a success rate of 11.1%, distal suckers react better than proximal suckers (5.5%) because they quickly acquire relative independence from the mother plant. As for air-layering, stems with large diameters react better (53.3%) than those with small diameters (46.6%) because they have thicker bark and store a large amount of elaborate sap responsible for rhizogenesis. …”
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THE CONCEPT OF SELF-DETERMINATION IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE ENLIGHTENMENT by V. V. Khmil, O. M. Korkh

“…The historical and philosophical analysis has shoяк.wn how the philosophy of the Enlightenment age created moral principles of European culture advancement, especially through rationalization and the idea of political, economic and moral independence of a personality, recognition of rights for own initiative and sovereignty, individual identity as a public good. …”
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Hybrid Random Regret Minimization and Random Utility Maximization in the Context of Schedule-Based Urban Rail Transit Assignment by Dewei Li, Yufang Gao, Ruoyi Li, Weiteng Zhou

“…Then, it adapts the utility maximization (RUM) and the regret minimization theory (RRM) to analyze and model the passenger route choice behavior independently. The utility values and the regret values are calculated with the utility and the regret functions. …”
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INTEGRATION OF SPENT GRAIN INTO FOOD PRODUCTS by ERŞOVA, Svetlana, SAITAN, Olesea, TARNA, Ruslan, RUMEUS, Iurie, CODINĂ, Georgiana Gabriela, GHENDOV-MOSANU, Aliona

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Ukrainian civil society institutions and organisations activities under special legal regimes by V. V. Pylyp

“…The main measures taken to ensure national security in 2022-2023 under the legal regime of martial law and aimed at regulating the activities of civil society institutions and organisations include: regulating the grounds and procedure for terminating the activities of public associations, religious organisations, trade unions, and their associations; enshrining at the legislative level the areas of volunteer activity, simplifying the procedure for registering volunteers for the anti-terrorist operation and/or measures to ensure national security and defence, repulse and deter the armed aggression of the russian federation; the procedure for the activities of these institutions; adopting the Law of Ukraine "On media" to stimulate a competitive environment, equality and independence of the media and to protect the national interests of Ukraine and the rights of users of media services, etc. …”
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Reproducibility in Subsurface Geoscience by Michael J. Steventon, Christopher A-L. Jackson, Matt Hall, Mark T. Ireland, Marcus Munafo, Kathryn J. Roberts

“…This concern is well-founded—our ability to independently reproduce results build trust within the scientific community, between scientists and policy makers, and the general public. …”
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Basal ganglia components have distinct computational roles in decision-making dynamics under conflict and uncertainty. by Nadja R Ging-Jehli, James F Cavanagh, Minkyu Ahn, David J Segar, Wael F Asaad, Michael J Frank

“…We collected intracranial recordings from patients diagnosed with either Parkinson's disease (PD) (n = 14) or dystonia (n = 3) in the subthalamic nucleus (STN), globus pallidus internus (GPi), and globus pallidus externus (GPe) during their performance of a novel perceptual discrimination task in which we independently manipulated uncertainty and conflict. To formally characterize whether these task and neural components influenced decision dynamics, we leveraged modified diffusion decision models (DDMs). …”
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Effects of IGF-1 on IK and IK1 Channels via PI3K/Akt Signaling in Neonatal Cardiac Myocytes by Richard M. Millis, Zikiar V. Alvin, Aiqiu Zhao, Georges E. Haddad

“…Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that IGF-1 and PI3K/Akt signaling, independently, decrease sarcolemmal potassium currents in cardiac myocytes of neonatal rats. …”
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Diagnostic Imaging for Distal Extremity Injuries in Direct Access Physical Therapy: An Observational Study by Michael S Crowell, John S Mason, Jamie B Morris, Max K Dummar, Paul A Kuwik

“…The Armed Forces Health Longitudinal Technology Application (AHLTA) electronic medical record was independently reviewed by the principal and co-investigator physical therapists. …”
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Impact of Off-Time on Quality of Life in Parkinson’s Patients and Their Caregivers: Insights from Social Media by Philippe Damier, Emily J. Henderson, Jesús Romero-Imbroda, Laura Galimam, Nick Kronfeld, Tobias Warnecke

“…The emotional impact of motor symptoms on PwPD is significant, particularly when symptoms increase and PwPD lose their independence, which may exacerbate existing anxiety and depression. …”
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A scoping review of strategies for the prevention of hip fracture in elderly nursing home residents. by Anna M Sawka, Nofisat Ismaila, Ann Cranney, Lehana Thabane, Monika Kastner, Amiram Gafni, Linda J Woodhouse, Richard Crilly, Angela M Cheung, Jonathan D Adachi, Robert G Josse, Alexandra Papaioannou

“…<h4>Methods</h4>We searched for citations in 6 respective electronic searches, supplemented by hand searches. Two reviewers independently reviewed all citations and full-text papers; consensus was achieved on final inclusion. …”
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Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Diagnosis of Cardiac Sarcoidosis: A Meta-Analysis by Jianxiong Zhang, Yunxiao Li, Qiufen Xu, Bo Xu, Haoyan Wang

“…We searched on PubMed from January 1, 1980, to March 28, 2018, on Embase from January 1, 1980, to March 29, 2018, and on the Cochrane Library from January 1, 1980, to April 1, 2018, using a strategy based on the search terms (sarcoidosis and magnetic resonance imaging) independently. We analyzed the data obtained with Revman 5.3 and Stata 14.0 software. …”
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Implementing essential diagnostics-learning from essential medicines: A scoping review. by Moriasi Nyanchoka, Mercy Mulaku, Bruce Nyagol, Eddy Johnson Owino, Simon Kariuki, Eleanor Ochodo

“…We searched eight electronic databases for studies reporting on implementing the WHO EDL and EML in Africa. Two authors independently conducted study selection and data extraction, with disagreements resolved through discussion. …”
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Effects of Special Therapeutic Footwear on the Prevention of Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials by Bo Luo, Yuying Cai, Dawei Chen, Chun Wang, Hui Huang, Lihong Chen, Yun Gao, Xingwu Ran

“…The database search, quality assessment, and data extraction were independently performed by two reviewers. Efficacy (i.e., incidence of DFU) was explored using the R’meta’ package (version 4.15-1). …”
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Impact of geriatric nutritional risk index and diabetes mellitus on prognosis in ischaemic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction by Zhiyong Shi, Mingkai Yun, Haiyan Liu, Sijin Li, Xiaoli Zhang

“…In the total population and DM subgroup, GNRI was independently associated with an increased risk of all-cause and cardiac death after adjustment (all P < 0.05). …”
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Loss of BRCA1 Spontaneously Induces the Tumorigenesis in Lacrimal Gland by Sun Eui Kim, Hye Jung Baek, Eun Jung Park, Sung Chul Lim, Sang Soo Kim

“…None of seven mice exhibited any abnormality in the mammary gland including neoplasia, suggesting lacrimal gland tumor is spontaneously and independently formed. These tumors, which were detected in seven mutant mice that displayed exophthalmoses, were malignant, originated from epithelial cells, and were identified as acinic cell carcinoma by pathological analysis. …”
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Health-related Quality of Life in Patients with Achondroplasia after Global Limb-lengthening Surgery: A Case Series by Ignacio Ginebreda, Maximiliano Ibáñez, Nicole Canu, Carolina Echavarria, Joana Lebre, Miriam Pérez

“…Surgical lengthening of the upper and lower limbs has been reported to increase independence and improve QoL, but further evidence is needed to allow well-informed treatment decisions. …”
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