Mediating Mendelian randomization in the proteome identified potential drug targets for obesity-related allergic asthma by Jiannan Lin, Shuwen Lu, Xiaoyu Zhao

“…GO and KEGG analyses show that the genes corresponding to these mediator proteins are primarily enriched in pathways related to responses to stimuli, carbohydrate synthesis and metabolism, regulation of certain protein activities, and synaptic connections. The drug-targeted MR analysis suggests that SIGLEC12, BOLA1, HOMER2, and TPST1 all have the potential to be drug target genes. …”
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Effects of Neural Stem Cells combine with Nerve Growth Factor Nanoparticles Transplantation in Alzheimer's Disease Transgenic Mice by Qing ZHU, Shuai SHAO, Nan HU, Yan CHEN

“…Thioflavine-T staining was used to detect the numbers of Aβ plaques in the hippocampus and cortex.Results:①After transplantation for four weeks, EGFP-positive NSC survived in the brain, migrated extensively to corpus callosum, cortex and deep hippocampus, and differentiated into neurons and glial cells, NSC in the combined group survived more than those in the NSC transplant group and showed more complex synaptic morphology.②The number of ChAT neurons in the basal forebrain of the NSC transplant group and the combined group increased significantly(<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05), compared with the NSC transplant group, the gene expression of ChAT and Lhx8 in the combined group were increased significantly(<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05).③The number of Aβ plaques in hippocampus and cortex of the NSC transplant group and the combined group didn't decreased significantly(<italic>P</italic>&gt;0.05).Conclusion:NSC combined with NGF nanoparticles transplantation could indirectly protect cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain and the survival and maturation of transplanted NSC, and promote the gene expression of ChAT and Lhx8 in the basal forebrain, but could not reduce the number of Aβ plaques in the hippocampus and cortex.…”
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Effects of Quetiapine on Novelty‐Related Object Recognition Memory and Hippocampal BDNF Level in Sleep‐Deprived Rats by Öznur Özge Özcan, Burcu Çevreli, Emel Serdaroğlu Kaşıkçı, Mesut Karahan, Muhsin Konuk

“…However, long‐term QET treatment in the absence of a disease model may have the potential to negatively impact recognition memory and BDNF levels, which support synaptic plasticity and cognitive function.…”
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The ameliorative effects of melatonin against BDE-47-induced hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis and cognitive dysfunction through Nrf2-Chaperone-mediated autophagy of ACSL4 degradati... by Quan Yuan, Mingwei Wang, Zhaoxiang Zhang, Ruofei Wang, Dechao Wang, Zichun Sang, Pu Zhao, Xiaoli Liu, Xiaoying Zhu, Gaofeng Liang, Hua Fan, Dongmei Wang

“…Importantly, melatonin, CMA activator CA77.1, and ACSL4 inhibitor rosiglitazone (RSG) administration substantially attenuated neuronal/synaptic injury and cognitive deficits following BDE-47 exposure. …”
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Acute administration of NLX-101, a Serotonin 1A receptor agonist, improves auditory temporal processing during development in a mouse model of Fragile X Syndrome by Xin Tao, Katilynne Croom, Adrian Newman-Tancredi, Mark Varney, Khaleel A. Razak

“…Conclusions These results suggest that NLX-101 could constitute a promising treatment option for targeting post-synaptic 5-HT1A receptors to improve auditory temporal processing, which in turn may improve speech and language function in FXS.…”
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Advancing the Indian cattle pangenome: characterizing non-reference sequences in Bos indicus by Sarwar Azam, Abhisek Sahu, Naveen Kumar Pandey, Mahesh Neupane, Curtis P Van Tassell, Benjamin D Rosen, Ravi Kumar Gandham, Subha Narayan Rath, Subeer S Majumdar

“…These protein-coding genes were enriched for functions such as chemical synaptic transmission, cell junction organization, cell-cell adhesion, and cell morphogenesis. …”
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Genome-wide association study identifies four pan-ancestry loci for suicidal ideation in the Million Veteran Program. by Allison E Ashley-Koch, Nathan A Kimbrel, Xue J Qin, Jennifer H Lindquist, Melanie E Garrett, Michelle F Dennis, Lauren P Hair, Jennifer E Huffman, Daniel A Jacobson, Ravi K Madduri, Hilary Coon, Anna R Docherty, Jooeun Kang, Niamh Mullins, Douglas M Ruderfer, VA Million Veteran Program (MVP), MVP Suicide Exemplar Workgroup, International Suicide Genetics Consortium, Philip D Harvey, Benjamin H McMahon, David W Oslin, Elizabeth R Hauser, Michael A Hauser, Jean C Beckham

