Relationship between enriched environment and neurodegeneration: a review from mechanism to therapy by Yuan-qiao Xu, Yanjiao Chen, Jia-xin Xing, Jun Yao

“…We discussed the molecular underpinnings of the effects of EE, including modulation of key signaling pathways such as extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), and AMPK/SIRT1, which were implicated in neuroprotection and synaptic plasticity. Additionally, we scrutinized the influence of EE on epigenetic modifications and autophagy, processes pivotal to ND pathogenesis. …”
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Modulation of CREB in the Dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus of Dark-Reared Mice by Thomas E. Krahe, Tania A. Seabrook, Ching-Kang J. Chen, Michael A. Fox, William Guido

“…DR disrupts retinogeniculate synaptic strength and pruning in mice, but only when DR starts one week after eye opening (delayed DR, DDR) and not after chronic DR (CDR) from birth. …”
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Delta opioid receptors engage multiple signaling cascades to differentially modulate prefrontal GABA release with input and target specificity by Ryan P.D. Alexander, Kevin J. Bender

“…Thus, DORs engage differential signaling cascades to regulate inhibition depending on the postsynaptic target compartment, with different effects on synaptic information transfer in somatic and dendritic domains.…”
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Delirious Mania Associated with Autoimmune Gastrothyroidal Syndrome of a Mid-Life Female: The Role of Hashimoto Encephalopathy and a 3-Year Follow-Up including Serum Autoantibody L... by Udo Bonnet, Claudia Selle, Ralf Kuhlmann

“…Diagnostic analyses found no evidence of limbic encephalopathies characterized by serum antibodies against intracellular, synaptic, or further cell surface antigenic targets, neoplasm, and connective tissue or vasculitis diseases. …”
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The crucial role of 5hmC in neuroprotection and repair after cerebrovascular injury by Yanina Tsenkina

“…Additionally, it explores emerging evidence suggesting that 5hmC contributes to neurorepair by promoting neurogenesis, axonal regeneration, angiogenesis, and synaptic plasticity. Understanding the role of hydroxymethylation in cerebrovascular injury provides insights into potential therapeutic approaches for enhancing the brain’s innate mechanisms for protection and repair. …”
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β-synuclein in cerebrospinal fluid as a potential biomarker for distinguishing human prion diseases from Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease by Bing Xu, Kang Xiao, Xiaoxi Jia, Rundong Cao, Donglin Liang, Ruhan A, Weiwei Zhang, Chunjie Li, Liping Gao, Cao Chen, Qi Shi, Xiaoping Dong

“…These findings have critical implications for early diagnosis and monitoring of synaptic integrity in prion diseases.…”
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Mixed representations of choice direction and outcome by GABA/glutamate cotransmitting neurons in the entopeduncular nucleus by Julianna Locantore, Yijun Liu, Jesse White, Janet Berrios Wallace, Celia Beron, Emily Kraft, Bernardo Sabatini, Michael Wallace

“…Neither manipulation produced detectable changes in behavior despite significant changes in synaptic transmission in the LHb, demonstrating that the outputs of these neurons are not required for ongoing action-outcome updating in a probabilistic switching task.…”
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Perfusion Imaging in Autoimmune Encephalitis by Deepak Vallabhaneni, Muhammad Atif Naveed, Rajiv Mangla, Awss Zidan, Rashi I. Mehta

“…Autoimmune encephalitis is caused by antibodies against neuronal synaptic receptors, surface proteins, or intracellular proteins. …”
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Brain network and energy imbalance in Parkinson’s disease: linking ATP reduction and α-synuclein pathology by Hirohisa Watanabe, Sayuri Shima, Kazuya Kawabata, Yasuaki Mizutani, Akihiro Ueda, Akihiro Ueda, Mizuki Ito, Mizuki Ito

“…Cortical hubs, which are highly connected regions essential for coordinating multiple brain functions, require significant energy due to their dense synaptic activity and long-range connections. Deficits in ATP production in PD can severely impair these hubs. …”
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Neuregulin 1 improves cognitive deficits and neuropathology in an Alzheimer’s disease model by Jiqing Xu, Fred de Winter, Catherine Farrokhi, Edward Rockenstein, Michael Mante, Anthony Adame, Jonathan Cook, Xin Jin, Eliezer Masliah, Kuo-Fen Lee

