Unbalanced protocol recognition method based on improved residual U-Net by Jisheng WU, Zheng HONG, Tiantian MA

“…An unbalanced protocol recognition method based on the improved Residual U-Net was proposed to solve the challenge of network security posed by the increasing network attacks with the continuous development of the Internet.In the captured network traffic, a small proportion is constituted by malicious traffic, typically utilizing minority protocols.However, existing protocol recognition methods struggle to accurately identify these minority protocols when the class distribution of the protocol data is imbalanced.To address this issue, an unbalanced protocol recognition method was proposed, which utilized the improved Residual U-Net, incorporating a novel activation function and the Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks (SE-Net) to enhance the feature extraction capability.The loss function employed in the proposed model was the weighted Dice loss function.In cases where the recognition accuracies of the minority protocols were low, the loss function value would be high.Consequently, the optimization direction of the model would be dominated by the minority protocols, resulting in improved recognition accuracies for them.During the protocol recognition process, the network flow was extracted from the network traffic and preprocessed to convert it into a one-dimensional matrix.Subsequently, the protocol recognition model extracted the features of the protocol data, and the Softmax classifier predicted the protocol types.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed protocol recognition model achieves more accurate recognition of the minority protocols compared to the comparison model, while also improving the recognition accuracies of the majority protocols.…”
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Covariation Between Microbiome Composition and Host Transcriptome in the Gut of Wild Drosophila melanogaster: A Re‐Analysis by Frances Llanwarne, Adam J. Dobson

“…ABSTRACT Gut microbiota are fundamental for healthy animal function, but the evidence that host function can be predicted from microbiota taxonomy remains equivocal, and natural populations remain understudied compared to laboratory animals. …”
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Performance optimization of high-rise residential buildings in cold regions considering energy consumption by Liwei Song

“…The improved grey wolf optimization algorithm reduces training time, has better predictive ability, and can more accurately characterize changes in energy consumption of high-rise buildings. …”
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Survey of optical-based physical domain adversarial attacks and defense by CHEN Jinyin, ZHAO Xiaoming, ZHENG Haibin, GUO Haifeng

“…Deep learning models are misled into making false predictions by adversarial attacks that implant tiny perturbations into the original input, which are imperceptible to the human eye. …”
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Evolutionary Pattern of Asian HIV-1 Subtype B from 1990 to 2007: In Silico Analysis Based on Envelop Protein by Sobia Kanwal, Tariq Mahmood

“…Construction of envelop protein phylogeny by using MEGA 5 exhibit the active mutation pattern, increase in potential N-glycosylation sites which were predicted by using online software SignalP-NN. An online available tool Drawgram was used for multiple sequence alignment (MSA) of HIV-1 subtype B envelop region and V3 loop while the alignment was rechecked by using CLUSTAL W and further was analyzed for GPGX motif and conserved region in V3 loop. …”
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Brittle Fracture Model Parameter Estimation for Irradiated BCC Material through Dislocation Based Crystal Plasticity Model by Kulbir Singh, Christian Robertson, Arun Kumar Bhaduri

“…This material model accounts for both thermally activated and athermal regime dislocation mobilities in BCC materials and is capable of predicting the effect of irradiation induced defects on the mobility of the dislocations which in turn directly affect the behavior of such materials. …”
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STOCHASTIC MODEL UPDATING BASED ON THE KRIGING MODEL AND WAVELET PACKET ENERGY SPECTRUM (MT) by SUN YongPeng, PENG ZhenRui, BAI Yu

“…Then, minimize the absolute value of the difference between the test response and the predicted response as the objective function for updating mean, and minimize the cross entropy as the objective function for updating standard deviation, and updated the parameters mean and standard deviation through the political optimizer algorithm. …”
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Comparative Evaluation of Salivary Ferritin Levels as a Predictor Inflammatory Biomarker Before and After Non Surgical Periodontal Therapy- An Interventional Study by Saurabh Tembhurne, Sachin K. Malagi, Dennis V. Abraham, Kshitibhushan S. Pandaw, Arundhuti Mahato, Priyal Agrawal

“…Conclusion: Salivary ferritin levels effectively predict periodontal disease and the impact of periodontal therapy, demonstrating its potential as a valuable biomarker for diagnosing and monitoring periodontal health.…”
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Emotional - Behavioral Difficulties and Prosocial Behaviour among Vietnamese Adolescents: the Role of Social Support by Nguyen Thi Thuy

