An analysis on role of iron deficiency in febrile seizure among children in 6 months to 5 years: A case-control study by Haridev Sankar, Vanishree Shriram, Sivaprakasam Elayaraja

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Massive ureterocele leading to urinary retention in a male neonate: A rare presentation and successful management by Rafael Nascimento Vilares, Manuela Horta, Afonso da Silva Alves Bento, Francisco Tibor Dénes, Roberto Iglesias Lopes

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Pilocytic astrocytoma: A rare case report by Harry Galuh Nugraha, PhD, Elsa Yoasta, MD, Mirna Sobana, MD, Hermin Aminah Usman, MD

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Development and Characterization of Trihexyphenidyl Orodispersible Minitablets: A Challenge to Fill the Therapeutic Gap in Neuropediatrics by Camila Olivera, Oriana Boscolo, Cecilia Dobrecky, Claudia A. Ortega, Laura S. Favier, Valeria A. Cianchino, Sabrina Flor, Silvia Lucangioli

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Alopecia areata incognito: A rare cause of hair loss in children by Ahmet Kağan Özdemir, Yıldız Hayran, Güneş Gür Aksoy

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Effect of Laryngeal Mask Air Way Insertion versus Endotracheal Intubation over Hemodynamic Responses in Pediatrics Patient Who Underwent Ophthalmic Surgery at Menelik II Hospital, Addis Ababa: A Prospective Observational Study Design by Mohammed Suleiman Obsa, Azeb Lencha Sholla, Betelhem Girma Baraki, Getahun Dendir Welde, Temesgen Bati Gelgelu, Melese Meleku Kuruche

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Comparative Effectiveness of Remestemcel-L-rknd versus Ruxolitinib in Pediatric Patients with Steroid-Refractory Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease using Simulated Treatment Comparisons by Gabriel Tremblay, Dimitrios Tomaras, Eric Strati, Anna Forsythe

“…Inadequate response to steroid therapy for aGVHD is associated with poor prognosis and high mortality, including among pediatric patients, who are the focus of this study. …”
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Interferon (IFN)-gamma (γ) inducible protein 10 (IP-10) in the diagnosis of latent and active tuberculosis in Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG)-vaccinated pediatric population by Magdalena Druszczynska, Michał Seweryn, Sebastian Wawrocki, Anna Pankowska, Anastasiia Kulbachko, Magdalena Jurczak, Magdalena Kowalewska-Pietrzak

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A comparison between the effect of Oral Melatonin and Hydroxyzine for preventing preoperative Anxiety in Pediatric Patients undergoing Adenotonsillectomy: A randomized, double-blinded controlled study by Sarah Omar Mousa, Amany Khairy Abo El Hussien, Gehad Hanafy Abdalgaliel

“…Objectives: Our study aimed to estimate the effect of a single preoperative oral melatonin versus hydroxyzine to prevent preoperative pediatric anxiety in adenotonsillectomy children. …”
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Antimicrobial Susceptibility of <i>Salmonella typhi</i> and <i>paratyphi</i> among Pediatric Population at Tertiary Care Center of North Delhi: A Retrospective Study by Shekhar Biswas, Sulagna Tripathy, Arvind Kumar, Sanjay Chattree

“…Pediatric Infectious Disease…”
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Postoperative Analgesic Effects of Quadratus Lumborum Block Versus Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Pediatric Lower Abdominal Surgeries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Aldalati AY, Hussein AM, Ataya R, Alrabadi B, Odat RM, Idrees M, Al-dabagh A, Kamal Z, Aloudat O, Al-qaoud A

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Interferon (IFN)-gamma (γ) inducible protein 10 (IP-10) in the diagnosis of latent and active tuberculosis in Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG)-vaccinated pediatric population. by Magdalena Druszczynska, Michał Seweryn, Sebastian Wawrocki, Anna Pankowska, Anastasiia Kulbachko, Magdalena Jurczak, Magdalena Kowalewska-Pietrzak

