Shedding New Light on Cutaneous Horns: A Comprehensive Review and Pitfall of Management by Leo Wan, Aileen Park, Kamran Arastu, Amor Khachemoune

“…A cutaneous horn, also known as cornu cutaneum, is an uncommon protuberance of highly compacted keratinous material from the stratum corneum, resembling an animal horn. Although the cause and pathogenesis of these lesions were long misunderstood, cutaneous horns are now generally recognised to be reactive skin growths that can result from a variety of infectious, malignant, pre-malignant, and benign conditions. …”
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A. A. ZINOVIEV ON THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE SOVIET MANAGERIAL ELITE by E. M. Amelina

“…The paper identifies the main characteristics of the Brezhnev and Gorbachev management elite, as a privileged stratum cut off from the people, who have lost faith in communist ideals and are ready for capitalist transformation. …”
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Spatio-temporal Variation Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Bank Collapse in Reservoir Area of Jinghong Hydropower Station by LIANG Ruifeng, XU Peng

“…The reservoir area of Jinghong hydropower station belongs to the medium mountain canyon landform with variable stratum lithologies and complex geological structures.By investigation and review of bank collapse in the reservoir area in 2009,2012,2014 and 2019,this paper summarizes and analyzes the temporal-spatial variation characteristics and influencing factors of bank collapse.The results show that:①Up to the survey period in 2019,there are 299 bank collapses in the reservoir area.The bank collapse with volume between 10~100 m³ occupies the first place,130 bank collapses stop developing and 169 bank collapses are developing;②The number of bank collapse is increasing year by year;the bank collapses are mainly distributed in the reservoir section with steep terrain,thicker loose layer and strong weathered rock;the reservoir area is mainly characterized by small-scale bank collapse,but there is a trend of gradual expansion;the increase of bank collapses which are developing is obviously slowing down and the bank collapses in earlier stage show a gradually stable state;③Specific topography,thicker loose layer,economic trees which are unfavorable to soil and water conservation,and frequent human production activities are the main factors for bank collapses.…”
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Analysis of Deep Foundation Pit Pile-Anchor Supporting System Based on FLAC3D by Yongshuai Sun, Zhiming Li

“…Relying on a deep foundation pit project in Beijing, using FLAC3D three-dimensional finite-difference software simulation combined with displacement monitoring data verification method, the deep foundation pit excavation and three-pile and two-anchor rod support system in anhydrous sand pebble stratum are systematically analyzed, and summed up the variation law of formation stress, internal force of soil nail, axial force of bolt, stress and displacement of pile in the process of excavation and support of deep foundation pit. …”
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Western scholars on samurai: Stages in studying the Japanese military estate of the 18th – early 20th century by E.A. Pavlovskaya

“…The rise of interest in samurai as a marginal stratum of society. 3) Popular-science (1894–1914). …”
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Analysis of One-Dimensional Consolidation for Unsaturated Soils under Piecewise Cyclic Loading by Yuanchun Huang, Sidong Shen, Lei Wang, Tianyi Li, Xianlei Fu

“…This paper studies the one-dimensional (1D) consolidation behavior for unsaturated stratum subjected to piecewise cyclic loading. Combined with the widely accepted consolidation theory of unsaturated soils, a semianalytical method was employed to investigate the consolidation of unsaturated foundation considering piecewise cyclic loading in the Laplace domain. …”
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SEALING STRUCTURE RESEARCH ON RUBBER OF THE COMPRESSION OPEN HOLE PACKER by LI Bin, ZHANG DongYang, LI Qiang, SHEN HuanYu, YANG Shuang

“…Due to working in an environment of high temperature,high pressure and complex and deep stratum,the packer setting often turned to low pressure and losed efficacy earlier. …”
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Mesurer la ville par l’évaluation et la caractérisation du sol urbain : l’exemple de Tours by Amélie Laurent, Mélanie Fondrillon

“…Based on the use of tools from earth science and applied to a problematic city history, two new approaches to pre-industrial city stratigraphy have been developed, the first concerning micro-archaeology, the second, geotechnics applied to the archaeological deposits.Conducted jointly, these two studies are doubly interesting: first, of a general nature, concerning the implementation of a methodology applicable to all urban phenomena, in particular by the creation of a common frame of reference for archaeological stratum, enabling undefined deposits to be described; the second interest, more selective, concerns the application of these general principles to one particular case of urban land formation, that of Tours. …”
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Internet et le Grand Siècle : les recueils collectifs de poésie au regard du Web by Christophe Schuwey

“…However, identifying this stratum also reveals what poetry collections possess in their own right, namely an aesthetic dimension that eludes technological change.…”
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Estimation of the Occurrence Time of Thaumasite Sulfate Attack on Tunnel Lining Concrete by Chongbang Xu, Xiaojing Gao, Xuefeng Li, Kaishun Zhang

“…The preconditions for the formation of thaumasite on tunnel concrete structures are available in Shanxi Province, China, due to the special conditions of stratum lithology and climate. The compositions of corrosion products of lining concrete under TSA varied for site studies and for laboratory tests. …”
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Seyyid Muhammad Riza and his essay “Seven Planets in the News of the Tatar Kings” by Ismagil Gibadullin, Il’nur Mirgaleev

