How close is autophagy-targeting therapy for Alzheimer's disease to clinical use? A summary of autophagy modulators in clinical studies by Sofia Miranda Fernandes, Johanna Mayer, Per Nilsson, Makoto Shimozawa

“…Autophagy is an intracellular self-digesting system responsible for the degradation of protein aggregates and damaged organelles. Impaired autophagy is observed in most neurodegenerative disorders, indicating the link between autophagy dysfunction and these diseases. …”
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Microglial Lyzl4 Facilitates β‐Amyloid Clearance in Alzheimer's Disease by Jie Pan, Jie Zhong, Ji Geng, Jane Oberhauser, Shihua Shi, Jun Wan

“…However, microglia, the primary immune cells of the central nervous system, are known to maintain homeostasis through the phagocytic clearance of protein aggregates and cellular debris. In this study, RNA sequencing analysis and live cell functional screens are employed to uncover microglial genetic modifiers related to AD. …”
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Advances in synaptic PET imaging and intervention with synapse-targeted small-molecular drugs for dementia diagnosis and therapy by Xiuhong Lu, Bin Ji, Gang Huang, Hong Ding

“…Repeated failure of dementia clinical trials with therapeutic drugs targeting abnormal protein aggregates has caused researchers to shift their focus to synaptic functions and increased the importance of clinically available imaging for synaptic density and the development of synapse-targeted intervention. …”
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Engineering a membrane protein chaperone to ameliorate the proteotoxicity of mutant huntingtin by Jeonghyun Oh, Christy Catherine, Eun Seon Kim, Kwang Wook Min, Hae Chan Jeong, Hyojin Kim, Mijin Kim, Seung Hae Ahn, Nataliia Lukianenko, Min Gu Jo, Hyeon Seok Bak, Sungsu Lim, Yun Kyung Kim, Ho Min Kim, Sung Bae Lee, Hyunju Cho

“…Abstract Toxic protein aggregates are associated with various neurodegenerative diseases, including Huntington’s disease (HD). …”
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MAP1B Interaction with the FW Domain of the Autophagic Receptor Nbr1 Facilitates Its Association to the Microtubule Network by Katie Marchbank, Sarah Waters, Roland G. Roberts, Ellen Solomon, Caroline A. Whitehouse

“…Selective autophagy is a process whereby specific targeted cargo proteins, aggregates, or organelles are sequestered into double-membrane-bound phagophores before fusion with the lysosome for protein degradation. …”
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Dysregulation of the Autophagy-Endolysosomal System in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Related Motor Neuron Diseases by Asako Otomo, Lei Pan, Shinji Hadano

“…Although it remains to be determined whether disease-associated protein aggregates have a toxic or protective role in the pathogenesis, the formation of them results from the imbalance between generation and degradation of misfolded proteins within neuronal cells. …”
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Distinct cellular toxicity of two mutant huntingtin mRNA variants due to translation regulation. by Haifei Xu, Juan Ji An, Baoji Xu

“…We found that mutant mRNA containing the short 3'UTR produced more protein aggregates and caused more apoptosis in both cultured neurons and HEK293 cells, compared with mutant mRNA containing the long 3'UTR. …”
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Conformational and Functional Properties of Soybean Proteins Produced by Extrusion-Hydrolysis Approach by Wenjun Ma, Baokun Qi, Rokayya Sami, Lianzhou Jiang, Yang Li, Hui Wang

“…The increase of molecular weights could be attributed to the formation of protein aggregates during extrusion. Extrusion and enzymatic hydrolysis led to a sharp increase in the number of disulfide bonds with a decrease of the sulphydryl group. …”
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Oligonucleotide-Based Therapy for FTD/ALS Caused by the C9orf72 Repeat Expansion: A Perspective by Stephanie A. Fernandes, Andrew G. L. Douglas, Miguel A. Varela, Matthew J. A. Wood, Yoshitsugu Aoki

