The Maternal Microbiome Programs the m6A Epitranscriptome of the Mouse Fetal Brain and Intestine by Zhuoyu Xiao, Sun Liu, Zengguang Li, Jinru Cui, Hailan Wang, Zihan Wang, Qihuan Ren, Laixin Xia, Zhijian Wang, Yuan Li

“…Although it has been shown that the microbiome affects the mRNA m6A modification of the host, it remains unclear whether the maternal microbiome affects m6A epitranscriptome of the fetus so as to impact fetal development. …”
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Pulmonary Bacterial Communities in Surgically Resected Noncystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis Lungs Are Similar to Those in Cystic Fibrosis by Heather Maughan, Kristopher S. Cunningham, Pauline W. Wang, Yu Zhang, Marcelo Cypel, Cecilia Chaparro, D. Elizabeth Tullis, Thomas K. Waddell, Shaf Keshavjee, Mingyao Liu, David S. Guttman, David M. Hwang

“…Methods. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene libraries were constructed from lung tissue of 10 non-CF bronchiectasis and 21 CF patients, followed by DNA sequencing of isolates from each library. …”
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Qufeng epimedium decoction alleviates rheumatoid arthritis through CYLD-antagonized NF-kB activation by deubiquitinating Sirt1 by Zhiming Wu, Peng Zhang, Wenyan Huang, Yifen Zhou, Zhengliu Cao, Chunhong Wu

“…The interactions between Sirt1 and CYLD were validated through Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and RNA-FISH assay. Results: Administration with Qufeng epimedium decoction attenuated inflammatory damage, excessive proliferation, and FLSs pyroptosis in an RA rat model. …”
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A Comparison of Rice Root Microbial Dynamics in Organic and Conventional Paddy Fields by Fangming Zhu, Takehiro Kamiya, Toru Fujiwara, Masayoshi Hashimoto, Siyu Gong, Jindong Wu, Hiromi Nakanishi, Masaru Fujimoto

“…In this study, we performed amplicon sequencing targeting fungal ITS and the bacterial 16S rRNA gene to characterize and compare bacterial and fungal community dynamics of the rice root endosphere and soil in organic and conventional paddy fields. …”
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Grazing Intensity Modifies Soil Microbial Diversity and Their Co-Occurrence Networks in an Alpine Steppe, Central Tibet by Mingxue Xiang, Zepeng Liang, Yanjie Zhang, Junxi Wu, Tao Ma, Lha Duo, Xianzhou Zhang, Gang Fu

“…We used high-throughput sequencing to find the sequences of bacterial 16S rRNA and fungal ITS gene amplicons. Then, we analyzed their alpha and beta diversities and set up co-occurrence networks that show how often they occur together. …”
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Neuroprotective and Antiapoptotic Activity of Lineage-Negative Bone Marrow Cells after Intravitreal Injection in a Mouse Model of Acute Retinal Injury by Anna Machalińska, Dorota Rogińska, Ewa Pius-Sadowska, Miłosz P. Kawa, Edyta Paczkowska, Michał Rudnicki, Renata Lejkowska, Bartłomiej Baumert, Barbara Wiszniewska, Bogusław Machaliński

“…Moreover, global gene expression at day 7 was analyzed by RNA arrays. We observed that Lin−BMCs integrated into outer retinal layers improving morphological retinal structure and induced molecular changes such as downregulation of proapoptotic caspase-3 gene, a decrease in BAX/BCL-2 gene ratio, and significant elevation of BDNF expression. …”
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Phenolic compounds from Chaenomeles speciosa alleviate inflammation in lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW264.7 macrophages via the NF-κB and MAPK pathways by Fuxia Hu, Chao Liu, Fengqin Wang, Changxin Zhou, Maotong Zhu, Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse, Zhaosheng Wang

