Up-Regulation of Endothelin Receptors Induced by Cigarette Smoke — Involvement of MAPK in Vascular and Airway Hyper-Reactivity by Yaping Zhang, Lars Edvinsson, Cang-Bao Xu

“…In the vasculature and airways, the main functional consequences of up-regulated endothelin receptors by cigarette smoke exposure are enhanced contraction and proliferation of the smooth muscle cells, which subsequently result in abnormal contraction (spasm) and adverse proliferation (remodeling) of the vasculature and airways. …”
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Primary Sarcoma of the Specialised Prostatic Stroma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by Rosanna Zamparese, Francesco Corini, Antonio Braccischi, Antonella D'Angelo, Lucilla Diamanti, Marina Del Vecchio, Willy Giannubilo, Vladimiro Mambelli

“…Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells express diffusely CD34 and focally progesterone whereas no immunoreactivity was seen for cytocheratin, desmin, S-100, Bcl-2, chromogranin, CD117, and actin smooth muscle. A final diagnosis of low-grade prostatic stromal sarcoma (LG-PS) was made. …”
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Plac8 regulates the fibrogenic ability of cardiac fibroblasts in mice with myocardial infarction by Ting Fu, Jianping Gong, Lei Xu, Ningning Ji

“…Western blot showed increased protein expression level of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and transwell assay and wound-healing assay collectively suggested enhanced cell migration. …”
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Autoimmunity and Extrahepatic Manifestations in Treatment-Naïve Children with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection by Giuseppe Indolfi, Elisa Bartolini, Biagio Olivito, Chiara Azzari, Massimo Resti

“…Nonorgan specific auto-antibodies development is part of the natural course of chronic hepatitis C in children. Smooth muscle autoantibody is the most common autoantibody found, while liver-kidney microsomal type-1 antibody positivity is the most peculiar autoimmune feature of children with HCV infection. …”
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Visfatin/Nampt: An Adipokine with Cardiovascular Impact by Tania Romacho, Carlos F. Sánchez-Ferrer, Concepción Peiró

“…Visfatin/Nampt effects on cytokine and chemokine secretion, macrophage survival, leukocyte recruitment by endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle inflammation and plaque destabilization make of this adipokine an active factor in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. …”
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Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism by I. A. Baranova, A. V. Baranov

“…Hyperparathyroidism has been shown to cause smooth muscle atony with specific upper and lower GI symptoms such as nausea, heartburn and constipation. …”
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Effects of Pentoxifylline in a Rat Model of Manganism: Evaluation of the Possible Toxicity by Romina Tanideh, Omid Farshad, Akram Jamshidzadeh, Aida Iraji

“…Pentoxifylline (PTX) administration attracts much attention considering the beneficial properties of PTX, as an anti-inflammatory and smooth muscle relaxation agent. This in vivo study aims to evaluate the effect of PTX on manganism in rat model. …”
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Improvement of Skin Wound Healing for Diabetic Mice with Thermosensitive Hydrogel Combined with Insulin Injection by Lingling Fang, Haijian Wu, Xiaoyan Li, Jianghua Fang, Yabin Zhu

“…Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to measure the relative expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) in wound tissues at 7, 14, and 28 days. …”
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IgG expressed by renal tubular epithelial cells in epithelial mesenchymal transformation and interstitial fibrosis in diabetic kidney disease by Xinyao Wang, Zhenling Deng, Yue Wang

“…High glucose induced an over expression of IgG in human renal tubular epithelial cells, and knockdown of IgG with siRNA relieved the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA), collagen IV, fibronectin, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 under high glucose conditions. …”
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Immunohistochemical Analysis of Postburn Scars following Treatment Using Dermal Substitutes by Mi Young Lee, Hyunchul Kim, In Suk Kwak, Youngchul Jang, Younghee Choi

“…Immunohistochemical analyses of elastin, collagen I, collagen III, cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and laminin from scar and control tissues were performed and compared. …”
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Features of the electrolyte distribution in various tissues in miniature pigs by A. V. Fatianova, V. A. Lavrinenko, O. V.  Trapezov, N. S. Yudin