“…Through multible regression analysis, support from their families significantly predicted to decrease students' emotional and behavioural symptoms (β\< 0; p\< .05) and increasing prosocial behaviours (β\> 0; p \< .05). …”
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Peranan Persepsi Dukungan Sosial terhadap Kesejahteraan Subjektif di Sekolah pada Siswa Pondok Pesantren Modern by Hasna Thohiroh, Langgersari Elsari Novianti, Whisnu Yudiana

“…Social support is important to predict subjective well-being in school for students, especially support from friends, parents, and teachers. …”
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Clinical Implications of the Lung Ultrasound Score in Patients after Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation by Yi-Ling Zhang, Zhou Yang, Jie Cao, Yu-Long Bai, Chun-Yun Fang, Wei Wang

“…The initial LUS had good clinical value in predicting the secondary outcomes of CPR (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.353, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.018–1.797, and P = 0.037) and 72 h survival rate of patients who underwent CPR (aOR: 1.145, 95% CI: 1.014–1.294, and P = 0.029). …”
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The Mediating Roles of Resilience and Flow in Linking Basic Psychological Needs to Tertiary EFL Learners’ Engagement in the Informal Digital Learning of English: A Mixed-Methods St... by Yang Gao, Xiaochen Wang, Barry Lee Reynolds

“…Conversely, flow partially mediates this relationship, though perceived competence does not significantly predict flow in this context. Building on this, flow contributes as an intrinsic motivation driver, positive cycle creator, external pressure mitigator, and efficiency enhancer. …”
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A multiscale model for multivariate time series forecasting by Vahid Naghashi, Mounir Boukadoum, Abdoulaye Banire Diallo

“…In our framework, we further design a multi-step linear decoder to generate the final predictions for the purpose of reducing over-fitting and noise effects. …”
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EFFECT OF WELDING RESIDUAL STRESS ON CRACK PROPAGATION AND FATIGUE PERFORMANCE OF HIGH STRENGTH STEEL SPOT WELDING JOINT by LUO JiaYuan, LI Xin, TAN Chao

“…Based on the fracture mechanics theory, the improved two-parameter model is used to predict the fatigue life wit th and without residual stress. …”
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Stock Portfolio Analysis Using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) on Companies in the IDX30 Index by Suhandi Suhandi, Pardomuan Sihombing

“…The CAPM method is used to predict the return of risky securities and as a benchmark in assessing the level of investment returns. …”
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The party and political landscape of Germany after the European Parliament elections by Vladislav B. Belov

“…The interim litmus test will be the upcoming September elections to the landtags of the three East German lands, in which the victory of the AFD is predicted. …”
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LiDAR Forest Inventory with Single-Tree, Double-, and Single-Phase Procedures by Robert C. Parker, David L. Evans

“…Dbh-height and ground-LiDAR height models were used to predict dbh and compute Phase 2 estimates of basal area and volume. …”
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Small face detection based on improved YOLOv5s by ZHOU Lifang, HU Zhen, LIU Bo

“…Finally, EIoU was utilized as the loss function, which directly reduced the width and height discrepancies between predicted and actual bounding boxes, and FReLU was utilized as the activation function, which could enhance the nonlinear expressiveness of feature maps to improve the precision and stability of small face detection. …”
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Environmental Applications of Mass Spectrometry for Emerging Contaminants by Anil Kumar Meher, Akli Zarouri

“…However, recent advancements, including hybrid MS systems and the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), are paving the way for more efficient environmental monitoring and predictive modeling of contaminant behavior. Continued innovation in MS technologies and collaborative efforts are essential to overcome existing challenges and ensure sustainable solutions for mitigating the risks associated with emerging contaminants.…”
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Examining Trauma-Related Shame and Trauma Coping Self-Efficacy as Predictors of PTSD in Women in Jail by Shannon M. Lynch, Stephanie Kaplan

“…Shame (<i>β</i> = 0.372, <i>p</i> = 0.001) and TCSE (<i>β</i> = −0.375, <i>p</i> < 0 000) significantly predicted PTSD symptoms, explaining 50% of the variance in PTSD. …”
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