Initial treatment of steroid-sensitive idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children with mycophenolate mofetil versus prednisone: protocol for a randomised, controlled, multicentre tr... by Burkhard Toenshoff, Martin Konrad, Steffen Luntz, Anja Sander, Peter F Hoyer, Rasmus Ehren, Marcus R Benz, Jorg Doetsch, Alexander Fichtner, Jutta Gellermann, Dieter Haffner, Britta Höcker, Bärbel Kästner, Markus J Kemper, Uwe Querfeld, Lutz T Weber

“…Introduction Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome is the most common glomerular disease in childhood with an incidence of 1.8 cases per 100 000 children in Germany. The treatment of the first episode implies two aspects: induction of remission and sustainment of remission. …”
Get full text

Thyroid Function in Korean Adolescents with Obesity: Results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI (2013–2015) by Won Kyoung Cho, Hyo-Kyoung Nam, Jae Hyun Kim, Young-Jun Rhie, Sochung Chung, Kee-Hyoung Lee, Byung-Kyu Suh

“…Positive linear associations were observed between TSH and BMI z-score (P=0.031), waist circumference (P=0.013), waist-height ratio (P=0.002), systolic blood pressure (P=0.001), total cholesterol (P=0.008), and triglyceride (P=0.002) after adjusting for age and sex. With per-unit increase in TSH, the odds ratios of having abdominal obesity (OR = 1.18, 95% CI, 1.01–1.38) and triglyceride ≥ 150 mg/dL (OR = 1.18, 95% CI, 1.04–1.34) were significantly increased after adjusting for age, sex, and BMI. …”
Get full text

Description of the Serological Response After Treatment of Chronic Imported Schistosomiasis by Marta González-Sanz, Irene Martín-Rubio, Oihane Martín, Alfonso Muriel, Sagrario de la Fuente-Hernanz, Clara Crespillo-Andújar, Sandra Chamorro-Tojeiro, Begoña Monge-Maíllo, Francesca F. Norman, José A. Pérez-Molina

“…Following treatment with praziquantel, serology values significantly decreased: −0.04 (IC95% −0.073, −0.0021) and −5.73 (IC95% −9.92, −1.53) units per month for ELISA and IHA, respectively. A quarter of patients (25%) had negative ELISA results 63 weeks after treatment. …”
Get full text

Risk factors affecting polygenic score performance across diverse cohorts by Daniel Hui, Scott Dudek, Krzysztof Kiryluk, Theresa L Walunas, Iftikhar J Kullo, Wei-Qi Wei, Hemant Tiwari, Josh F Peterson, Wendy K Chung, Brittney H Davis, Atlas Khan, Leah C Kottyan, Nita A Limdi, Qiping Feng, Megan J Puckelwartz, Chunhua Weng, Johanna L Smith, Elizabeth W Karlson, Regeneron Genetics Center, Penn Medicine BioBank, Gail P Jarvik, Marylyn D Ritchie

“…Twenty-eight covariates had significant PGSBMI–covariate interaction effects, modifying PGSBMI effects by nearly 20% per standard deviation change. We observed overlap between covariates that had significant R2 differences among strata and interaction effects – across all covariates, their main effects on BMI were correlated with their maximum R2 differences and interaction effects (0.56 and 0.58, respectively), suggesting high-PGSBMI individuals have highest R2 and increase in PGS effect. …”
Get full text

Re-Engagement in Physical Activity Slows the Decline in Older Adults’ Well-Being – A Longitudinal Study by Hon Lon Tam PhD, Kai Chow Choi PhD, Ying Lau PhD, Leona Yuen Ling Leung DN, Alex Siu Wing Chan PhD, Lilin Zhou BSc, Eliza Mi Ling Wong PhD, Jonathan Ka Ming Ho DN

“…People aged 60 years and above were included, and they were categorized as active engagers if they reported engaging in at least 10 min of moderate and/or vigorous exercise consecutively per week in each survey year. Older adults’ well-being was evaluated using the healthy aging score, and geographical variations were visualized. …”
Get full text

Effects of Exercise Domain and Intensity on Sleep in Women and Men with Overweight and Obesity by Jonas Salling Quist, Mads Rosenkilde, Anne Sofie Gram, Martin Bæk Blond, Daniel Holm-Petersen, Mads Fiil Hjorth, Bente Stallknecht, Anders Sjödin

“…Sleep was assessed from 7-day/night accelerometry and questionnaires at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. 92 participants were included in a per protocol analysis. At 3 months, sleep duration was longer in VIG (29 min/night [3; 55] (mean [95% CI]), p=0.03) but not in BIKE and MOD (p≥0.11) compared with CON and was not different between groups at 6 months (p≥0.36 vs. …”
Get full text

