Long-Term Outcome of an HIV-Treatment Programme in Rural Africa: Viral Suppression despite Early Mortality by Roos E. Barth, Hugo A. Tempelman, Robert Moraba, Andy I. M. Hoepelman

“…Biannual monitoring, including HIV-RNA testing, was performed. Primary endpoint was patient retention; virological suppression (HIV-RNA < 50 copies/mL) and failure (HIV-RNA > 1000 copies/mL) were secondary endpoints. …”
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LMW Heparin Prevents Increased Kidney Expression of Proinflammatory Mediators in (NZBxNZW)F1 Mice by Annica Hedberg, Premasany Kanapathippillai, Ole Petter Rekvig, Kristin Andreassen Fenton

“…In this study we investigated the effect of LMW heparin on renal cytokine and chemokine expression and on nucleosome-mediated activation of nucleosome-specific splenocytes. Total mRNA extracted from kidneys of heparin-treated or -untreated B/W mice was analysed by qPCR for the expression of several cytokines, chemokines, and Toll-like receptors. …”
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CRISPR-Based Programmable Nucleic Acid-Binding Protein Technology Can Specifically Detect Fatal Tropical Disease-Causing Pathogens by Md. Rashidur Rahman, Toma Rani Majumder, Md. Aminul Islam Apu, Alok K. Paul, Afrina Afrose, Biplab Kumar Dash

“…It consists of CRISPR-associated proteins (Cas) capable of targeting virtually any specific RNA or DNA genome based on the guide RNA (gRNA) sequence. …”
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Hypermethylation of Hif3a and Ifltd1 is associated with atrial remodeling in pressure-overload murine model by Keiko Abe, Tetsuo Sasano, Yurie Soejima, Haruhisa Fukayama, Shigeru Maeda, Tetsushi Furukawa

“…A comprehensive analysis using RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) and methyl-CpG-binding domain sequencing (MBD-Seq) in the left atrial tissue identified Hif3a and Ifltd1 as showing increased DNA methylation in their promoter regions and decreased RNA expression. …”
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Oncometabolite D-2HG drives tumor metastasis and protumoral macrophage polarization by targeting FTO/m6A/ANGPTL4/integrin axis in triple-negative breast cancer by Siyue Zhang, Ning Zhang, Tong Wan, Yinqiao He, Jie Hao, Yiwei Liu, Yidong Liu, Bing Chen, Wenjing Zhao, Lijuan Wang, Dan Luo, Chao Gao, Qifeng Yang

“…RNA pull-down assays were further applied to identify the reader that could specifically recognize the m6A modification on angiopoietin like 4 (ANGPTL4) mRNA and RNA immunoprecipitation was used to confirm the findings. …”
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Expression of Dual-Specificity Phosphatase 9 in Placenta and Its Relationship with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus by Qiang Wei, Xiaomin Pu, Li Zhang, Yi Xu, Meifan Duan, Yuemei Wang

“…The aim of the present study was to examine placental levels of DUSP9 mRNA and protein and to investigate the potential role of DUSP9 in the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). …”
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Decreased Expression of Thyroglobulin and Sodium Iodide Symporter Genes in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis by Anna Popławska-Kita, Beata Telejko, Katarzyna Siewko, Maria Kościuszko-Zdrodowska, Natalia Wawrusewicz-Kurylonek, Adam Krętowski, Justyna Hryniewicka, Janusz Dzięcioł, Witold Bauer, Robert Milewski, Małgorzata Szelachowska, Maria Górska

“…The patients with HT had lower Tg and NIS mRNA (P=0.002 and P=0.001, resp.), as well as higher TNFα mRNA expression (P=0.049) than the controls. …”
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Comprehensive genome-scale CRISPR knockout screening of CHO cells by Sung Wook Shin, Su Hyun Kim, Aghiles Gasselin, Gyun Min Lee, Jae Seong Lee

“…In the present study, we conducted a genome-scale pooled CRISPR knockout (KO) screening using a virus-free, recombinase-mediated cassette exchange-based platform in CHO-K1 host and CHO-K1 derived recombinant cells. Genome-wide guide RNA (gRNA) amplicon sequencing data were generated from cell libraries, as well as short- and long-term KO libraries, and validated through phenotypic assessment and gRNA read count distribution. …”
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miR-212 Promotes Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy through Regulating Transcription Factor 7 Like 2 by Jinxia Yuan, Guoliang Yuan

