Timing of Acupuncture during LTP-Like Plasticity Induced by Paired-Associative Stimulation by Xiao-kuo He, Qian-qian Sun, Hui-hua Liu, Xin-yi Guo, Cheng Chen, Li-dian Chen

“…Our results indicated that acupuncture modulated the excitability of M1, and the synaptic plasticity was time-dependent. We concluded that acupuncture should be combined with rehabilitation techniques to improve the motor function in stroke patients. …”
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Direct Spinal Ventral Root Repair following Avulsion: Effectiveness of a New Heterologous Fibrin Sealant on Motoneuron Survival and Regeneration by Mateus Vidigal de Castro, Roberta Barbizan, Rui Seabra Ferreira, Benedito Barraviera, Alexandre Leite Rodrigues de Oliveira

“…The spinal cords were processed to evaluate neuronal survival, synaptic stability, and glial reactivity, 4 and 12 weeks after lesion. …”
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Reduced Expression of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Beta 2 Restores Neuronal Injury and Improves Cognitive Dysfunction Induced by Aβ1-42 by Shan Li, Guo-Ji Yan, Ya-Xin Tan, Lu-Lu Xue, Ting-Hua Wang, Hao-Ran Zhao, Min-Nan Lu, Hui-Xiang Zhang, Rong Mei, Xiao-Han Dong, Li-Na Liu, Dan Wang, Yan-Bin Xiyang

“…This may be achieved through regulating NEP transcription and APP metabolism, accelerating Aβ degradation, alleviating neuronal impairment, and regulating BDNF-related signal pathways to repair neuronal synaptic efficiency. This study provides novel evidence indicating that Navβ2 plays crucial roles in the repair of neuronal injury induced by Aβ1-42 both in vivo and in vitro.…”
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Effects of Chronic Dopamine D2R Agonist Treatment and Polysialic Acid Depletion on Dendritic Spine Density and Excitatory Neurotransmission in the mPFC of Adult Rats by Esther Castillo-Gómez, Emilio Varea, José Miguel Blasco-Ibáñez, Carlos Crespo, Juan Nacher

“…Chronic treatment with D2R agonists modifies the expression of molecules implicated in neuronal structural plasticity, synaptic function, and inhibitory neurotransmission, which are also altered in schizophrenia. …”
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Mechanisms Underlying Adaptation of Respiratory Network Activity to Modulatory Stimuli in the Mouse Embryo by Marc Chevalier, Rafaël De Sa, Laura Cardoit, Muriel Thoby-Brisson

“…Rhythmogenesis emerges from this network through the interplay between the activation of intrinsic cellular properties (pacemaker properties) and intercellular synaptic connections. Respiratory activity continuously changes under the impact of numerous modulatory substances depending on organismal needs and environmental conditions. …”
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Lactic acid contributes to the emergence of depression-like behaviors triggered by blue light exposure during sleep by Yinhan Li, Xinhui Zou, Ying Ma, Jiaqi Cheng, Xiangmin Yu, Wenya Shao, Fuli Zheng, Zhenkun Guo, Guangxia Yu, Siying Wu, Huangyuan Li, Hong Hu

“…The administration of a lactate inhibitor (Oxamate) alleviated these behaviors, along with changes in neuronal excitability, synaptic function, and morphology in the LHb. Overall, our study suggests that excessive exposure to high blue light-content artificial light at night links to increased depressive symptoms, revealing possible molecular mechanisms and prevention strategies, which are crucial for addressing environmentally related mental health issues.…”
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Chronic Mild Stress Modulates Activity-Dependent Transcription of BDNF in Rat Hippocampal Slices by Raffaella Molteni, Andrea C. Rossetti, Elisa Savino, Giorgio Racagni, Francesca Calabrese

“…Being the activity-regulated transcription a critical process in synaptic and neuronal plasticity, the different regulation of individual BDNF promoters may contribute to long-lasting changes, which are fundamental for the vulnerability of the hippocampus to stress-related diseases.…”
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Consumption of a High-Fat Diet Alters Perineuronal Nets in the Prefrontal Cortex by P. M. Dingess, J. H. Harkness, M. Slaker, Z. Zhang, S. S. Wulff, B. A. Sorg, T. E. Brown

“…One structure of interest is the perineuronal net (PNN), a specialized extracellular matrix surrounding, primarily, parvalbumin-containing GABAergic interneurons. PNNs contribute to synaptic stabilization, protect against oxidative stress, regulate the ionic microenvironment within cells, and modulate regional excitatory output. …”
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Unveiling the biological effects of radio-frequency and extremely-low frequency electromagnetic fields on the central nervous system performance by Ramin Eskandani, Mohammad Ismail Zibaii

“…Moreover, ELF-EMR exposure alters hippocampal function, notch signaling pathways, the antioxidant defense system, and synaptic activities. Conclusion: The RF-EMR and ELF-EMF exposures exhibit both beneficial and adverse effects. …”
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Salivary Metabolomics of Well and Poorly Controlled Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes by Sompop Bencharit, James Carlson, Warren C. Byrd, Escher L. Howard-Williams, Jackson T. Seagroves, Susan McRitchie, John B. Buse, Susan Sumner

