Fitness costs of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to rifampicin is compensated by rapid Th2 polarization mediated by early and high IL-4 production during mice infection by Ma. Fernanda Arce-Aceves, Roberto Espinosa-Neira, Dulce A. Mata-Espinosa, Jorge A. Barrios-Payan, Hugo G. Castelán-Sánchez, Sofía L. Alcaraz-Estrada, Mauricio Castañón-Arreola, Rogelio Hernández-Pando

“…Abstract It was a general belief that drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) was associated with lesser virulence, particularly rifampicin resistance, which is usually produced by mutations in the RNA polymerase Beta subunit (RpoB). Interestingly, this kind of bacterial mutations affect gene transcription with significant effects on bacterial physiology and metabolism, affecting also the bacterial antigenic constitution that in consequence can produce diverse immune responses and disease outcome. …”
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Compilation and functional classification of telomere length-associated genes in humans and other animal species by E. V. Ignatieva, N. S. Yudin, D. M. Larkin

“…Functional analysis has shown that telomere length can be influenced by genetic variants in the genes encoding: (1) structural components of telomerase; (2) the protein components of telomeric regions (shelterin and CST complexes); (3) the proteins involved in telomerase biogenesis and regulating its activity; (4) the proteins that regulate the functional activity of the shelterin components; (5) the proteins involved in telomere replication and/or capping; (6) the proteins involved in the alternative telomere lengthening; (7) the proteins that respond to DNA damage and are responsible for DNA repair; (8) RNA-exosome components. The human genes identified by several research groups in populations of different ethnic origins are the genes encoding telomerase components such as TERC and TERT as well as STN1 encoding the CST complex component. …”
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干扰素-α/β体外增敏替莫唑胺对MGMT阳性胶质瘤干细胞作用

“…对MGMT阳性胶质瘤干细胞生长抑制实验显示,干扰素-α/β作用后提高了替莫唑胺的化疗敏感性,杀伤效应显著增强;RT-PCR、Western-blot检测结果表明,干扰素-α/β作用后,MGMT阳性胶质瘤干细胞NF-κB、MGMT 在mRNA及蛋白水平表达均明显降低。【结论】 对于MGMT阳性的胶质瘤干细胞,干扰素-α/β能够显著增加替莫唑胺的抗肿瘤效应,其机制可能是干扰素-α/β干预后,下调NF-KB的表达,从而降低了MGMT的转录表达,逆转替莫唑胺的化疗耐药。…”
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Genetic and metabolic factors influencing skin yellowness in yellow-feathered broilers by Rongqin Huang, Xianqi Deng, Jingwen Wu, Wen Luo

“…This study identified lutein as the primary carotenoid in the skin and established serum lutein concentration as a molecular marker for predicting skin yellowness in carcasses. Through RNA sequencing of broilers with varying yellowness, we identified key genes like CYP26A1, CYP1B1, CYP2C18, CYP2W1, HSD17B2, AOX1, KMO, PLIN1, and RET, which may regulate carotenoid absorption and deposition. …”
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β-巯基乙醇和bFGF分别诱导大鼠骨髓基质干细胞 成神经元样细胞的生物学性状

“…【目的】 比较β-巯基乙醇(BME)和bFGF分别诱导大鼠骨髓基质干细胞(MSC)所分化神经元样细胞的生物学性状65377; 【方法】 BME和bFGF分别作用于大鼠的MSC,分别于9 h和5 d后,进行神经元样细胞的细胞计数,然后用免疫荧光进行神经元特异性蛋白NF200的鉴定,RT-PCR的方法分析神经元特异性基因NF的表达;Western blotting对检测神经元特异性蛋白NF200的表达65377;【结果】 BME诱导的细胞在加入药物1 h后形态发生改变,9 h时有突起伸出,胞体变亮; bFGF诱导的细胞在诱导后第3天开始有突起伸出,呈神经元样,第5天突起之间相互连接,第7天胞体死亡;而两种药物所分化的神经元样细胞NF200的免疫荧光均成阳性,但bFGF诱导的神经元样细胞的阳性率要显著高于BME所诱导的神经元样细胞; 在RT-PCR中,bFGF诱导的神经元样细胞神经元特异性基因NF200的表达要高于BME所诱导的细胞; western blotting中,bFGF诱导的神经元样细胞神经元特异性蛋白NF200的表达要高于BME所诱导的细胞65377; 【结论】 bFGF和BME均可诱导MSC分化为神经元样细胞65377;但bFGF所诱导的神经元样细胞在从形态上更接近于神经元,而神经元特异性基因NF200 mRNA及神经元特异性蛋白NF200蛋白的表达,均高于BME所诱导的细胞65377;…”
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The Influence of Monoamine Oxidase Variants on the Risk of Betel Quid-Associated Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer by Ping-Ho Chen, Bin Huang, Tien-Yu Shieh, Yan-Hsiung Wang, Yuk-Kwan Chen, Ju-Hui Wu, Jhen-Hao Huang, Chun-Chia Chen, Ka-Wo Lee

