Adult Bilateral Ureteroceles Presenting with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Acute Urinary Retention by Alexis Rompré-Brodeur, Sero Andonian

“…Ureterocele is a well-known pathologic entity in the pediatric urology population but remains a diagnostic and treatment challenge in the adult population. …”
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Oxy-inflammation in hyperbaric oxygen therapy applications by Gerardo Bosco, Andrea Brizzolari, Matteo Paganini, Enrico Camporesi, Alessandra Vezzoli, Simona Mrakic-Sposta

“…The present narrative review aims to elucidate the mechanisms action underlying HBOT, particularly oxy-inflammation, in various pathologies within these categories. …”
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Uptake of Non-Transferrin Iron by Erythroid Cells by Eugenia Prus, Eitan Fibach

“…Most of the iron in the plasma is bound to transferrin (Tf) and is taken up by cells through their surface Tf receptors (TfRs). Under pathological conditions of iron-overload, the plasma iron which is in excess of the binding capacity of Tf is present as non-Tf-bound iron. …”
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Non-histone lactylation: unveiling its functional significance by Pusong Shi, Yongjie Ma, Yongjie Ma, Yongjie Ma, Yongjie Ma, Yongjie Ma, Shaolu Zhang, Shaolu Zhang, Shaolu Zhang, Shaolu Zhang, Shaolu Zhang

“…Indeed, lactylation is implicated in various physiological and pathological processes, including tumor development, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, immune cell activation and psychiatric disorders. …”
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Neuroprotective Effect of Crocin on Rats with Focal Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Based on TLR4/NF-κB Pathway by LI Xiaolei, ZHU Haisheng, MA Ruijuan, HU Ke, FENG Lina, WANG Xudong

“…After reperfution for 24 h, modified neurological severity score (mNSS) was used to evaluate the neurological deficits; triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining method was used to evaluate cerebral infarction rate, and dry-wet method was used to evaluate brain water content; hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) staining and TUNEL staining were used to observe pathological changes and apoptosis of cortical neurons; ELISA method was used to detect the level of inflammatory factors in brain tissue (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, etc.); western blot was used to detect the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65), p-NF-κB p65, IκBα, p-IκBα, Cleved Caspase-3, B-lymphoma-2 gene (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-related X protein (Bax).Results(1) Neurological function, cerebral infarction rate and cerebral water content: compared with the sham operation group, the mNSS score, cerebral infarction rate, cerebral water content in the model group increased significantly (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05); compared with the model group, the mNSS score, cerebral infarction rate, cerebral water content in the crocin group and the crocin + lipopolysaccharide group decreased significantly (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05); compared with the crocin group, the mNSS score, cerebral infarction rate, cerebral water content in the crocin + lipopolysaccharide group increased significantly (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05). (2) Pathological changes and apoptosis of cortical neurons: the cortical neurons in the sham operation group showed normal morphology and complete structure; the pathological changes of cortical neurons such as disordered arrangement, decreased number, vacuolar degeneration, hyperchromatic cytoplasmic pyknosis, unclear nuclear membrane boundary, inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in the model group; the pathological changes of cortical neurons in the crocin group were significantly improved. …”
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Efficacy and safety of perioperative sintilimab plus platinum-based chemotherapy for potentially resectable stage IIIB non-small cell lung cancer (periSCOPE): an open-label, single... by Xiangyang Yu, Chujian Huang, Longde Du, Chunguang Wang, Yikun Yang, Xin Yu, Shengcheng Lin, Chenglin Yang, Hongbo Zhao, Songhua Cai, Zhe Wang, Lixu Wang, Xiaotong Guo, Baihua Zhang, Zhentao Yu, Jie He, Kai Ma

“…The primary endpoint was major pathological response (MPR). The key secondary endpoints included the objective response rate (ORR), radical resection (R0) rate, pathological complete response (pCR) rate, event-free survival (EFS), disease-free survival (DFS), OS, treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), surgical complications, and surgery delay rate. …”
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Options of improvement of efficacy of gastroesophageal reflux disease treatment by dioctaedric smectite by O. A. Storonova, A. S. Trukhmanov, N. Yu. Ivashkina, V. T. Ivashkin