Impact of surgical site infection (SSI) following gynaecological cancer surgery in the UK: a trainee-led multicentre audit and service evaluation by Rachel L O’Donnell, Georgios Angelopoulos, James P Beirne, Ioannis Biliatis, Helen Bolton, Melissa Bradbury, Elaine Craig, Ketan Gajjar, Michelle L Mackintosh, Wendy MacNab, Thumuluru Kavitha Madhuri, Mark McComiskey, Eva Myriokefalitaki, Claire L Newton, Nithya Ratnavelu, Sian E Taylor, Amudha Thangavelu, Sarah A Rhodes, Emma J Crosbie, Richard J Edmondson, Yee-Loi Louise Wan

“…Multivariate analysis found body mass index (BMI) was the strongest risk factor for SSI (OR 1.08[95% CI 1.03 to 1.14] per 1 kg/m2 increase in BMI [p=0.001]). Wound drains (OR 2.92[95% CI 1.41 to 6.04], p=0.004) and staple closure (OR 3.13[95% CI 1.50 to 6.56], p=0.002) were also associated with increased risk of SSI.Conclusions SSI is common in women undergoing surgery for gynaecological cancer leading to delays in discharge and adjuvant treatment. …”
Get full text

Evaluation of the Sterile Insect Technique for the Control of the Melon Fly (<i>Bactrocera cucurbitae</i>) Under Laboratory and Semi-Field Conditions in Sri Lanka by Muditha Nawarathne, Lahiru Udayanga, Hasini Ekanayake, Bader Alhafi Alotaib, Ananda Pathirage, Nayana Siriwardena, Athula Jayarathne, Hassan Ammouneh, Mohamed M. M. Najim, Abou Traore, Tharaka Ranathunge

“…A <i>B. cucurbitae</i> colony was established and maintained under standard laboratory conditions. Male pupae (100 pupae per treatment) were exposed to different radiation doses, namely 0 (control), 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, and 110 Gy. …”
Get full text

Measurement report: The ice-nucleating activity of lichen sampled in a northern European boreal forest by U. Proske, U. Proske, U. Proske, M. P. Adams, G. C. E. Porter, M. A. Holden, M. A. Holden, J. Bäck, B. J. Murray

“…INPs derived from lichen sampled during HyICE-2018 are shown to nucleate ice at temperatures as warm as <span class="inline-formula">−5</span> <span class="inline-formula">°C</span> with <span class="inline-formula">10³</span> INPs per gram of lichen. Successive filtration to smaller sizes removes some of the most active INPs in suspension, but substantial activity remains, even when filtering to 0.1 <span class="inline-formula">µm</span>. …”
Get full text

Pembrolizumab, radiotherapy, and an immunomodulatory five-drug cocktail in pretreated patients with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical or endometrial carcinoma: Results... by Emiel A. De Jaeghere, Sandra Tuyaerts, An M. T. Van Nuffel, Ann Belmans, Kris Bogaerts, Regina Baiden-Amissah, Lien Lippens, Peter Vuylsteke, Stéphanie Henry, Xuan Bich Trinh, Peter A. van Dam, Sandrine Aspeslagh, Alex De Caluwé, Eline Naert, Diether Lambrechts, An Hendrix, Olivier De Wever, Koen K. Van de Vijver, Frédéric Amant, Katrien Vandecasteele, Hannelore G. Denys

“…The primary endpoint was the objective response rate per immune-related response criteria (irORR) at week 26 (a lower bound of the 90% confidence interval [CI] of > 10% was considered efficacious). …”
Get full text

Exploring the epidemiological impact of attractive targeted sugar bait against malaria in combination with standard malaria control by Nima R. Moghaddas, Mohamed M. Traore, Gunter C. Müller, Joseph Wagman, Javan Chanda, Julian Entwistle, Christen M. Fornadel, Thomas S. Churcher

“…For example, observing a dyed fraction of 5% would indicate a daily bait-feeding rate of 0.024 (range 0.008–0.049) which is projected to result in 0.13 clinical cases averted per person-year (range 0.051–0.22), a 39% efficacy (range 12–66%) in this particular site. …”
Get full text

Weight loss for overweight and obese patients with prostate cancer: a study protocol of a randomised trial comparing clinic-based versus Telehealth delivered EXercise and nutrition... by Robert U Newton, Daniel A Galvão, Dennis R Taaffe, Suzanne K Chambers, David Joseph, Amanda Devine, Colin I Tang, Nigel Spry, Emily Jeffery, Dickon Hayne, Pedro Lopez, P Lyons-Wall, Christine Kudiarasu

“…Data will be analysed using intention-to-treat and per protocol approaches.Ethics and dissemination Ethics approval has been obtained from the Edith Cowan University Human Research Ethics Committee (ID: 2021–02157-GALVAO). …”
Get full text

The Impact of Hangeshashinto on Symptoms and Gut Microbiota in Diarrhea-type Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Retrospective Analysis by Naohisa Yoshida, Takeshi Yasuda, Yoshikazu Inagaki, Daisuke Hasegawa, Kohei Fukumoto, Takaaki Murakami, Ryohei Hirose, Osamu Dohi, Kazuhiko Uchiyama, Tomohisa Takagi, Yoshito Itoh