“…Two basic mechanisms have been proposed as being potentially responsible for c9FTD/ALS: loss-of-function of the protein encoded by this gene (associated with aberrant DNA methylation) and gain of function through the formation of RNA foci or protein aggregates. These diseases currently lack any cure or effective treatment. …”
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Resistive pulse sensing of pre-nucleation activities during single-entity lysozyme crystallization on single nanopipettes by Yusuff Balogun, Ruoyu Yang, Gangli Wang

“…Our focus is on understanding the translocation and/or transformation of protein aggregates through nanopores prior to the irreversible nucleation. …”
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Proteostasis Decline and Redox Imbalance in Age-Related Diseases: The Therapeutic Potential of NRF2 by Brigitta Buttari, Antonella Tramutola, Ana I. Rojo, Niki Chondrogianni, Sarmistha Saha, Alessandra Berry, Letizia Giona, Joana P. Miranda, Elisabetta Profumo, Sergio Davinelli, Andreas Daiber, Antonio Cuadrado, Fabio Di Domenico

“…This process facilitates the clearance of toxic protein aggregates, thereby actively maintaining cellular proteostasis. …”
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Comparative study of polymeric nanoparticles and traditional agents in dental implant decontamination by Håvard J Haugen, Jaime Bueno, Badra Hussain, Raquel Osorio, Mariano Sanz

“…SEM images revealed that polymeric NPs disaggregated larger protein aggregates but did not fully decontaminate the surface. …”
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Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals characteristic feature of macrophage reprogramming in liver Mallory-Denk bodies pathogenesis by Zixuan Fang, Bei Zhong, Yi Shi, Wanmei Zhou, Maoping Huang, Samuel W. French, Xiaoping Tang, Hui Liu

“…Mallory-Denk bodies (MDBs) are protein aggregates associated with hepatic inflammation, and MDBs pathogenesis could be induced in mice by feeding 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC). …”
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Focusing on the mechanism of glycinin-soybean lipophilic protein hybrid gels: Effect of ultrasonic, subunit interactions, and formation process analysis by Yuyang Huang, Jiyuan Liu, Yongping Li, Yongsheng Zhu, Gang Chen, Baoning Zheng, Yixin Zhang, Yang Li, Xiuqing Zhu

“…Ultrasonic reduces the size of protein aggregates. This study examined the impact of glycinin (11S) subunits on soybean lipophilic proteins (SLPs) gel formation and underlying mechanisms. …”
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Modification of hempseed protein isolate using a novel two-stage method applying high-pressure homogenization coupled with high-intensity ultrasound by Ruyu Zhang, Wangang Zhang, Xuan Dong, Meng Wai Woo, Siew Young Quek

“…Further prolonging the ultrasonic time to 10 min partially loosened the protein aggregates and restored the functional properties of HPI to some extent. …”
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Current conceptions and promising tools to prevent cataractogenesis by M.A. Kovalevskaya, Yu.V. Vladimirova, L.A. Filina, V.L. Kokorev

“…Several compounds prevent the generation of lens protein aggregates and to contribute to their degradation. …”
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uN2CpolyG-mediated p65 nuclear sequestration suppresses the NF-κB-NLRP3 pathway in neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease by Yu Shen, Kaiyan Jiang, Dandan Tan, Min Zhu, Yusen Qiu, Pencheng Huang, Wenquan Zou, Jianwen Deng, Zhaoxia Wang, Ying Xiong, Daojun Hong

“…This mechanism highlights a novel therapeutic target for NIID and provides potentially broader insights into similar mechanisms in other neurodegenerative diseases characterized by misfolded protein aggregates.…”
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NPT100-18A rescues mitochondrial oxidative stress and neuronal degeneration in human iPSC-based Parkinson’s model by Julian E. Alecu, Veronika Sigutova, Razvan-Marius Brazdis, Sandra Lörentz, Marios Evangelos Bogiongko, Anara Nursaitova, Martin Regensburger, Laurent Roybon, Kerstin M. Galler, Wolfgang Wrasidlo, Beate Winner, Iryna Prots

“…Abstract Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by protein aggregates mostly consisting of misfolded alpha-synuclein (αSyn). …”
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