“…To analyze efficacy of heartburn relief and pathological gastroesophageal reflux (GER) elimination as well as dynamics of endoscopic changes at gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) under dioctaedric smectite (Smecta) treatment in standard doze as monotherapy and within complex mode of treatment.Material and methods. …”
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Clinical and ultrasound characteristics in patients with sars-cov-2 pneumonia, associated with hospitalization prognosis. e-covid project by Noemí Fàbrega Ramon, Marta Ortega Bravo, Gerard Torres Cortada, Joaquim Sol Culleré, Mònica Solanes Cabús, Jose María Palacín Peruga

“…Results A single relevant variable has been found for the prediction of hospitalization (number of total regions with potentially pathological presence of B lines) and one for the prediction of ICU admission (number of regions of the right lung with potentially pathological presence of B lines). …”
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Anterior Controllable Antedisplacement and Fusion (ACAF) for Cervical Stenosis Patients With Hyperextension Injury: A Retrospective Study by Shuangxi Sun, Yingying Miao, Tao Xu, Kaiqiang Sun, Yijuan Lu, Jingchuan Sun, Jiuyi Sun, Jiangang Shi

“…The radiological parameters included associated pathologies, prevertebral hyperintensity (HI), intramedullary signal intensity (ISI), and Torg–Pavlov ratio (TPR). …”
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Prognostic evaluation of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer with P-CRP and its nomogram by Junyun Wu, Zhixuan Deng, Xu Lei, Zhiyao Xu, Chenxi Tan, Yunqiao Tang, Xi Sheng, Ning Yang

“…The Nomogram incorporating P-CRP, number of tumors, tumor size, T stage, and tumor pathological grading can better predict the postoperative recurrence risk of NMIBC patients.…”
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Diagnostic Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Placenta Accreta Spectrum: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis by Suzi AbdelAziz, Nour A. El-Goly, Ahmed M. Maged, Nehal Bassiouny, Nihal El-Demiry, Ahmed Shamel, Yang Pan

“…All prospective and retrospective cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies involving prenatal magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis of PAS with subsequent pathological confirmation were included. Results:. A total of 40 studies encompassing 3664 women met the inclusion criteria, with 1894 cases confirmed pathologically as PAS. …”
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Rationale and design of a multicentre randomised controlled trial on circulating tumour DNA-guided neoadjuvant treatment strategy for locally advanced rectal cancer (CINTS-R) by Bin Wu, Yi Xiao, Xiao Zhang, Tao Xu, Qian Liu, Wei Fu, Yang An, Yongheng Li, Guole Lin, Huadan Xue, Guoju Wu, Jiaolin Zhou, Hongwei Yao, Zhenjun Wang, Weijie Chen, Junyang Lu, Guannan Zhang, Xiaoyuan Qiu

“…The secondary endpoints include time to recurrence, 2-year overall survival, 2-year disease-free survival, clinical complete response (cCR) rate, near cCR rate and pathologically complete response rate, pathological tumour regression grade and quality of life.Ethics and dissemination This protocol has been approved by the ethics committee of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, with approval number I-23PJ157, and by the institutional review boards of all the participating centres. …”
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Breathing time: a longue-durée multidisciplinary study of respiratory illnesses and airborne diseases in Switzerland (16th–21st century CE) by Tobias Hofstetter, Aude Fauvel, Silke Grabherr, Negahnaz Moghaddam

“…This model serves as a relevant reading grid for the understanding of the pathological and demographic evolutions that this study highlights. …”
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The influence of external factors on the development of olfactory disorders in patients with the coronavirus disease 2019: an immunomorphological assessment by I.S. Shponka, O.M. Usova

“…In this case, more vivid symptoms are likely, as well as criticality and irreversibility of pathological changes.…”
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Overexpression of Parkin promotes the protective effect of mitochondrial autophagy on the lung of rats with exertional heatstroke by Ran Meng, Zhengzhong Sun, Ruxue Chi, Yan Gu, Yuxiang Zhang, Jiaxing Wang