“…Gene-set analysis implicated synaptic and startle response pathways (q's<0.05). …”
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CircRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in high-altitude hypobaric hypoxia-induced hearing impairment and hearing acclimatization by Danzeng Awang, Kanzi Danzeng, Tianheng Wang, Quzong Deji, Mengting Huang, Hailong Ren, Xinzhu Liu, Binghan Zhao, Lanzi Gongga

“…Hearing impairment and hearing acclimatization ceRNA networks were also constructed after integrating the predicted miRNA regulation analyses. Anterograde trans-synaptic signaling (GO:0098916) and negative regulation of cellular response to growth factor stimulus (GO:0090288) were regulated by hearing impairment ceRNA networks, and embryonic organ development (GO:0048568) was regulated by hearing acclimatization ceRNA networks. …”
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Untangling the complex mechanisms associated with Alzheimer's disease in elderly patients using high-throughput RNA sequencing data and next-generation knowledge discovery methods:... by Hind A. Alkhatabi, Peter Natesan Pushparaj

“…Results: Our study revealed significant downregulation of pathways related to neuroactive receptor-ligand interaction, synaptic vesicle cycle, and neuronal system in elderly individuals with AD. …”
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Effects of exercise training on the nigrostriatal glutamatergic pathway and receptor interactions in Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review by Shahid Ishaq, Iqbal Ali Shah, Shin-Da Lee, Shin-Da Lee, Bor-Tsang Wu

“…In addition, the exercise training downregulated the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, Arc, Cav1.3, CaMKII, and p-CaMKII in the nigrostriatal pathway in PD animal models.ConclusionExercise training exerted a neuroprotective effect on the glutamatergic pathway in Parkinson’s disease (PD) animal models by limiting excess glutamate in the synaptic cleft. Exercise training modulated the ionotropic receptors and limited the glutamatergic excitatory imbalance within the nigrostriatal pathway in PD animal models. …”
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Estrogen-related receptor gamma is a regulator of mitochondrial, autophagy, and immediate-early gene programs in spiny projection neurons: Relevance for transcriptional changes in... by Stephanie N. Fox, Cody H. Savage, Narcy R. Amireddy, Laura J. McMeekin, David K. Crossman, Peter J. Detloff, Michelle Gray, Rita M. Cowell

“…Recent evidence indicates that the transcription factor estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRγ/Esrrg) is required for normal expression of mitochondrial, synaptic, and autophagy genes in neurons. Further, overexpression of Esrrg in dopaminergic neurons reduces synuclein load in the pre-formed fibril model of synucleinopathy. …”
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APOE Christchurch enhances a disease-associated microglial response to plaque but suppresses response to tau pathology by Kristine M. Tran, Nellie E. Kwang, Claire A. Butler, Angela Gomez-Arboledas, Shimako Kawauchi, Cassandra Mar, Donna Chao, Rocio A. Barahona, Celia Da Cunha, Kate I. Tsourmas, Zechuan Shi, Shuling Wang, Sherilyn Collins, Amber Walker, Kai-Xuan Shi, Joshua A. Alcantara, Jonathan Neumann, Duc M. Duong, Nicholas T. Seyfried, Andrea J. Tenner, Frank M. LaFerla, Lindsay A. Hohsfield, Vivek Swarup, Grant R. MacGregor, Kim N. Green

“…By contrast, in PS19 mice, ApoeCh suppresses the microglial and astrocytic responses to tau-laden neurons and does not reduce tau accumulation or phosphorylation, but partially rescues tau-induced synaptic and myelin loss. We compared how microglia responses differ between the two mouse models to elucidate the distinct DAM signatures induced by ApoeCh. …”
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Biological sex, microglial signaling pathways, and radiation exposure shape cortical proteomic profiles and behavior in mice by Alexandra O. Strohm, Sadie Oldfield, Eric Hernady, Carl J. Johnston, Brian Marples, M. Kerry O'Banion, Ania K. Majewska