“…The improvement rates of stool frequency, stool consistency, and abdominal pain were 59.0%, 51.0%, and 62.0%, respectively. The stool frequency per week before and after HST was 21.7±18.2 vs. 14.0±12.6 (p<0.001). …”
Get full text

Early urea-to-creatinine ratio to predict rapid muscle loss in critically ill patients with sepsis: a single-center retrospective observational study by Jie Jiang, Hui Chen, Shan-shan Meng, Chun Pan, Jian-Feng Xie, Feng-Mei Guo

“…Rapid muscle loss was defined as a change in ΔL3SMA greater than 2% per day. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between UCR or ΔUCR and rapid muscle loss. …”
Get full text

Global burden and cross-country inequalities of nutritional deficiencies in adults aged 65 years and older, 1990–2021: population-based study using the GBD 2021 by Shuang Liang, Shao-Zhi Xi, Jia-Yi Liu, Gui-Chun Tang, Wei-Guang Zhang, Xin-Ru Guo, Chen Yang, Chun Zhang, Guang-Yan Cai

“…Results Globally, age-standardised prevalence rates of protein-energy malnutrition increased from 1407.16 per 100 000 population in 1990 to 2015.58 in 2021, with an AAPC of 1.18 (1.08–1.28), showing significant changes in 2015 and 2019, which were turning points in the joinpoint regression. …”
Get full text

A Prospective, Randomized Comparison of Duodenoscope Reprocessing Surveillance Methods by Travis J. De Wolfe, Nasia Safdar, Megan Meller, John Marx, Patrick R. Pfau, Eric M. Nelsen, Mark E. Benson, Anurag Soni, Mark Reichelderfer, Megan Duster, Deepak V. Gopal

“…Mean processing time (27.35 and 5.11 minutes, p<0.001) and total cost per sample event ($17.87 and $15.04) were lower using the UWHC method. …”
Get full text

Hospital Prevalence of Colorectal Cancer among Colonoscopy Recipients Attending a Tertiary Hospital in Oman: A Cross-Sectional Study by Alanoud F. Alsumait, Yahya M. Al-Farsi, Mostafa I. Waly, Issa S. Al-Qarshoobi, Samir Al-Adawi, Nawaf H. Albali, Mansour S. Al-Moundhri

“…A total of 442 CRC cases were enumerated among 3701 colonoscopies, with an overall CRC prevalence estimate of 11.9 per 100 colonoscopies (95% CI: 10.9, 13.0). Gender-specific CRC prevalence was higher among males compared with females (13.3 vs. 10.5). …”
Get full text

The interaction between genetic predicted gut microbiome abundance and particulate matter on the risk of incident asthma in adults by Hehua Zhang, Yong Feng, Honghao Yang, Yuqian Li, Zheng Ma, Liuxin Li, Liangkai Chen, Yuhong Zhao, Lishen Shan, Yang Xia

“…During an average follow-up of 11.4 years within 390,054 participants, a total of 11,312 asthma cases occurred with an incidence density of 2.54 per 1000 person years. Participants with the highest PM2.5 and GMA exposure were associated with a 13 % (HR = 1.13, 95 % CI: 1.05, 1.22; P for trend < 0.001) higher and 16 % (HR = 0.84, 95 %CI: 0.74, 0.94; P for trend < 0.01) lower risk of incident asthma, respectively. …”
Get full text

Disparities in anxiety and related factors among Chinese older adults across different aged-care models: a comparison of two cross-sectional studies by Xin Zheng, Ziwen Xu, Jiajie Zhao, Sanyuan Hao, Fuqin Xu, Shuo Ding, Guoqing Liu, Shufan Yang, Benjamin Otsen, Wen Zhu, Zhongliang Bai, Jie Yang, Ren Chen

“…We noted the interactive effect, suggesting that community-dwelling female older adults with an income level of less than 6500 RMB per year and reported chronic disease comorbidities had the highest likelihood of anxiety, and institutionalized female older adults with income sources such as pension, subsidy, family providing, and resident in rural areas have the greatest risk of experiencing anxiety. …”
Get full text

Crocin Monotherapy in Non-Central Diabetic Macular Edema by Mojtaba Mojtahedzadeh, Masoud Reza Manaviat, Seyed Reza Mirjalili, Adeleh Sahebnasagh, Mohammad Khan Ardani, Farahnaz Hoseinzadeh, Fatemeh Saghafi

“…Twenty-six eyes of 16 patients with type 2 DM in Baghayipoor Clinic in Yazd, were treated with 15 mg crocin per day for 90 days. Patients had at least one eye with non-proliferative DR (NPDR) and NCI-DME along with no adherence to intravitreal injection or a contraindication of intravitreal injection. …”
Get full text