GABA Withdrawal Modifies Network Activity in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons by H. Golan, K. Mikenberg, V. Greenberger, M. Segal

“…Dissociated hippocampal neurons, grown in culture for 2 to 3 weeks, tended to fire bursts of synaptic currents at fairly regular intervals, representing network activity. …”
Get full text

Simulations of Learning, Memory, and Forgetting Processes with Model of CA1 Region of the Hippocampus by Dariusz Świetlik

“…The aim of this paper is to present a computational model of the CA1 region of the hippocampus, whose properties include (a) attenuation of receptors for external stimuli, (b) delay and decay of postsynaptic potentials, (c) modification of internal weights due to propagation of postsynaptic potentials through the dendrite, and (d) modification of weights for the analog memory of each input due to a pattern of long-term synaptic potentiation (LTP) with regard to its decay. …”
Get full text

Construction of a rodent neural network-skeletal muscle assembloid that simulate the postnatal development of spinal cord motor neuronal network by Haiyang Yu, Shangbin Yang, Yuanfeng Chen, Chuangran Wu, Jing Xu, Yue Yang, Rongjie Wu, Yinan Guo, Zhen Chen, Ying Ding, Xiang Zeng, Ge Li, Yuanhuan Ma, Qiujian Zheng, Yuanshan Zeng, Biqin Lai

“…Inhibition of the ERK-MAPK and PI3K-AKT pathways significantly reduces neuronal differentiation and synaptic maturation of neural cells in NN-SkM assembloids, while also decreasing acetylcholine receptor formation on SkM cells. …”
Get full text

Enhancing NMDA Receptor Function: Recent Progress on Allosteric Modulators by Lulu Yao, Qiang Zhou

“…The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are subtype glutamate receptors that play important roles in excitatory neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. Their hypo- or hyperactivation are proposed to contribute to the genesis or progression of various brain diseases, including stroke, schizophrenia, depression, and Alzheimer’s disease. …”
Get full text

Circadian Rhythm Disturbances in Mood Disorders: Insights into the Role of the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus by Chelsea A. Vadnie, Colleen A. McClung

“…The SCN consists of self-sustaining oscillators and receives photic and nonphotic cues, which entrain the SCN to the external environment. In turn, through synaptic and hormonal mechanisms, the SCN can drive and synchronize circadian rhythms in extra-SCN brain regions and peripheral tissues. …”
Get full text

Mechanistic insights into connexin-mediated neuroglia crosstalk in neurodegenerative diseases by Simona Denaro, Simona D’Aprile, Nunzio Vicario, Rosalba Parenti

“…However, accumulating evidence suggests that Cxs can also act as pathological pore in neuroinflammatory conditions, thereby contributing to neurodegenerative phenomena such as synaptic dysfunction, oxidative stress, and ultimately cell death. …”
Get full text

Immune Privilege as an Intrinsic CNS Property: Astrocytes Protect the CNS against T-Cell-Mediated Neuroinflammation by Ulrike Gimsa, N. Avrion Mitchison, Monika C. Brunner-Weinzierl

“…They support differentiation and homeostasis of neurons and influence synaptic activity. They are responsible for formation of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and make up the glia limitans. …”
Get full text

Impact of Aging in Microglia-Mediated D-Serine Balance in the CNS by Sebastián Beltrán-Castillo, Jaime Eugenín, Rommy von Bernhardi

“…Furthermore, D-serine dysregulation, in addition to affecting synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity, appears also to potentiate NMDAR-dependent excitotoxicity, promoting neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment. …”
Get full text

Fluctuation scaling in neural spike trains by Shinsuke Koyama, Ryota Kobayashi

“…We have considered the first-passage time of an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process and used a conductance-based neuron model with excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs to demonstrate the emergence of fluctuation scaling with various exponents, depending on the input regimes and the ratio between excitation and inhibition. …”
Get full text

Neuroimaging Insights into Autism Spectrum Disorder: Structural and Functional Brain by Mahie Patil, Nofel Iftikhar, Latha Ganti

“…Postmortem research reveals cellular and synaptic changes, such as fewer Purkinje cells and altered neuron organization. …”
Get full text