“…Surprisingly, radiation exposure caused relatively smaller proteomic changes in glial and synaptic proteins, including Rgs10, Crybb1, C1qa, and Hexb. …”
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The role of the KIBRA and APOE genes in developing spatial abilities in humans by A. V. Kazantseva, R. F. Enikeeva, Yu. D. Davydova, R. N. Mustafin, Z. R. Takhirova, S. B. Malykh, M. M. Lobaskova, T. N. Tikhomirova, E. K. Khusnutdinova

“…According to neurobiological hypotheses, individual differences in cognitive abilities may be attributed to the functioning of genes involved in the regulation of neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. In addition, genome-wide association studies identified rs17070145 located in the KIBRA gene, which was associated with individual differences in episodic memory. …”
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Repeated social defeat in male mice induced unique RNA profiles in projection neurons from the amygdala to the hippocampus by Rebecca G. Biltz, Wenyuan Yin, Ethan J. Goodman, Lynde M. Wangler, Amara C. Davis, Braedan T. Oliver, Jonathan P. Godbout, John F. Sheridan

“…These DEGs were associated with an increase in oxidative stress, synaptic long-term potentiation, and neuroinflammatory signaling. …”
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Effects of Dual-Site Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Attention, Decision-Making, and Working Memory during Sports Fatigue in Elite Soccer Athletes by Fengxue Qi, Na Zhang, Michael A. Nitsche, Longyan Yi, Yingqiu Zhang, Tian Yue

“…Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can alter cortical excitability, augment synaptic plasticity, and enhance cognitive function. …”
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Basolateral amygdala volume in affective disorders using 7T MRI in vivo by Benedikt Kürzinger, Stephanie Schindler, Martin Meffert, Anja Rosenhahn, Robert Trampel, Robert Turner, Peter Schoenknecht, Peter Schoenknecht, Peter Schoenknecht

“…This hypothesized trajectory unfolds with an initial phase of volumetric expansion, driven by enhanced dendritic arborization and synaptic plasticity. The increase in volume is followed by a reduction phase, as glucocorticoid exposure cumulatively results in excitotoxic damage, reflecting allostatic load.Methods7T magnetic resonance brain imaging was conducted on a total of 84 participants (mean age 38 ± 12 years), comprising 20 unmedicated and 20 medicated individuals with MDD, 21 individuals suffering from bipolar disorder and 23 healthy controls. …”
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Functional differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells into neuron-like cells exhibiting electrophysiological activity by B. Pardo-Rodríguez, A. M. Baraibar, I. Manero-Roig, J. Luzuriaga, J. Salvador-Moya, Y. Polo, R. Basanta-Torres, F. Unda, S. Mato, Gaskon Ibarretxe, Jose Ramon Pineda

“…However, a better understanding of their real capacity to give rise to functional neurons and integrate into synaptic networks is still needed. For that, ex vivo differentiation protocols must be refined, especially to avoid the use of fetal animal serum. …”
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Cell-specific transcriptional signatures of vascular cells in Alzheimer’s disease: perspectives, pathways, and therapeutic directions by Soumilee Chaudhuri, Minyoung Cho, Julia C. Stumpff, Paula J. Bice, Özkan İş, Nilüfer Ertekin-Taner, Andrew J. Saykin, Kwangsik Nho

“…Additionally, pathways involving neuroinflammation and amyloid clearance are prominent in endothelial cell types, while mural cells exhibit pathways related to growth factors, cytoskeletal remodeling and synaptic function. In addition, crosstalk within the NVU and gliovascular unit (GVU) is altered in AD, with altered cell-cell communication evident, with increased interactions between endothelial cells, pericytes, neurons, and microglia, and decreased interactions between endothelial cells, fibroblasts, astrocytes, and neurons. …”
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Age-related differences in long-term potentiation-like plasticity and short-latency afferent inhibition and their association with cognitive function by Tong Wang, Ying Shen, Tianjiao Zhang, Chuan He, Qian Lu, Jie Song, Manyu Dong, Yilun Qian, Sisi Huang, Jing Teng

“…Furthermore, after employing the Bonferroni correction, the correlation analysis revealed that only the positive correlation between LTP-like plasticity and language function (r=0.61, p&lt;0.001) in the younger group remained statistically significant.Conclusions During the normal ageing process, a decline in synaptic plasticity may precede cholinergic system dysfunction. …”
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