Astrocytes and Developmental Plasticity in Fragile X by Connie Cheng, Mary Sourial, Laurie C. Doering

“…Alterations in the partnership between astrocytes and neurons have now emerged as important mechanisms that underlie neuropathology. With overall synaptic function standing as a prominent link to the expression of the disease phenotype in a number of neurodevelopmental disorders and knowing that astrocytes influence synapse development and function, this paper highlights the current knowledge of astrocyte biology with a focus on their involvement in fragile X syndrome.…”
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Noise-Induced Hearing Loss: Updates on Molecular Targets and Potential Interventions by Huanyu Mao, Yan Chen

“…Noise overexposure leads to hair cell loss, synaptic ribbon reduction, and auditory nerve deterioration, resulting in transient or permanent hearing loss depending on the exposure severity. …”
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Sleep Spindles as Facilitators of Memory Formation and Learning by Daniel Ulrich

“…Concomitant neurophysiological experiments showed a close relationship between sleep spindles and other sleep related EEG rhythms as well as a relationship between sleep spindles and synaptic plasticity. Together, there is growing evidence from several disciplines in neuroscience for a participation of sleep spindles in memory formation and learning.…”
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On the return process with refractoriness for a non-homogeneous Ornstein-Uhlenbeck neuronal model by Virginia Giorno, Serena Spina

“…We assume that the neuron is subject to a sequence of inhibitory and excitatory post-synaptic potentials that occur with time-dependent rates. …”
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GABA Withdrawal Modifies Network Activity in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons by H. Golan, K. Mikenberg, V. Greenberger, M. Segal

“…Dissociated hippocampal neurons, grown in culture for 2 to 3 weeks, tended to fire bursts of synaptic currents at fairly regular intervals, representing network activity. …”
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Simulations of Learning, Memory, and Forgetting Processes with Model of CA1 Region of the Hippocampus by Dariusz Świetlik

“…The aim of this paper is to present a computational model of the CA1 region of the hippocampus, whose properties include (a) attenuation of receptors for external stimuli, (b) delay and decay of postsynaptic potentials, (c) modification of internal weights due to propagation of postsynaptic potentials through the dendrite, and (d) modification of weights for the analog memory of each input due to a pattern of long-term synaptic potentiation (LTP) with regard to its decay. …”
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Construction of a rodent neural network-skeletal muscle assembloid that simulate the postnatal development of spinal cord motor neuronal network by Haiyang Yu, Shangbin Yang, Yuanfeng Chen, Chuangran Wu, Jing Xu, Yue Yang, Rongjie Wu, Yinan Guo, Zhen Chen, Ying Ding, Xiang Zeng, Ge Li, Yuanhuan Ma, Qiujian Zheng, Yuanshan Zeng, Biqin Lai

“…Inhibition of the ERK-MAPK and PI3K-AKT pathways significantly reduces neuronal differentiation and synaptic maturation of neural cells in NN-SkM assembloids, while also decreasing acetylcholine receptor formation on SkM cells. …”
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Repeated low-intensity noise exposure exacerbates age-related hearing loss via RAGE signaling pathway by Jianbin Sun, Na Sai, Tong Zhang, Chaoying Tang, Shuhang Fan, Qin Wang, Da Liu, Xianhai Zeng, Juanjuan Li, Weiwei Guo, Shiming Yang, Weiju Han

“…Additionally, degenerated mitochondria in the outer hair cells and decreased synaptic ribbons in the inner hair cells were also observed. …”
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Enhancing NMDA Receptor Function: Recent Progress on Allosteric Modulators by Lulu Yao, Qiang Zhou

“…The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are subtype glutamate receptors that play important roles in excitatory neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. Their hypo- or hyperactivation are proposed to contribute to the genesis or progression of various brain diseases, including stroke, schizophrenia, depression, and Alzheimer’s disease. …”
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Circadian Rhythm Disturbances in Mood Disorders: Insights into the Role of the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus by Chelsea A. Vadnie, Colleen A. McClung

