REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) in Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) by Po-Chi Chan, Hsun-Hua Lee, Chien-Tai Hong, Chaur-Jong Hu, Dean Wu

“…This review article discusses history, clinical manifestations, possible pathophysiologies, and treatment of DLB and RBD and provides the latest updates.…”
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Understanding the link between type 2 diabetes mellitus and Parkinson’s disease: role of brain insulin resistance by Theodora Ntetsika, Sergiu-Bogdan Catrina, Ioanna Markaki

“…Epidemiological data supporting a close relationship between these two aging-related diseases have resulted in the investigation of shared pathophysiological molecular mechanisms. Impaired insulin signaling in the brain has gained increasing attention during the last decade and has been suggested to contribute to the development of Parkinson’s disease through the dysregulation of several pathological processes. …”
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Unilateral Upper Cervical Posterior Spinal Cord Infarction after a Neuroendovascular Intervention: A Case Report by Kareem Elzamly, Christa Nobleza, Ellen Parker, Rebecca Sugg

“…We describe a case of unilateral posterior upper cervical spinal cord infarction and propose a pathophysiologic mechanism causing this lesion after vertebral artery endovascular intervention. …”
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Critical evaluation of pathogenic factors of primary biliary cirrhosis by A. F. Sheptulina, M. V. Mayevskaya, V. T. Ivashkin

“…Despite of sufficient progress in studying of main pathophysiological mechanisms of PBC, etiology of disease remains obscure. …”
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Discussion of irritable bowel syndrome issue and functional constipations in reports of the 21st United European Gastroenterological Week (Berlin, 2013) by A. A. Sheptulin, M. A. Vizye-Khripunova

“…The range of pharmaceuticals has been replenished by new agents (linaclotide, prucalopride), increasing efficacy of IBS and CFC treatment.Conclusion. Pathophysiological and clinical aspects of IBS and CFC require further investigation.…”
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Triggers for Atrial Fibrillation: The Role of Anxiety by Paolo Severino, Marco Valerio Mariani, Annalisa Maraone, Agostino Piro, Andrea Ceccacci, Lorenzo Tarsitani, Viviana Maestrini, Massimo Mancone, Carlo Lavalle, Massimo Pasquini, Francesco Fedele

“…The present review sought to underline the possible pathophysiological association between AF and anxiety disorders and suggests that anxiety can be an independent risk factor for AF, acting as a trigger, creating an arrhythmogenic substrate, and modulating the autonomic nervous system. …”
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The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System as a Therapeutic Target in Late Injury Caused by Ischemia-Reperfusion by Simón Quetzalcóatl Rodríguez-Lara, Leonel García-Benavides, Alejandra Guillermina Miranda-Díaz

“…Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a well-known phenomenon that involves different pathophysiological processes. Connection in diverse systems of survival brings about cellular dysfunction or even apoptosis. …”
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Psychosis of Epilepsy: An Update on Clinical Classification and Mechanism by Zhiruo Qiu, Jiahui Guo, Bofei Chen, Jiajia Fang

“…Additionally, we examine the potential pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the psychosis of epilepsy from three perspectives: neuroimaging, neurobiology, and genetics. …”
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The Prorenin and (Pro)renin Receptor: New Players in the Brain Renin-Angiotensin System? by Wencheng Li, Hua Peng, Dale M. Seth, Yumei Feng

“…This paper first describes the expression of the vasoconstrictive arm of RAS components in the brain as well as their physiological and pathophysiological significance. It then focus on the (pro)renin receptor (PRR), a newly discovered component of the RAS which has a high level in the brain. …”
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Exploring nutraceutical approaches linking metabolic syndrome and cognitive impairment by Rebecca Sonnino, Gea Ciccarelli, Simona Moffa, Laura Soldovieri, Gianfranco Di Giuseppe, Michela Brunetti, Francesca Cinti, Eleonora Di Piazza, Antonio Gasbarrini, Enrico C. Nista, Alfredo Pontecorvi, Andrea Giaccari, Teresa Mezza