“…The extract suppressed the levels of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and the mRNA and protein expressions of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). …”
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QTL mapping of human retina DNA methylation identifies 87 gene-epigenome interactions in age-related macular degeneration by Jayshree Advani, Puja A. Mehta, Andrew R. Hamel, Sudeep Mehrotra, Christina Kiel, Tobias Strunz, Ximena Corso-Díaz, Madeline Kwicklis, Freekje van Asten, Rinki Ratnapriya, Emily Y. Chew, Dena G. Hernandez, Sandra R. Montezuma, Deborah A. Ferrington, Bernhard H. F. Weber, Ayellet V. Segrè, Anand Swaroop

“…We have analyzed array-based DNA methylation profiles of 160 human retinas with co-measured RNA-seq and >8 million genetic variants, uncovering sites of genetic regulation in cis (37,453 methylation quantitative trait loci and 12,505 expression quantitative trait loci) and 13,747 DNA methylation loci affecting gene expression, with over one-third specific to the retina. …”
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circSLC6A6 Sponges miR-497-5p to Promote Endometrial Cancer Progression via the PI4KB/Hedgehog Axis by Juan Hu, Xing Peng, Weina Du, Yichuan Huang, Chun Zhang, Xian Zhang

“…Accumulating studies indicate that circular RNAs (circRNAs) regulate the development of cancers by acting as miRNA sponges. However, the role of circRNAs in endometrial cancer (EC) is rarely reported. …”
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High-Intensity Interval Training Improves Physical Function, Prevents Muscle Loss, and Modulates Macrophage-Mediated Inflammation in Skeletal Muscle of Cerebral Ischemic Mice by Lu Luo, Meixi Liu, Hongyu Xie, Yunhui Fan, Jingjun Zhang, Li Liu, Yun Li, Qiqi Zhang, Junfa Wu, Congyu Jiang, Yi Wu

“…Furthermore, HIIT was superior to MOD in terms of reducing lipid accumulation, levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in paretic gastrocnemius, and improving peripheral blood CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio, level of IL-10. Additionally, RNA-seq analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes among HIIT, MOD, and MCAO groups were highly associated with signaling pathways involved in inflammatory response, more specifically the I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling. …”
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Higher gut Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria population in early pregnancy is associated with lower risk of gestational diabetes in the second trimester by Seyedeh Neda Mousavi, Navid Momeni, Hossein Chiti, Howra Mahmoodnasab, Mohammad Ahmadi, Siamak Heidarzadeh

“…The dominant phylum population was determined based on 16SrRNA gene expression. Results Mothers with lower Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria population in the first trimester were more susceptible to GDM in the screening time (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001). …”
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Effect of afzelin on inflammation and lipogenesis in particulate matter-stimulated C. acnes-treated SZ95 sebocytes by Ji Yeon Hong, Yong Hee Choi, Yoon Jin Roh, Mi-Kyung Lee, Christos C. Zouboulis, Kui Young Park

“…Intracellular lipid droplet formation was investigated using Nile Red O staining.ResultsPM treatment upregulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of inflammatory cytokine and lipogenic genes in C. acnes-treated SZ95 sebocytes. …”
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Changes in Gastric Smooth Muscle Cell Contraction during Pregnancy: Effect of Estrogen by Othman A. Al-Shboul, Hanan J. Al-Rshoud, Ahmed N. Al-Dwairi, Mohammad A. Alqudah, Mahmoud A. Alfaqih, Ayman G. Mustafa, Mohammad Jaafar

“…Single GSMC from early-pregnant and late-pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Protein and mRNA expression levels of ERs were measured via specifically designed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. …”
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Berberine Protects against Palmitate-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction: Involvements of Upregulation of AMPK and eNOS and Downregulation of NOX4 by Ming Zhang, Chun-Mei Wang, Jing Li, Zhao-Jie Meng, Sheng-Nan Wei, Ji Li, Richard Bucala, Yu-Lin Li, Li Chen

