Acute Pancreatitis Complicating Acute Hepatitis E Virus Infection: A Case Report and Review by Hemanta Kumar Nayak, Nitish L. Kamble, Nishant Raizada, Sandeep Garg, Mradul Kumar Daga

“…The diagnosis of acute viral hepatitis E was confirmed by serology and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to demonstrate Hepatitis E virus (HEV) RNA in both stool and serum. …”
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Clinical Features and Severity of Leptospirosis Cases Reported in the Hawke’s Bay Region of New Zealand by Paul Sellors, Rebecca F. Watson, Rachel Bate, Gemma L. Bentham, Kathryn Haigh

“…Inclusion criteria were IgM positivity and diagnosis confirmed with either polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or microscopic agglutination test (MAT). …”
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Issues occult hepatitis B virus infection by I. A. Morozov, L. Yu. Ilchenko, N. I. Gromova, I. G. Fyedorov, I. V. Gordeychuk, A. K. Knyazhentseva, E. V. Zverkova, M. I. Mikhaylov

“…Molecular biologic enzymelinked immunoassay (ELISA), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and morphological (immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy) methods were utilized for diagnostics.Results. …”
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A Case of Leptospirosis-Associated Severe Pulmonary Hemorrhagic Syndrome Successfully Treated with Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation by Nao Umei, Shingo Ichiba

“…The leptospirosis diagnosis was confirmed by leptospiral DNA detection in urine samples by polymerase chain reaction and the results of paired serum antibody titer testing. …”
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Stable Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of Maritime Pine Based on Kanamycin Selection by José M. Alvarez, Ricardo J. Ordás

“…Evidence of the stable transgene integration was obtained by polymerase chain reaction for the nptII and uidA genes and expression of the uidA gene. …”
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Assessment of the First Commercial ELISA Kit for the Diagnosis of Theileria annulata by Amira A. T. Al-Hosary, Jabbar Ahmed, Ann Nordengrahn, Malik Merza

“…As a reference test, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay depending on T. annulata merozoite surface antigen (Tams-1) was applied. …”
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Characterization of Ex Vivo Expanded Oral Mucosal Epithelium Cells on Acellular Porcine Corneal Stroma for Ocular Surface Reconstruction by Jia-Song Wang, Hua-Tao Xie, Ming-Chang Zhang

“…Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the characterization of stem cells and epithelial differentiation of the outgrowth products. …”
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COVID-19 in Coincidence with Transient Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis in an Infant by Seyedeh-Kiana Razavi-Amoli, Hamid Mohammadjafari, Daniel Zamanfar, Mohammad Reza Navaeifar, Zahra Sadati-Lamradi, Mohammad Sadegh Rezai

“…The primary lab test showed leukocytosis, neutrophilia, elevated inflammatory markers, and non-anion-gap metabolic acidosis. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and elevated SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin M confirmed COVID-19, while echocardiography and spiral chest computed tomography scan were normal. …”
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Anti-amoebic effects of selected herbal extracts against Acanthamoeba species isolated from different borehole water samples from Budiriro District in Harare, Zimbabwe by Kudzai Fambisai, Petros Muchesa, Farisai Chidzwondo, Rumbidzai Mangoyi

“…Acanthamoeba castellannii species were isolated and confirmed present in Budiriro borehole water samples using non-nutrient agar, microscope, real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and gel electrophoresis. The selected plant samples, Murumanyama (Xeroderris stuhlmannii) bark extract, Munhundurwa (Solanum incanum) fruit extract and Mufandichimuka (Myrothamnus flabellifolius) stem and leaf extracts were then investigated for their anti-amoebic effects against the isolated Acanthamoeba castellannii, using agar well diffusion method. …”
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Analysis on the Susceptibility Genes in Two Chinese Pedigrees with Familial Parkinson's Disease by Changshui Xu, Jun Xu, Yanmin Zhang, Jianjun Ma, Hideshi Kawakami, Hirofumi Maruyama, Masaki Kamada

“…Fifty-one genomic DNA samples extracted from two Chinese pedigrees with FPD, the alpha-synuclein genes (SNCA), the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2(LRRK2), PINK1(PTEN-induced putative kinase 1), PARK7(Protein DJ1), PARK2(Parkinson juvenile disease protein 2), the glucocerebrosidase (GBA), and ATP(Ezrin-binding protein PACE-1), were sequenced by the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The gene dose of SNCA was checked. …”
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The Role of PCR in Diagnosis of a Rare Appendicular Tuberculosis and Mini Literature Review by Asmerom Tesfamariam Sengal, Ahmed Abdalla Mohamedani, Hanan Hasaan Hussein, Alaa Kamal