Fully Connected Neural Networks Ensemble with Signal Strength Clustering for Indoor Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks by Marcin Bernas, Bartłomiej Płaczek

“…Sensor nodes have to store only the signal strength prototypes and synaptic weights of the ANNs in order to estimate their locations. …”
Get full text

Role of serotonin in physiology and diseases of gastro-intestinal tract by E. F. Barinov, O. N. Sulayeva

“…Authors discuss receptor-specific effects of serotonin on blood-tissue barriers of GIT, synaptic transmission, regulation of local and systemic afferentation, motility of the stomach and intestine, and mechanisms of defense. …”
Get full text

Neuropeptidomics: Mass Spectrometry-Based Identification and Quantitation of Neuropeptides by Ji Eun Lee

“…Neuropeptides bind to post-synaptic receptors and elicit cellular effects like classical neurotransmitters. …”
Get full text

Astrocytes Control Neuronal Excitability in the Nucleus Accumbens by Tommaso Fellin, Marcello D'Ascenzo, Philip G. Haydon

“…In this review, we will discuss recent results showing that mGluR5 receptors are key regulators of astrocyte activity. Synaptic release of glutamate activates mGluR5 expressed in perisynaptic astrocytes and generates intense Ca2+ signaling in these cells. …”
Get full text

A Reconfigurable and Biologically Inspired Paradigm for Computation Using Network-On-Chip and Spiking Neural Networks by Jim Harkin, Fearghal Morgan, Liam McDaid, Steve Hall, Brian McGinley, Seamus Cawley

“…However, FPGAs do not efficiently realise the biologically plausible neuron and synaptic models of SNNs, and current FPGA routing structures cannot accommodate the high levels of interneuron connectivity inherent in complex SNNs. …”
Get full text

Current Perspectives regarding Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Alzheimer’s Disease by Kyeong-Ah Kwak, Seung-Pyo Lee, Jin-Young Yang, Young-Seok Park

“…Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder featuring memory loss and cognitive impairment, is caused by synaptic failure and the excessive accumulation of misfolded proteins. …”
Get full text

Optimization of Leaky Integrate-and-Fire Neuron Circuits Based on Nanoporous Graphene Memristors by Kannan Udaya Mohanan, Seyed Mehdi Sattari-Esfahlan, Eou-Sik Cho, Chang-Hyun Kim

“…Circuit parameters like the synaptic resistance and membrane capacitance act as additional control parameters whereby the spike frequency of the circuit can be effectively controlled. …”
Get full text

Intestinal microbiome as effective regulator of enteral and central nervous system activity by V. T. Ivashkin, K. V. Ivashkin

“…No evidence of direct involvement of these neurotransmitters in regulation of proximal enteral neurons synaptic activity is obtained. However the fact of neurotransmitter production in close proximity to intestinal wall creates a basis for the further studies. …”
Get full text

Mechanisms underlying CSD initiation implicated by genetic mouse models of migraine by Daniela Pietrobon, K.C. Brennan

“…These models, all generated from families with hereditary migraine, allow the investigation of the functional consequences of disease-causing mutations at the molecular, cellular, synaptic and neural circuit levels. In this review, after describing the available genetic mouse models of migraine, which all share increased susceptibility to experimentally induced CSD, we will discuss the functional alterations in their cerebral cortex and the mechanisms underlying the facilitation of CSD initiation in their cortex, as well as the insights that these mechanisms may give into the mechanisms of initiation of spontaneous CSDs in migraine.…”
Get full text

Presynaptic CRF1 Receptors Mediate the Ethanol Enhancement of GABAergic Transmission in the Mouse Central Amygdala by Zhiguo Nie, Eric P. Zorrilla, Samuel G. Madamba, Kenner C. Rice, Marissa Roberto, George Robert Siggins

“…These data indicate that presynaptic CRF1 receptors play a critical role in permitting or mediating ethanol enhancement of GABAergic synaptic transmission in CeA, via increased vesicular GABA release, and thus may be a rational target for the treatment of alcohol abuse and alcoholism.…”
Get full text