“…It was shown that skeletal and smooth muscles differ in electrolyte content. The impact of behavioral response to humans on the electrolyte level in skeletal muscle was detected. …”
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Atherogenic ω-6 Lipids Modulate PPAR- EGR-1 Crosstalk in Vascular Cells by Jia Fei, Carla Cook, Miriah Gillespie, Bangning Yu, Khyra Fullen, Nalini Santanam

“…The objective of this study was to investigate if ω-6 lipids modulated the early growth response-1 (Egr-1)/PPAR crosstalk thereby altering vascular function. Rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs) were exposed to ω-6 lipids, linoleic acid (LA), or its oxidized form, 13-HPODE (OxLA) in the presence or absence of a PPARα antagonist (MK886) or PPARγ antagonist (GW9662) or PPAR-specific siRNA. …”
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Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell‐derived exosomes improve renal fibrosis by reducing the polarisation of M1 and M2 macrophages through the activation of EP2 receptors by Yuqing Lu, Lulu Yang, Xiao Chen, Jing Liu, Anqi Nie, Xiaolan Chen

“…Renal pathological changes were evident in the UUO group compared to the control group, with significantly increased expression of α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), fibronectin, Ep2 and F4/80+CD86+ and F4/80+CD206+ cells in the UUO group (p< 0.05). …”
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Rhabdomyomatous (Mesenchymal) Hamartoma Presenting as Haemangioma on the Upper Lip: A Case Report with Immunohistochemical Analysis and Treatment with High-Power Lasers by Aluana Dal Vechio, Edgar Nakajima, Décio Pinto, Luciane Hiramatsu Azevedo, Dante A. Migliari

“…A supplementary analysis with immunohistochemistry demonstrated positivity for desmin, HHF35, smooth muscle actin, S-100, and CD34. Based on these findings, the lesion was diagnosed as rhabdomyomatous hamartoma. …”
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Leiomyosarcoma of the Right Gonadal Vein: Review of the Approach and Prognostic in a Rare Case by Noa de la Fuente, Manuel Rodríguez Blanco, Gemma Cerdán, Antonio Moral, Vicenç Artigas

“…It originates in the smooth muscle cells of the vessel wall and is frequently located in the inferior vena cava. …”
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Single-cell analysis identifies the CNP/GC-B/cGMP axis as marker and regulator of modulated VSMCs in atherosclerosis by Moritz Lehners, Hannes Schmidt, Maria T. K. Zaldivia, Daniel Stehle, Michael Krämer, Andreas Peter, Julia Adler, Robert Lukowski, Susanne Feil, Robert Feil

“…Abstract A balanced activity of cGMP signaling contributes to the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) can generate cGMP via three ligand-activated guanylyl cyclases, the NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase, the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)-activated GC-A, and the C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP)-stimulated GC-B. …”
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Purpurogallin, a Natural Phenol, Attenuates High-Mobility Group Box 1 in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Induced Vasospasm in a Rat Model by Chih-Zen Chang, Chih-Lung Lin, Shu-Chuan Wu, Aij-Lie Kwan

“…Deformed endothelial wall, tortuous elastic lamina, and necrotic smooth muscle were observed in the vessels of SAH groups but were absent in the purpurogallin group. …”
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Clinicopathological features of two ultra-rare cases of malignant perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) involving the uterus with recent updates by Bharat Rekhi, Santosh Menon

“…Additionally, the second tumor was positive for smooth muscle actin (SMA) and TFE3. Both patients developed tumor recurrences. …”
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CircXYLT1 suppresses oxidative stress and promotes vascular remodeling in aging mice carotid artery injury model of atherosclerosis via PTBP1 by Gang Li, Donghui Li, Yajing Li, Bingqi Liu

“…Knockdown of CircXYLT1 increased oxidative stress and reduced antioxidant protein expression (SOD, GPX), while overexpression led to decreased oxidative damage and enhanced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation. Mechanistically, CircXYLT1 interacted with PTBP1, reducing its nuclear localization and modulating downstream chemokine signaling pathways. …”
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Comparison between Sevoflurane and Isoflurane Effects on Hemodynamic Status by Adel Amen Hama

“… Back ground: Volatile anaesthetics are known to cause hypotension because of its effects on the central nervous system and autonomic nervous system, on the myocardium as well as its direct action on vascular smooth muscle. Aim of study: is to compare between sevoflurane and isoflurane effects on pulse rate and mean blood pressure during general anaesthesia. …”
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