“…The article is about one of the most important works devoted to the history of the Crimean Khanate, the historical work “Seven Planets in the News of the Tatar Kings” (“As-sab’ as-sayyar fi akhbari muluk at-Tatar”) by the Ottoman author Seyyid Muhammad Riza, who most likely was of Crimean Tatar origin and came from the Seyid stratum and was part of the elite of the Ottoman Empire, in charge of the affairs of the Seyids. …”
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The Vibration Characteristics of Ground of Rock Blasting in Silt-Rock Strata by Tao Yin, Chuanbo Zhou, Changqing Zheng, Jugen Fu, Ziru Guo

“…As the shield section passes through the silt-rock strata, the rock stratum of the tunnel section has to be blasted into blocks in advance, and the diameter of the blocks should be less than 30 cm after breaking, and then, the blocks could smoothly enter the soil cabin through the opening of the tunnel boring machine (TBM) cutter head and finally be discharged through the screw machine. …”
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Patterns of Dysgraphia in Primary Progressive Aphasia Compared to Post-Stroke Aphasia by Andreia V. Faria, Jenny Crinion, Kyrana Tsapkini, Melissa Newhart, Cameron Davis, Shannon Cooley, Susumu Mori, Argye E. Hillis

“…Using structural imaging techniques, we found that damage to the left extrasylvian regions, including the uncinate, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and sagittal stratum (including geniculostriate pathway and inferior longitudinal fasciculus), as well as other deep white and grey matter structures, was significantly associated with impairments in access to orthographic word forms and semantics (with reliance on phonology-to-orthography to produce a plausible spelling in the spelling to dictation task). …”
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Deformation Response and Safety Evaluation of Buildings Affected by Subway-Station Construction by Chunlei Feng, Dingli Zhang, Hualao Wang, Xuan Zhang

“…Based on the sand and pebble stratum in the Beijing area, this paper studies the interaction between deep-foundation-pit excavation for subway stations and surrounding buildings using an orthogonal test. …”
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Determinants in adopting cashless payments in Europe: a multilevel analysis by Jose Domingo García-Merino, Leire San-Jose, Nerea San-Martin

“…However, the application of the Technology Acceptance Model highlights the presence of overarching characteristics conducive to extensive adoption. Thus, an additional stratum, the multilevel perspective, needs to be examined. …”
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Pre-reinforcement Performance of Yielding Anti-slide Piles for Bedding Rock Slope by DING Wei, WANG Junjie, QIU Zhenfeng

“…Yielding anti-slide pile is a pre-reinforcement structure developed for bedding rock slopes.To explore its pre-reinforcement performance,firstly,its pre-reinforcement mechanism is analyzed.Secondly,by employing deformation and stress as reference indicators,this paper adopts a physical model test combined with numerical simulations to compare yielding anti-slide piles with ordinary anti-slide piles.Finally,the effects of yielding layer thickness,anchoring section length,and yielding layer elastic modulus on the reinforcement effect of yielding anti-slide piles are studied.The results are as follows.① The pre-reinforcement and yielding anti-slide piles for slopes can induce weak deformation of potential sliding mass through the yielding layer setting,exert the beneficial effect of shear strength between layers of rock strata,and improve the displacement and stress state of the pile bodies.② The displacement of rock stratum sliding during the support of yielding anti-slide piles is significantly increased,and the lateral pressure acting on the pile bodies is smaller than that of ordinary anti-slide piles to better improve the anti-slide effect of anti-slide piles.③ The pre-reinforcement effect of the yielding anti-slide piles tends to gradually improve with the rising length of the anchor section,while the yielding layer thickness and the elastic modulus of the yielding layer increase with a trend of first becoming better and then becoming worse.…”
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Experimental Research on the Impact of Interface Temperature on the Adhesion Properties of Clay under the Condition of Different Contacting Time by Tao Qiu, Yonggang Zhang

“…Mud cakes are very likely to occur at the shield cutter when the shield machine passes through a clay stratum, which adhere to the cutter and reduce the excavation efficiency. …”
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A case study of newly tunnels over-crossing the existing subway tunnels by Ben Wu, Wei Liu, Peixin Shi, Xiangyang Xu, Yingjing Liu

“…In this study, a case history of closely spaced twin tunnels excavated above the existing tunnels in soft soil stratum was presented. The deformation of the existing tunnels induced by the excavation of the new tunnels was automatically monitored. …”
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Surface Settlement Damage Model of Pile-Anchor Supporting Structure in Deep Excavation by Yuanxun Li, Wuyu Zhang, Ningshan Jiang, Hui Li

“…Based on the principle of the stratum loss method, the surface settlement around a deep excavated pit was assumed as a skewed distribution curve, and the surface settlement of the pile-anchor supporting pit was solved. …”
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Loading Behavior and Soil-Structure Interaction for a Floating Stone Column under Rigid Foundation: A DEM Study by Feng Liu, Panpan Guo, Haibo Hu, Chengwei Zhu, Xiaonan Gong

“…The interaction between column and soft soil shows that the column does not penetrate into the underlying stratum but drags the surrounding soil down.…”
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