“…In the successfully constructed rat model of abdominal aortic constriction and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, ANP and myh7 were dramatically increased, myh6 expression was decreased, and miRNA-212 expression was increased. Overexpression of miRNA-212 in cardiomyocytes can promote cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, while knocking down miR-212 in cardiomyocytes can partially reverse cell hypertrophy. …”
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circ-SIRT1 Promotes Colorectal Cancer Proliferation and EMT by Recruiting and Binding to eIF4A3 by Xiangjie Wang, Shuang Liu, Bin Xu, Yabin Liu, Peng Kong, Changlin Li, Binghui Li

“…Circular RNA (circRNA), a recently identified type of endogenous noncoding RNA, has been implicated in the occurrence and development of a variety of tumors; however, whether circ-SIRT1, derived from pre-mRNA of the parental SIRT1 gene, is involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unknown, as do the potential underlying mechanisms. …”
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Circ_0044516 Regulates miR-136/MAT2A Pathway to Facilitate Lung Cancer Development by Yue-Wei Chen, Qiu-Rong Du, Yu-Juan He, Wen-Shu Chen, Wen-Yang Jiang, Qi Gui, Cheng-Cheng Xu, Wei Wang, Hong-Yun Cheng

“…Circular RNA (circRNA) is a type of noncoding RNA that can interact with miRNAs to regulate gene expression. …”
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Neurocognitive Impairment in HIV-Infected Naïve Patients with Advanced Disease: The Role of Virus and Intrathecal Immune Activation by Monica Airoldi, Alessandra Bandera, Daria Trabattoni, Benedetta Tagliabue, Beatrice Arosio, Alessandro Soria, Veronica Rainone, Giuseppe Lapadula, Giorgio Annoni, Mario Clerici, Andrea Gori

“…ART greatly reduced HIV-RNA in all patients. Nevertheless, IL-6 and MIP-1β remained elevated after 12 weeks of therapy in HAND patients, in whom CSF HIV RNA decay was slower than the plasmatic one as well. …”
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Novel Roles of the Picornaviral 3D Polymerase in Viral Pathogenesis by Jason Kerkvliet, Ramakrishna Edukulla, Moses Rodriguez

“…The RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase, 3Dpol, is an essential component in the picornavirus genome for the replication of single stranded RNA. …”
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Alu Mobile Elements: From Junk DNA to Genomic Gems by Sami Dridi

“…However, recent findings that these mobile elements are transcribed, both as distinct RNA polymerase III transcripts and as a part of RNA polymerase II transcripts, suggest biological functions and refute the notion that Alus are biologically unimportant. …”
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The mean and noise of stochastic gene transcription with cell division by Qi Wang, Lifang Huang, Kunwen Wen, Jianshe Yu

“…In this paper, we study the impact of cell division on the mean and noise of mRNA numbers by using a two-state stochastic model of transcription. …”
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Productive Entry Pathways of Human Rhinoviruses by Renate Fuchs, Dieter Blaas

“…Alternatively, the endosome is disrupted and the RNA freely diffuses into the cytoplasm.…”
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Axon regeneration: an issue of translation by Schaeffer, Julia, Belin, Stephane

“…However, it is now well described that mRNA and protein levels correlate only partially in cells, and that the transcription process (from DNA to mRNA) may not directly reflect protein expression. …”
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Comprehensive genome annotation of Trilocha varians, a new model species of Lepidopteran insects by Jung Lee, Toshiaki Fujimoto, Katsushi Yamaguchi, Shuji Shigenobu, Ken Sahara, Toru Shimada

“…ATAC-seq was also conducted to determine chromatin accessibility across the genome. Finally, piRNA-targeted small RNA-seq revealed T. varians genome harbours 517 piRNA clusters (piCs). …”
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The Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant SkQ1 Downregulates Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Dependent Genes in the Retina of OXYS Rats with AMD-Like Retinopathy by M. L. Perepechaeva, A. Yu. Grishanova, E. A. Rudnitskaya, N. G. Kolosova

“…Dietary supplementation with SkQ1 decreased the AhR mRNA level in both OXYS and Wistar rats. At baseline, the retinal Cyp1a1 mRNA level was lower in OXYS rats. …”
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Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Enhance Neuronal Differentiation in Cultured Rat Neural Stem Cells by Masanori Katakura, Michio Hashimoto, Toshiyuki Okui, Hossain Md Shahdat, Kentaro Matsuzaki, Osamu Shido

“…Treatment with AA decreased Hes1 mRNA but did not affect NeuroD and Map2 mRNA levels. …”
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