“…Decreased expression of the neuronal marker MAP2 and synaptic markers PSD95 and synaptophysin in AD mice was significantly reversed. …”
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High-fat diet triggers transcriptomic changes in the olfactory bulb by Young-Kook Kim, Danbi Jo, Seoyoon Choi, Juhyun Song

“…Recent studies have focused on olfactory dysfunction in patients with obesity and diabetes accompanied by cognitive dysfunction, considering that the synaptic signal from the olfactory bulb is directly transmitted to memory consolidation–related brain regions. …”
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Augmenting flexibility: mutual inhibition between inhibitory neurons expands functional diversity by Belle Liu, Alexander James White, Chung-Chuan Lo

“…That is, multiple functions coexist for a single set of synaptic weights. Here, we develop a theoretical framework to explain how inhibitory recurrent circuits give rise to this flexibility and show that mutual inhibition doubles the number of cusp bifurcations in small neural circuits. …”
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Multidimensional free shape-morphing flexible neuromorphic devices with regulation at arbitrary points by Jiaqi Liu, Chengpeng Jiang, Qianbo Yu, Yao Ni, Cunjiang Yu, Wentao Xu

“…Each individual device component emulates essential synaptic functions for neural computing, while the collective ensemble replicates muscle actuation in response to efferent neuromuscular commands. …”
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Synapse Plasticity in Motor, Sensory, and Limbo-Prefrontal Cortex Areas as Measured by Degrading Axon Terminals in an Environment Model of Gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) by Janina Neufeld, Gertraud Teuchert-Noodt, Keren Grafen, York Winter, A. Veronica Witte

“…We therefore investigated (pre)synaptic plasticity in various cortices of adult rodents, visualized by secondary lysosome accumulations (LA) in remodeling axon terminals. …”
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The Maternal Brain: An Organ with Peripartal Plasticity by Katharina Maria Hillerer, Volker Rudolf Jacobs, Thorsten Fischer, Ludwig Aigner

“…Also, there is growing evidence that pregnancy and lactation are associated with a variety of alterations in neural plasticity, including adult neurogenesis, functional and structural synaptic plasticity, and dendritic remodeling in different brain regions. …”
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Novel Strategies for the Improvement of Stem Cells’ Transplantation in Degenerative Retinal Diseases by Simona Delia Nicoară, Sergiu Șușman, Oana Tudoran, Otilia Bărbos, Gabriela Cherecheș, Simion Aștilean, Monica Potara, Olga Sorițău

“…However, their translation into the clinical realm is limited by various factors: the immunogenicity of the cells, the stability of the cell phenotype, the predilection of SCs to form tumors in situ, the abnormality of the microenvironment, and the association of a synaptic rewiring. To improve SCs based therapies, nanotechnology offers a smart delivery system for biomolecules, such as growth factors for SCs implantation and differentiation into retinal progenitors. …”
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Glucose metabolism impairment in major depressive disorder by Fanhao Meng, Jing Wang, Long Wang, Wei Zou

“…These impairments may result from mechanisms including insulin resistance, hyperglycemia-induced damage, oxidative stress, astrocyte abnormalities, and mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to insufficient energy supply, altered synaptic plasticity, neuronal cell death, and functional and structural damage to reward networks. …”
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Identification of Molecular Substrate for the Attenuation of Anxiety: A Step Toward the Development of Better Anti-Anxiety Drugs by Uwe Rudolph

“…Benzodiazepines augment the action of the inhibitory neurotransmitter g-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at contact points between two nerve cells called synapses, points at which information is transmitted from one nerve cell to the next. Synaptically released GABA binds to postsynaptic GABAA receptors, thus causing an influx of negatively charged chloride ions into the postsynaptic neuron. …”
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Enhancing sleep quality in synucleinopathies through physical exercise by Jacopo Canonichesi, Laura Bellingacci, Francesco Rivelli, Alessandro Tozzi

“…During sleep, several crucial processes for brain homeostasis occur, including the rearrangement of synaptic connections, which is essential for memory formation and updating. …”
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The connecting brain in context: How adolescent plasticity supports learning and development by Amanda E. Baker, Adriana Galván, Andrew J. Fuligni

“…Puberty initiates significant neurobiological changes that amplify adolescents’ responsiveness to their environment, facilitating neural adaptation through processes like synaptic pruning, myelination, and neuronal reorganization. …”
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