“…The research specifically assessed IP-10 levels in serum, urine, and QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT) cultures stimulated with M.tb antigens to determine if IP-10 could be a useful diagnostic marker for pediatric tuberculosis, either alongside or as an alternative to IFN-γ.…”
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Apolipoprotein C-I Levels Are Associated with the Urinary Protein/Urinary Creatinine Ratio in Pediatric Idiopathic Steroid-Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome: A Case Control Study by Jun Odaka, Takahiro Kanai, Takane Ito, Takashi Saito, Jun Aoyagi, Hiroyuki Betsui, Takanori Yamagata

“…Apo C-I levels correlate with the UP/UCr ratio in pediatric ISSNS. Our findings provide new insights into the pathophysiology of ISSNS.…”
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Traditional pediatric massage enhanced the skeletal muscle mass in OVA-exposed adolescent rats via regulating SCFAs-FFAR2-IGF-1/AKT pathway by Lin Lin, Siyuan Li, Que Liu, Xingxing Zhang, Ying Xiong, Shaoyun Zhao, Liyue Cao, Jiaxuan Gong, Yaping Liu, Rong Wu

“…ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the potential relation between the retarded growth of skeletal muscle (SM) and dysbiosis of gut microbiota (GM) in children with asthma, and to explore the potential action mechanisms of traditional pediatric massage (TPM) from the perspective of regulating GM and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production by using an adolescent rat model of asthma.MethodsMale Sprague-Dawley rats aged 3weeks were divided randomly into the 5 groups (n=6~7) of control, ovalbumin (OVA), OVA + TPM, OVA + methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MP) and OVA + SCFAs. …”
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Bone within bone as a calcified chronic extra-dural hematoma mimicking ossified chronic subdural hematomas: a rare case report in pediatric patients by Mohan Karki, Yam Bahadur Roka, Abhinash Jha

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Determination of Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (uNGAL) Reference Intervals in Healthy Adult and Pediatric Individuals Using a Particle-Enhanced Turbidimetric Immunoassay by Tabari M. Baker, Christopher A. Bird, Dennis L. Broyles, Ursula Klause

“…The 95th and 97.5th percentile uNGAL values for all pediatric participants were below the clinical cutoff of 125 ng/mL. uNGAL values were statistically significantly higher for female vs. male participants in both adult (<i>p</i> = 0.003) and pediatric groups (<i>p</i> < 0.001), while differences were not statistically significant for age, site location, race, or ethnicity. …”
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The Association of Inflammatory Indexes Derived from Peripheral Blood Cell Count and Clinical Signs with Response to Treatment with Dupilumab in Pediatric Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis by Zhang L, Pi J, Wang J, Chen J, Zhang Y, Li J, Wang L, Li Y, Chen A, Luo X, Wang H

“…Currently, there is no exploration of changes in blood cell counts derived indexes in pediatric patients, especially under 6 years old.Purpose: To investigate the changes in blood cell counts derived indexes before and after dupilumab treatment in Chinese children with AD, the relationship with clinical scores, and the potential role of these indexes on treatment efficacy.Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 109 children with moderate to severe AD treated with dupilumab. …”
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The effects of psychosocial aftercare following pediatric chronic pain treatment withstand the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: long-term outcomes of a randomized controlled trial by Lisa-Marie Rau, Meltem Dogan, Gerrit Hirschfeld, Markus Blankenburg, Michael C. Frühwald, Rosemarie Ahnert, Sarah Braun, Ursula Marschall, Boris Zernikow, Julia Wager

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Quality of Life and Associated Factors Among Family/Caregivers of Pediatric Patients Treated for Cancer at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital: Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Study by Zenebe Negash MSc, Eden M. Kinfe BSc, Urji Zerihun BSc, Atalay M. Fentie MSc

“…Background Pediatric cancer significantly affects the quality of life (QOL) of patients and their families/caregivers particularly in low-income countries where there is scarcity of resources. …”
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Ketamine Infusion as an Adjunct to Opioid Analgesia in Pediatric Patients with High-Risk Neuroblastoma Undergoing Treatment with Dinutuximab: Adverse Effects and Safety in a Non-ICU Setting by Streby KA, Tobias JD, McPhaden E, Downie S, Stanek J, Roth C, Patel PO

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