“…The SCN consists of self-sustaining oscillators and receives photic and nonphotic cues, which entrain the SCN to the external environment. In turn, through synaptic and hormonal mechanisms, the SCN can drive and synchronize circadian rhythms in extra-SCN brain regions and peripheral tissues. …”
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Application Progress of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Rehabilitation of Chronic Low Back Pain by SHI Jian, WAN Ruihan, WANG Yafei, GONG Chen, WANG Yuling

“…It applies specific low-intensity current to specific brain areas through electrodes, regulate synaptic plasticity, change cortical excitability, and achieve the regulation of neural activity in the brain, and has shown certain efficacy in the treatment of chronic pain. …”
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Preliminary Assessment of Reference Region Quantification and Reduced Scanning Times for [18F]SynVesT-1 PET in Parkinson’s Disease by Kelly Smart, Carme Uribe, Kimberly L. Desmond, Sarah L. Martin, Neil Vasdev, Antonio P. Strafella

“…Synaptic density in the central nervous system can be measured in vivo using PET with [18F]SynVesT-1. …”
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Mechanistic insights into connexin-mediated neuroglia crosstalk in neurodegenerative diseases by Simona Denaro, Simona D’Aprile, Nunzio Vicario, Rosalba Parenti

“…However, accumulating evidence suggests that Cxs can also act as pathological pore in neuroinflammatory conditions, thereby contributing to neurodegenerative phenomena such as synaptic dysfunction, oxidative stress, and ultimately cell death. …”
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Immune Privilege as an Intrinsic CNS Property: Astrocytes Protect the CNS against T-Cell-Mediated Neuroinflammation by Ulrike Gimsa, N. Avrion Mitchison, Monika C. Brunner-Weinzierl

“…They support differentiation and homeostasis of neurons and influence synaptic activity. They are responsible for formation of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and make up the glia limitans. …”
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Impact of Aging in Microglia-Mediated D-Serine Balance in the CNS by Sebastián Beltrán-Castillo, Jaime Eugenín, Rommy von Bernhardi

“…Furthermore, D-serine dysregulation, in addition to affecting synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity, appears also to potentiate NMDAR-dependent excitotoxicity, promoting neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment. …”
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Fluctuation scaling in neural spike trains by Shinsuke Koyama, Ryota Kobayashi

“…We have considered the first-passage time of an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process and used a conductance-based neuron model with excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs to demonstrate the emergence of fluctuation scaling with various exponents, depending on the input regimes and the ratio between excitation and inhibition. …”
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Astrocytes Control Neuronal Excitability in the Nucleus Accumbens by Tommaso Fellin, Marcello D'Ascenzo, Philip G. Haydon

“…In this review, we will discuss recent results showing that mGluR5 receptors are key regulators of astrocyte activity. Synaptic release of glutamate activates mGluR5 expressed in perisynaptic astrocytes and generates intense Ca2+ signaling in these cells. …”
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A Reconfigurable and Biologically Inspired Paradigm for Computation Using Network-On-Chip and Spiking Neural Networks by Jim Harkin, Fearghal Morgan, Liam McDaid, Steve Hall, Brian McGinley, Seamus Cawley

“…However, FPGAs do not efficiently realise the biologically plausible neuron and synaptic models of SNNs, and current FPGA routing structures cannot accommodate the high levels of interneuron connectivity inherent in complex SNNs. …”
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Current Perspectives regarding Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Alzheimer’s Disease by Kyeong-Ah Kwak, Seung-Pyo Lee, Jin-Young Yang, Young-Seok Park

“…Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder featuring memory loss and cognitive impairment, is caused by synaptic failure and the excessive accumulation of misfolded proteins. …”
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Exploring the impact of the stargazin V143L mutation on the dynamics of the AMPA receptor: stargazin complex by Raquel P. Gouveia, Raquel P. Gouveia, Carlos A. V. Barreto, Carlos A. V. Barreto, Rita Melo, Ana Luísa Carvalho, Ana Luísa Carvalho, Irina S. Moreira, Irina S. Moreira

“…Through extensive analysis of complex interface structures and dynamics, we revealed that the stargazin V143L mutation had a more pronounced destabilising effect on complexes with lower conductance levels than on the conductive states of the receptor, suggesting a potential association with impaired synaptic transmission in individuals with this mutation.…”
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