“…This review examines clinical and translational evidence on commonly used nutraceuticals targeting shared pathophysiological mechanisms of MetS and MCI. By addressing inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic dysfunction, these supplements may offer a valuable approach to mitigating the progression and consequences of both conditions. …”
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Intricating connections: the role of ferroptosis in systemic lupus erythematosus by Guowang Zhao, Xinghai Li, Ying Zhang, Ying Zhang, Xingzi Wang, Li Deng, Juan Xu, Shumei Jin, Zan Zuo, Zan Zuo, Linting Xun, Linting Xun, Mei Luo, Mei Luo, Fan Yang, Jialong Qi, Jialong Qi, Jialong Qi, Jialong Qi, Ping Fu

“…Although ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death, has numerous pathophysiological features similar to those of SLE, such as intracellular iron accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, lipid metabolism disorders and concentration of damage associated-molecular patterns (DAMPs), only a few reports have demonstrated that ferroptosis is involved in SLE progression and that the role of ferroptosis in SLE pathogenesis continues to be neglected. …”
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Non-motor Disorders and their Neuro-anatomical Substrate in Parkinson's Disease by Julio López Argüelles, Leydi María Sosa Águila

“…New studies are necessary to clarify the pathophysiological bases of Parkinson's disease that allow establishing future therapeutic strategies for the follow-up of patients with these disorders.…”
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Oxidative Stress and Its Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Diseases by Julija Valaitienė, Agnė Laučytė-Cibulskienė

“…CVDs share heterogeneous pathophysiologic mechanisms, one of which includes increased oxidative stress. …”
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Leukotrienes as Modifiers of Preclinical Atherosclerosis? by Graziano Riccioni, Magnus Bäck

“…Preclinical atherosclerosis represents a crucial period associated with several pathophysiological reactions in the vascular wall. Failure to diagnose preclinical atherosclerosis at this stage misses a major opportunity to prevent the long-term consequences of this disease. …”
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The Enigma of the Tinnitus-Free Dream State in a Bayesian World by Dirk De Ridder, Kathleen Joos, Sven Vanneste

“…There are pathophysiological, clinical, and treatment analogies between phantom limb pain and phantom sound (i.e., tinnitus). …”
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Physiopathological Mechanisms of Association between Metabolic Syndrome and Arterial Hypertension: an Update by Luis Enrique Jiménez Franco, Dianelys María Gutiérrez Pérez, Milagros Lisset León Regal, Claudia González Martínez, Lucía Baños Leyva, Arionnis Matos Olivero

“…The objective was to argue the pathophysiological mechanisms of association between the metabolic syndrome and arterial hypertension. …”
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PATHOGENETIC ROLE OF THROMBOCYTES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AUTOIMMUNE PATHOLOGY OF THE THYROID GLAND by I. Yu. Bahmut, O. O. Halmyz, S. М. Hramatiuk, A. V. Titkova

“…According to the results of our study, we hypothesized that PMPs can interact with circulating autoantibodies and C1q involved in the formation of immune complexes, which can be a pathophysiological cause of the immune response.…”
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Short Bowel Syndrome: Intestinal Adaptation and Medical Therapy by WD Buie, OG Thurston, Richard N Fedorak

“…Medical treatment of short bowel syndrome remains supportive and centres around the control of three pathophysiological defects: decreased intestinal transit time, gastric hypersecretion, and reduced functional mucosal surface area.…”
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Multivessel Coronary Artery Vasospasm-Induced Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy by Vishal I. Patel, Serap Sobnosky

“…Epicardial coronary vasospasm is a rarely reported etiology for takotsubo cardiomyopathy, and its pathophysiologic mechanisms still remain incompletely understood. …”
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Progress on Development and Rehabilitation Mechanism of Upper Extremity Lymphedema after Radical Mastectomy by Na XIE, Jie JIA

“…The results showed that upper limb overload, trauma and infection were the most common causes of upper limb lymphedema, and surgical methods, postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy, tumor recurrence, obesity and so on were considered as related risk factors. The main pathophysiological mechanisms of upper limb lymphedema were the destruction of lymphatic vessels, the obstruction of lymphatic circulation, and the retention of extracellular fluid in the interstitial space. …”
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