THE DIVERSITY OF LIFE CYCLES AND THEIR ROLE IN THE EVOLUTION OF BASIC CHROMOSOME NUMBERS IN VARIOUS ORGANISMS by A. I. Shchapova

“…Species of various mammal subclasses, with sporophyte predominance gametic meiotic reduction, dioecious, and characterized by a chromosomal sex-determination system broadly vary in BCN. Monotremata species (oviparous) have small BCNs and ploidy levels 10x. …”
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Prediction of the Sex-Associated Genomic Region in Tunas (Thunnus Fishes) by Yoji Nakamura, Kentaro Higuchi, Kazunori Kumon, Motoshige Yasuike, Toshinori Takashi, Koichiro Gen, Atushi Fujiwara

“…Fish species have a variety of sex determination systems. Tunas (genus Thunnus) have an XY genetic sex determination system. …”
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Molecular Sex Identification in the Hardy Rubber Tree (Eucommia ulmoides Oliver) via ddRAD Markers by Wencai Wang, Guoqian Yang, Xin Deng, Fengqing Shao, Yongquan Li, Wei Guo, Hong Liang, Xianzhi Zhang

“…In this study, double-digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD-seq) was applied to screen sex-linked molecular markers for sex identification and investigation of the sex determination system in 20 male and female E. ulmoides individual plants, respectively. …”
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Identification of the sex determination region and the development of a marker to distinguish males and females in megai abalone (Haliotis gigantea) by Taito Kina, Motoyuki Hara, Shotaro Hirase, Kiyoshi Kikuchi

“…In the divergent region, male-specific SNPs were identified but no female-specific SNPs were detected, indicating that this species has an XX-XY sex determination system. By exploring Indel polymorphisms in the divergent region, we successfully developed a codominant PCR marker for sex identification that could be applied to wild individuals from geographically distant locations. …”
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Detection of genetic sex using a qPCR-based method in the bigfin reef squid (Sepioteuthis lessoniana) by Yi-Chien Lee, Li-Lun Tang, Yu-Chen Yeh, Hau-Wen Li, Huei-Mien Ke, Cheng-Ju Yang, Chun-I Chiang, Chia-Hui Wang, Yung-Che Tseng, Ching-Fong Chang, Isheng Jason Tsai, Guan-Chung Wu

“…Analysis of the female and male genome coverage along the assembly confirms a ZZ/Z0 female hemizygous sex-determination system in bigfin reef squid. We identified Z chromosome linked regions and developed a quantitative PCR (qPCR)-based method to measure the copy number variance of these Z-specific regions, normalized by autosomal regions, with ratios of 1:0.5 in ZZ males and Z0 females, respectively. …”
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