Tuberculosis of the thyroid gland: A rare case report by Manisha Kamlesh Galani, Kamlesh Jamnadas Galani, Swati Nileshkumar Lakhani

“…Confirmation typically involves detecting acid-fast bacilli through staining techniques like Ziehl Neelsen (ZN), molecular diagnostic methods such as TB Gene Expert or polymerase chain reaction for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB PCR), and histopathological examination of excised specimens. …”
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Tuberculous Spondylitis following Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin for Bladder Cancer by Masashi Miyazaki, Toyomi Yoshiiwa, Toshinobu Ishihara, Masanori Kawano, Hiroshi Tsumura

“…Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) was identified using multiplex polymerase chain reaction of surgical tissue specimens. The patient was started on an antituberculosis treatment regimen including isoniazid, rifampicin, and ethambutol. …”
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Validation of Customized Cancer Panel for Detecting Somatic Mutations and Copy Number Alterations by Su-Hye Choi, Seung-Hyun Jung, Yeun-Jun Chung

“…When we explored copy number alterations (CNAs), the expected CNAs were successfully detected, and this result was confirmed by target-specific genomic quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Taken together, these results support the reliability and accuracy of our cancer panel in detecting mutations. …”
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Metagenomic dna isolation from sheep feces and pcr detection of several rumen bacteria by Arif Yavuz, Dilek Özgün Ekiz, İlhami Kenger, Uğur Çömlekcioğlu

“…Anaerovibrio lipolytica, Fibrobacter succinogenes, Prevotella bryantii, Prevotella ruminicola, Ruminobacter amylophilus, Ruminococcus albus, Ruminococcus flavefaciens, Streptococcus bovis, Selenomonas ruminantium and Succinovibrio dextrinosolvens were screened using metagenomic DNA with polymerase chain reaction and spesific primers. Reaction of 16S rRNA region with SphI was carried out to confirm the absence of R. amylophilus, R. albus and S. dextrinosolvens.…”
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Association of CYP11A1 Polymorphisms with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss in the Female Population of Punjab by Amanjot Kaur Rayat, Pallvi Thapar, Mandeep Kaur, Sukhjashanpreet Singh, Anupam Kaur

“…Materials and Methods: Genotypic analysis was performed using the polymerase chain reaction – restriction fragment length polymorphism. …”
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Individual and parentage testing in horses by pcr methodology by Mehmet Nizamlıoğlu, Ercan Kurar, Ercan, Zafer Bulut, Şeref İnal, Ferudun Erzurum

“…We selected five horse microsatellite loci and used to amplify genomic DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The resulting PCR products were separated on polyacrylamide gels. …”
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Helmet Ventilation in a Child with COVID-19 and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome by Ke-Yun Chao, Chao-Yu Chen, Xiao-Ru Ji, Shu-Chi Mu, Yu-Hsuan Chien

“…The COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction test and urine antigen test for Streptococcus pneumoniae were both positive, and sputum culture yielded Pseudomonas aeruginosa. …”
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Integrated and streamlined microfluidic device for molecular diagnosis of pathogen through direct PCR amplification by Dohwan Lee, Tae Seok Seo

“…Background: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a gold-standard method widely acknowledged for offering precise and rapid analysis of genetic material, particularly having a crucial role in detecting pathogens and diagnosing infectious diseases. …”
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Vitamin D Ameliorates Impaired Wound Healing in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice by Suppressing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress by Yi Feng Yuan, Sushant K. Das, Mao Quan Li

“…Endogenous markers of ER stress were quantified using Western blot and a real-time polymerase chain reaction. Diabetic mice were treated with vitamin D (100 ng/kg per day) for 14 days. …”
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Fasciola hepatica in Some Buffaloes and Cattle by PCR and Microscopy by Sultan Ayaz, Riaz Ullah, Naser M. AbdEl-Salam, Sumiara Shams, Sadaf Niaz