“…A significant trend of MAO-A mRNA expression was found in in vitro studies. Using paired human tissues, we confirmed the significantly decreased expression of MAO-A and MAO-B in cancerous tissues when compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues. …”
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Enhanced adherence counselling completion rates, viral load suppression in people with HIV in Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis by Hafidha M. Bakari, Oluwafemi Alo, Mariam S. Mbwana, Swalehe M. Salim, Zuhura M. Ally, Rahma Musoke, Emilie Ludeman, Taylor Lascko, Natalia Blanco, Habib O. Ramadhani

“…Participants who attended three EAC sessions were considered to have completed and VLS was defined as HIV-RNA < 1000 copies/ml. Using random effects models, we computed pooled prevalence estimates with a 95% confidence interval (CI). …”
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Shenlian (SL) Decoction, a Traditional Chinese Medicine Compound, May Ameliorate Blood Glucose via Mediating the Gut Microbiota in db/db Mice by Rui-xi Sun, Wei-jun Huang, Yao Xiao, Dou-dou Wang, Guo-hua Mu, He Nan, Bo-ran Ni, Xiao-qiang Huang, Hsuan-chuan Wang, Yi-fan Liu, Qiang Fu, Jin-xi Zhao

“…To explore the effect of SL decoction on intestinal microbiota, gut microbiota of mice was analyzed by sequencing the gut bacterial 16S rRNA V3+V4 region and metagenomics. In this study, results demonstrated that SL decoction had a better hypoglycemic effect and β cell protection effect than either ginseng or Coptis chinensis. …”
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Polyp and tumor microenvironment reprogramming in colorectal cancer: insights from mucosal bacteriome and metabolite crosstalk by Hadi Feizi, Hossein Samadi Kafil, Andrey Plotnikov, Vladimir Kataev, Alexander Balkin, Ekaterina Filonchikova, Mohammad Ahangarzadeh Rezaee, Reza Ghotaslou, Mohammad Sadrkabir, Hiva Kadkhoda, Fadhil S. Kamounah, Sergei Nikitin

“…Methods Sixty samples including healthy (H), adenomatous polyps (AP), adenomatous polyps-adjacent (APA), cancer tumor (CT), and cancer tumor-adjacent (CA) tissues were collected and analyzed by 16 S rRNA sequencing and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Results Our results revealed that the bacteriome and metabolites of the H, AP, and CT groups were significantly different. …”
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Histone Arginine Methylation-Mediated Epigenetic Regulation of Discoidin Domain Receptor 2 Controls the Senescence of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Zhenyu Xu, Wenming Wu, Fang Shen, Yue Yu, Yue Wang, Charlie Xiang

“…Moreover, in vitro cultured late-passage hBM-MSCs showed significant downregulation of DDR2 compared to their early-passage counterparts, and siRNA inhibition of DDR2 expression recapitulated features of senescence in early-passage hBM-MSCs. …”
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基于Illumina MiSeq的麋鹿粪样菌群多样性分析 by 李俊芳, 白冰, 孟庆辉, 程志斌, 单云芳, 刘田, 钟震宇

“…为探究麋鹿（<italic>Elaphurus davidianus</italic>）肠道菌群的结构和组成，为麋鹿消化道疾病防治提供有价值的基础数据，应用Illumina MiSeq对4个麋鹿栖息地32只麋鹿粪便样本的16S rRNA的V3—V4可变区进行扩增，结合样本的OTU种类及丰度，用R软件进行聚类和主成分分析（PCA），并计算多样性指数。…”
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Biochanin a modulates steroidogenesis and cellular metabolism in human granulosa cells through TAS2Rs activation: a spotlight on ovarian function by Francesca Paola Luongo, Sofia Passaponti, Alesandro Haxhiu, Irene Ortega Baño, Rosetta Ponchia, Giuseppe Morgante, Paola Piomboni, Alice Luddi

“…Results BCA treatment significantly upregulated TAS2R14 and TAS2R43 expression, leading to a 70% increase in StAR mRNA levels and a twofold increase in CYP17A1 expression (p < 0.05). …”
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Repression of PFKFB3 sensitizes ovarian cancer to PARP inhibitors by impairing homologous recombination repair by Yinan Xiao, Yu Wu, Qilong Wang, Mo Li, Chaolin Deng, Xiaoyang Gu