“…To confirm the diagnosis, molecular biology [polymerase chain reaction (PCR)] study was performed from the formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) appendicular tissue and revealed presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. …”
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Expression of protein phosphatase 4 in different tissues under hypoxia by Yanyan Ma, Jing Hou, Dengliang Huang, Yaogang Zhang, Zhe Liu, Meiyuan Tian

“…Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot were used to detect the changes of protein phosphatase 4 catalytic subunit (PP4C) gene and protein in heart, lung, and brain tissues. …”
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Hsa_circ_0003220 Drives Chemoresistance of Human NSCLC Cells by Modulating miR-489-3p/IGF1 by Shaofeng Xia, Chenliang Wang

“…The NSCLC cell lines H460 and A549 were employed in present work. hsa_circ_0003220, miR-489-3p, and insulin-like growth factors (IGF1) mRNA levels were assessed with a quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The cisplatin, docetaxel, and paclitaxel (PTX) resistances were determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, and the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test measured IGF1 expression. …”
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Digital PCR detection of microsporidia in household pipe water of patients with microsporidial keratitis by Wararee Sriyuttagrai, Auemphon Mordmaung, Tachpon Techarang, Jakkrit Juhong, Dominik H. Kowanz, Lunla Udomwech

“…Water from faucets of MK patients’ houses were collected for laboratory analysis with digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) to detect microsporidia in water samples. …”
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Effects of 0.01 mM strontium on human periodontal ligament stem cell osteogenic differentiation via the Wnt/-catenin signaling pathway by Tongke Sun, Dan Ma, Yang Song, Jing Hu, Ziqing Yang, Xu Wang, Jun Zhang

“…Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blots were used to examine the expression levels of relevant factors, such as collagen I (COL-1), ALP, and Runx family transcription factor 2 (RUNX2). …”
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Molecular analysis of zoonotic pathogens in free-ranging six-banded armadillos (Euphractus sexcinctus) from the Brazilian semiarid region by Ilanna Vanessa Pristo de Medeiros Oliveira, José Artur Brilhante Bezerra, Gabriela Hémylin Ferreira Moura, Ana Carolina Yamakawa, Mariana Guimarães Nilsson, Jéssica da Silva Ferreira, Amanda Haisi, Felipe Fornazari, Hélio Langoni, João Marcelo Azevedo de Paula Antunes

“…Infection with four pathogens was subsequently evaluated: Leishmania infection was investigated by spleen and liver Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR); Leptospira spp. infection was evaluated by kidney PCR and serologically by microscopic agglutination test; T. gondii infection was assessed by PCR of the heart, lung, and spleen; and T. cruzi infection was investigated by heart and whole blood PCR and hemoculture. …”
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Omentin-1 Ameliorated Free Fatty Acid-Induced Impairment in Proliferation, Migration, and Inflammatory States of HUVECs by Yubin Chen, Fen Liu, Fei Han, Lizhi Lv, Can-e Tang, Fanyan Luo

“…Factors secreted by endothelial cells after injury were detected by western blotting, reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and cellular fluorescence assay. …”
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Evaluation of miR-146a as a potential biomarker for diagnosis of cardiotoxicity induced by chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer by Nasrin Zare, Nasim Dana, Azam Mosayebi, Golnaz Vaseghi, Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard

“…Materials and Methods: Using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, the levels of miR-146a were assessed in the blood of 37 breast cancer patients receiving anthracyclines without cardiotoxicity and 33 breast cancer patients experiencing cardiotoxicity brought on by chemotherapy after chemotherapy. …”
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Molecular Detection of Minimal Residual Cancer in Surgical Margins of Head and Neck Cancer Patients by A. Peggy Graveland, Michiel de Maaker, Boudewijn J. M. Braakhuis, Remco de Bree, Simone E. J. Eerenstein, Elisabeth Bloemena, C. René Leemans, Ruud H. Brakenhoff

“…Here we investigated the suitability of quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) using human Ly-6D (hLy-6D) transcripts as molecular marker to detect MRC in surgical margins.…”
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Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Relapsing 25 Years after Allogenic Stem Cell Transplantation by Håkon Reikvam, Jørn Skavland, Stein-Erik Gullaksen, Randi Hovland, Tobias Gedde-Dahl, Øystein Bruserud, Bjørn Tore Gjertsen

“…We present a patient who relapsed 25 years after allo-SCT for chronic phase CML. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detected gradually evaluated levels of BCR-ABL1 transcripts, eventually leading to the diagnosis of relapsed disease. …”
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