“…Samples were spiked using an isotopically labeled internal standard and analyzed by UPLC-TOF-MS using a Waters SYNAPT G2-Si mass spectrometer. Results. Unsupervised principal components analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares regression discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to define unique metabolomic profiles associated with well and poorly controlled diabetes based on A1C levels. …”
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Methyl-Arginine Profile of Brain from Aged PINK1-KO+A53T-SNCA Mice Suggests Altered Mitochondrial Biogenesis by Georg Auburger, Suzana Gispert, Nadine Brehm

“…The strongest effects were documented for the adhesion modulator CMAS, the mRNA decapping/deadenylation factor PATL1, and the synaptic plasticity mediator CRTC1/TORC1. In addition, an intriguing effect was observed for the splicing factor PSF/SFPQ, known to interact with the dopaminergic differentiation factor NURR1 as well as with DJ-1, the protein responsible for the autosomal recessive PARK7 variant of PD. …”
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Intracellular Ca2+ Stores and Ca2+ Influx Are Both Required for BDNF to Rapidly Increase Quantal Vesicular Transmitter Release by Michelle D. Amaral, Lucas Pozzo-Miller

“…Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is well known as a survival factor during brain development as well as a regulator of adult synaptic plasticity. One potential mechanism to initiate BDNF actions is through its modulation of quantal presynaptic transmitter release. …”
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Opposite roles of serotonin and neuropeptide FMRFamide in the regulation of epigenetic processes involved in the longterm memory formation by L. N. Grinkevich, O. V. Vorobiova

“…Serotonin strengthens synaptic connections between neurons of the network, and FMRFamid is an inhibitory transmitter leading to long-term depression. …”
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MMP-9 Contributes to Dendritic Spine Remodeling Following Traumatic Brain Injury by Barbara Pijet, Marzena Stefaniuk, Leszek Kaczmarek

“…Their shape is strictly related to an on/off state of synapse and the strength of synaptic transmission. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is an extrasynaptically operating enzyme that plays a role in spine remodeling and has been reported to be activated upon TBI. …”
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The role of microRNAs in learning and long-term memory by L. N. Grinkevich

“…A number of microRNAs have been shown to be involved in the process of synaptic plasticity, as well as in the long-term memory formation. …”
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Utilizing MRAMs With Low Resistance and Limited Dynamic Range for Efficient MAC Accelerator by Sateesh, Kaustubh Chakarwar, Shubham Sahay

“…Spintronics based magnetic memory devices can emulate synaptic behavior efficiently and are hailed as one of the most promising candidates for realizing compact and ultra-energy efficient neural network accelerators. …”
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Modulatory Action by the Serotonergic System: Behavior and Neurophysiology in Drosophila melanogaster by Zana R. Majeed, Esraa Abdeljaber, Robin Soveland, Kristin Cornwell, Aubrey Bankemper, Felicitas Koch, Robin L. Cooper

“…The effects of feeding fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, during early second instars were also examined. 5-HT receptor subtypes were manipulated using RNA interference mediated knockdown and 5-HT receptor insertional mutations. Moreover, synaptic transmission at 5-HT neurons was blocked or enhanced in both larvae and adult flies. …”
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Cilostazol Combats Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Hippocampal Injury in Rats: Role of AKT/GSK3β/CREB Curbing Neuroinflammation by Doaa Abou El-ezz, Waleed Aldahmash, Tuba Esatbeyoglu, Sherif M. Afifi, Marawan Abd Elbaset

“…Furthermore, cilostazol administration suppressed LPS-induced rises in hippocampus caspase-3 and NF-κB levels while elevating rat B-cell/lymphoma 2 (BCL2) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, which are implicated in neuronal survival and synaptic plasticity. Cilostazol treatment also restored the decreased phosphorylation of protein kinase B (p-AKT) and reduced the elevated levels of phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (p-GSK3β) and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) in the hippocampus of LPS-treated rats. …”
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Differential Gene Expression Analysis in a Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Rat Model via RNA Sequencing: Identification of Key Molecular Pathways and Therapeutic Insights by Jin Young Hong, Wan-Jin Jeon, Hyunseong Kim, Changhwan Yeo, Hyun Kim, Yoon Jae Lee, In-Hyuk Ha

“…Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs included those involved in key biological processes, including synaptic plasticity, extracellular matrix organization, and hormonal regulation. …”
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Understanding retinal tau pathology through functional 2D and 3D iPSC-derived in vitro retinal models by Lorenza Mautone, Federica Cordella, Alessandro Soloperto, Silvia Ghirga, Giorgia Di Gennaro, Ylenia Gigante, Silvia Di Angelantonio

“…These changes are associated with impaired synaptic development, reduced neuronal connectivity, and enhanced cellular stress responses, including the increased formation of stress granules, markers of apoptosis and autophagy, and the presence of intracellular toxic tau aggregates. …”
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