“…CRISPR-Cas9 and pharmacological inhibitors were employed to inhibit PFKFB3, and the effects on PARPi resistance, homologous recombination (HR) repair efficiency, and DNA damage were evaluated. RNA sequencing and proximity labeling were employed to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying PFKFB3-mediated resistance. …”
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Actin Alpha 2 (ACTA2) Downregulation Inhibits Neural Stem Cell Migration through Rho GTPase Activation by Ji Zhang, Xuheng Jiang, Chao Zhang, Jun Zhong, Xuanyu Fang, Huanhuan Li, Fangke Xie, Xiaofei Huang, Xiaojun Zhang, Quan Hu, Hongfei Ge, Anyong Yu

“…Meanwhile, downregulated ACTA2 using siRNA inhibited NSC migration through hindering actin filament polymerization via increasing RhoA expression and decreasing Rac1 expression. …”
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Metabolites Profiling of Soil Actinomycetes with Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities by Ram Prabodh Yadav, Bibek Raj Bhattarai, Rabin Budhathoki, Padamlal Budthapa, Monika Rana, Rubin Thapa Magar, Bijaya Bahadur Thapa, Akkal Dev Mishra, Niranjan Parajuli

“…These strains were identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Streptomyces sp. PY40, Streptomyces sp. …”
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Deformed wing virus coopts the host arginine kinase to enhance its fitness in honey bees (Apis mellifera) by Andrea Becchimanzi, Giovanna De Leva, Rosanna Mattossovich, Serena Camerini, Marialuisa Casella, Giovanni Jesu, Ilaria Di Lelio, Sabrina Di Giorgi, Joachim R. de Miranda, Anna Valenti, Silvia Gigliotti, Francesco Pennacchio

“…Here, we investigated in more detail the relationship between DWV and this protein. We found that argK RNA level positively correlates with DWV load in field-collected honey bee larvae and adults and significantly increases in adults upon DWV injection in controlled laboratory conditions, indicating that the argK gene was upregulated by DWV infection. …”
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Dopamine receptors and key elements of the neurotrophins (BDNF, CDNF) expression patterns during critical periods of ontogenesis in the brain structures of mice with autism-like be... by P. D. Pravikova, M. A. Arssan, E. A. Zalivina, E. M. Kondaurova, E. A. Kulikova, I. I. Belokopytova, V. S. Naumenko

“…A decrease in the expression of Cdnf, Bdnf and its receptor Ntrkb2, as well as dopamine receptors (Drd1, Drd2) was detected in BTBR mice in the postnatal period of ontogenesis mainly in the frontal cortex, while in the hippocampus of mature mice (p60), only a decrease in the Drd2 mRNA level was revealed. The obtained results suggest that the decrease in the expression levels of CDNF, BDNF-TrkB and dopamine receptors in the frontal cortex in the postnatal period can lead to significant changes in both the morphology of neurons and dopamine neurotransmission in cortical brain structures. …”
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Kojic Acid Derivative as an Antimitotic Agent That Selectively Kills Tumour Cells by Giuseppina Pichiri, Marco Piludu, Terenzio Congiu, Nicole Grandi, Pierpaolo Coni, Monica Piras, Mariusz Jaremko, Joanna Izabela Lachowicz

“…Light and electron microscopy observations were supported by the next generation sequencing (NGS), cytoflow, and spectroscopy analysis of mRNA and biomolecules, respectively. <b>Results:</b> The light and electron microscopy observations showed that L1 treatment leads to significant morphological changes in Caco2 cells, which are characteristic of mitosis arrest. …”
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圈养梅花鹿肠道菌群组成的性别差异 by 史倍宁, 赵耀, 林子涵, 田佳欣, 孙嘉, 马雅雯, 刘振生, 滕丽微

“…为探究圈养梅花鹿（<italic>Cervus nippon</italic>）肠道菌群的结构、多样性以及肠道菌群组成的性别差异，利用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序平台对10只圈养健康梅花鹿粪便中的细菌16S rRNA V3—V4区扩增子进行PCR扩增，采用生物信息学手段以性别作为分组因素，分析雄、雌圈养梅花鹿肠道菌群的结构、多样性和差异物种。…”
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Altered Expression of Hematopoiesis Regulatory Molecules in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Patients with Aplastic Anemia by Chandra Prakash Chaturvedi, Naresh Kumar Tripathy, Ekta Minocha, Akhilesh Sharma, Khaliqur Rahman, Soniya Nityanand

“…We have investigated the expression of RNA transcripts of hematopoiesis regulatory molecules, viz., macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1α, stem cell factor (SCF), and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in lipopolysaccharide-induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and levels of their soluble forms in the culture supernatants of BM-MSCs and BM plasma of patients with acquired aplastic anemia (AA) (n=29) and controls (n=29). …”
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