“…Nitric oxide (NO) level and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were determined in supernatants or in the cultured HUVECs. The mRNA level of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was measured by RT-PCR, and the protein levels of eNOS, p-eNOS, Akt, p-Akt, AMPK, p-AMPK, and NADPH oxidase (NOX4) were analyzed. …”
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Targeted Polymer–Peptide Conjugates for E-Selectin Blockade in Renal Injury by Nenad Milošević, Marie Rütter, Yvonne Ventura, Valeria Feinshtein, Ayelet David

“…Results: We found that the mRNA levels of E-selectin were up-regulated in the kidney following acute and chronic tissue injury. …”
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Utilizing AI for the Identification and Validation of Novel Therapeutic Targets and Repurposed Drugs for Endometriosis by Bonnie Hei Man Liu, Yuezhen Lin, Xi Long, Sze Wan Hung, Anna Gaponova, Feng Ren, Alex Zhavoronkov, Frank W. Pun, Chi Chiu Wang

“…GBP2, HCK, and ITGB2 are upregulated in human endometriotic specimens. siRNA‐mediated knockdown of GBP2 and HCK significantly reduced cell viability and proliferation while stimulating apoptosis in endometrial stromal cells. …”
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Long-read sequencing revealed complex biallelic pentanucleotide repeat expansions in RFC1-related Parkinson’s disease by Peng Liu, Fan Zhang, Xinhui Chen, Xiaosheng Zheng, Miao Chen, Zhiru Lin, Shuqi Chen, Lebo Wang, Xinchen Wang, Nan Jin, Chenxin Ying, Fei Xie, Bo Wang, Sheng Wu, Zhidong Cen, Wei Luo

“…Long-read sequencing revealed a novel repeat configuration of (AGGGG)exp(AAGGG)14 and a possible somatic variant of (AAGGG)exp(AATGG)exp(AAGGG)exp in the (AAGGG)exp alleles in two RFC1-related PD patients. RNA foci were detected in the (AGGGG)exp-expressed HEK293T cell line as well as (AAGGG)exp and (ACAGG)exp, supporting (AGGGG)exp as a novel pathogenic repeat motif. …”
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Transcriptome and DNA methylation analysis of the goat pineal gland during puberty by Bochao Zhang, Genbao Zhu, Jianling Wu, Huihui Xie, Jiankun Cui, Wei Qian, Qing Yi, Fuqiang Pan, Fugui Fang, Yinghui Ling, Yunhai Zhang, Yunsheng Li, Ya Liu

“…To screen pineal gland candidate genes related to the onset of goat puberty and regulated by genome methylation, we collected pineal glands from prepubertal and pubertal female goats, then, determined the DNA methylation profile by whole genome bisulfite sequencing and the transcriptome by RNA sequencing on Illumina HiSeqTM2500. We analyzed differentially expressed genes between the Pre group and Pub group using the DESeq2 software (version 1.20.0), and applied the Benjamini and Hochberg method for adjusting P-values. …”
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Blockade of Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway Aggravated Silica-Induced Lung Inflammation through Tregs Regulation on Th Immune Responses by Wujing Dai, Fangwei Liu, Chao Li, Yiping Lu, Xiaowei Lu, Sitong Du, Ying Chen, Dong Weng, Jie Chen

“…To investigate the role of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, we used lentivirus expressing β-catenin shRNA to block the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by intratracheal instillation to the mice model of silicosis. …”
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Targeting Cytokine-Mediated Inflammation in Brain Disorders: Developing New Treatment Strategies by Rahul Mallick, Sanjay Basak, Premanjali Chowdhury, Prasenjit Bhowmik, Ranjit K. Das, Antara Banerjee, Sujay Paul, Surajit Pathak, Asim K. Duttaroy

“…Novel approaches, including cytokine-specific inhibitors, antibody-based therapeutics, gene- and RNA-based interventions, and sophisticated drug delivery systems like nanoparticles, show promise with respect to lowering neuroinflammation with greater specificity and safety. …”
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