“…The faecal and liver biopsy samplings were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and microscopy technique during the entire study. …”
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Navigating herpes simplex encephalitis: Family medicine perspectives from Jharkhand, India by Amit Kumar Patel, Ashok Kumar Sharma, Kumari Seema, Abhay Kumar, Manju Boipai, Rishi Tuhin Guria, Upendra Prasad Sahu, Manoj Kumar

“…Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected and processed for the detection of HSV DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as well as serum samples were collected from those patients and were processed for the detection of IgM by ELISA. …”
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Comparative molecular study of Enterococcus faecalis in endodontic treatment pre and postdiode laser application by Israa Hadi Hashim, Fatima Abood Malik, Ahmed Ghanim Mahdi

“…Objective: To detect and measure the level of Enterococcus faecalis in infected root canals during traditional cleaning techniques and after diode laser application by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Materials and Methods: Ninety samples were collected from 30 participant patients complaining of acute or chronic pulpitis with an age range of 18–50 years old; the teeth indicated endodontic treatment, including both anterior and posterior teeth. …”
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Evaluation of the efficacy of herbal (neem) and chemical (chlorhexidine) chips as local drug delivery agents in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A clinical and microbiologic... by Jammula Surya Prasanna, Jilkapally SaiPriya

“…A qualitative multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay aided in detecting red complex organisms. …”
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Low Frequency of Asymptomatic and Submicroscopic Plasmodial Infections in Urabá Region in Colombia by Carolina Rodríguez Vásquez, Sebastián Barrera Escobar, Alberto Tobón-Castaño

“…Participants responded to a survey regarding epidemiological data and blood samples were taken from capillary blood obtained by finger prick for thick smear, rapid diagnostic test (RDT), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results. 399 subjects aged 0.2-98 years were studied (median 22; 221 female (55%)). …”
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Correlation between Serum Osteopontin and miR-181a Levels in Allergic Rhinitis Children by Wenlong Liu, Qingxiang Zeng, Renzhong Luo

“…Serum was collected to examine the level of OPN and Th1/Th2 cytokines by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the level of miR-181a by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results. Children with AR had significantly higher serum levels of OPN and lower serum levels of miR-181a than healthy controls. …”
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Morphometric and genetic variations of the Poison Frog (Odorrana hosii Boulenger 1891) in Jatimulyo, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta using microsatellite markers by Enggar Pramesti Galuh, Suwartiningsih Nurul

“…Genetic analysis was performed using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with microsatellite markers Rnh-9 and Rnh-13 at the Molecular Biology Laboratory, Ahmad Dahlan University. …”
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The Relationship Between Acute Phase Reactants Levels at the Time of Admission and Comorbid Conditions with Mortality in Patients Diagnosed With Covid-19 by Öznur Köylü, Ramazan Köylü, Muhammet Ali Erinmez

“…The study included 106 patients who were admitted to the emergency department and subsequently admitted to intensive care, had a positive Covid-19 polymerase chain reaction(PCR) test and met the inclusion criteria. …”
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Incidence of Helicobacter pylori in Type l Diabetes Mellitus Patients and Association with Certain HLA Alleles by Samir S. Aljawahiry, Naer A. M. Alkaabawi, Alaa A. Jawad

“…The oligonucleotide technique of sequence-specific was performed for genotyping of HLAs using a polymerase chain reaction machine. A specific screening (H. pylori antibodies combo rapid test) is used to diagnose H. pylori infection by detection of specific antibodies in the samples. …”
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OGT-mediated O-GlcNAcylation regulates macrophage polarization in heart failure via targeting IRF1 by Guoqiang Jing, Yuhong Ma

“…After knockdown of OGT or overexpressing IRF1, macrophage polarization was evaluated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry. Underlying mechanism was analyzed using bioinformatic analysis, co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP), IP, and western blotting. …”
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Direct detection and identification of viruses in saliva using a SpecID ionization modified mass spectrometer. by Pierre Alusta, Angel Paredes, Marli Azevedo, Lisa Mullis, Dan Buzatu

“…., food additives), peptides, and even microorganisms. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) remains the gold standard for sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection in biological samples. …”
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