“…Their lung coefficient and pulmonary vascular permeability decreased and the pathological changes were significantly alleviated (P <0.05). …”
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Characteristics and multi-omics analysis of spontaneous spondyloarthritis in non-human primates: Case report by Lei Cai, Qing Lv, Ronghua Ma, Wei Liu, Yalun Guan, Zhongqiang Huang, Qingyu Liu, Yunfeng Li, Shuhua Liu, Ge Li, Yu Zhang

“…Spondyloarthritis is a prevalent and persistent condition that significantly impacts the quality of life. Its intricate pathological mechanisms have led to a scarcity of animal models capable of replicating the disease progression in humans, making it a prominent area of research interest in the field. …”
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Effect of Electroacupuncture Preconditioning on Inflammatory Factors of Rabbits after Spinal Cord Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Mengli YAO, Xianghua CHEN, Zhaohui CHEN, Hai WANG

“…Objective:To observe the effects of electroacupuncture preconditioning on the pathological changes of spinal cord tissue and the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β(IL-1β), interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist(IL-1Rα)after spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury, and to explore the protective mechanism of electroacupuncture on spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rabbits.Methods:A total of twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into the sham operation group, the model group and the electroacupuncture group according to the random number table method, with eight cases in each group.The model was made by Zivin method in the model group and the electroacupuncture group, the abdominal cavity was opened after intravenous anesthesia at ear margin, the abdominal aorta was exposed and temporarily clamped, and the rabbit model of spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury was established after ischemia for thirty minutes.The model preparation and experimental animal treatment of the sham operation group were the same as those of the model group, however, the dissection was fully exposed without clamping the abdominal aorta.At thirty minutes before the induction of rabbit spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion model, SDZ-II electroacupuncture instrument was used to acupuncture bilateral"Xuanzhong"and"Yanglingquan"acupoints in the electroacupuncture group, intervention for thirty minutes.All rabbits were killed after intervention for twelve hours, and the L2-5 segments of spinal cord tissue were captured.HE staining method was used to observe the pathological changes of spinal cord tissues in the three groups; Immunohistochemical method was used to observe the localization and content changes of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the contents of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1Rα in serum before modeling and 4, 8, 12 hours after ischemia-reperfusion.Results:①HE staining results: compared with the sham operation group, the number of neurons in spinal cord tissue in the model group decreased, the color of nucleus and cytoplasm of cells became lighter, and the boundary of nuclear membrane was not clear.In severe cases, the nucleus dissolved or even nucleolus disappeared, there were transparent areas around cells, and axons showed different degrees of degeneration such as enlargement, swelling and disappearance; compared with the model group, the number of neurons in the electroacupuncture group increased, the structure of most neurons was clear, the atrophy degree of nucleolus and nucleus was light, only a small amount of cells became deformed and necrosis, the damage degree of cells were lighter, and the density of surviving neurons increased.②Immunohistochemistry results: compared with the sham operation group, the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α of spinal cord tissue in the model group were significantly increased(<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05);compared with the model group, the contents of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in the spinal cord of rabbits in the electroacupuncture group were significantly decreased(<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05).③ELISA results: Before modeling, there was no significant difference in the three groups(<italic>P</italic>&gt;0.05);compared with before modeling, the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1Rα in serum of the three groups increased in different degrees at 4, 8 and 12 h after ischemia-reperfusion, with significantly significance(<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05);compared with the sham operation group at the same time, the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1Rα in the model group increased significantly at 4, 8 and 12 h after reperfusion(<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05);compared with the model group at the same time, the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α in the electroacupuncture group decreased significantly at 4, 8, 12 h after reperfusion(<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05).Conclusion:Electroacupuncture pretreatment can effectively alleviate the pathological injury of spinal cord and has a good protective effect on spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury, which may be related to inhibit the expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α and promote the expression of IL-1Rα.…”
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Effect of Acupuncture on the Expression of Heme Oxygenase 1 and Inflammatory Factors in Rats with Intracerebral Hemorrhage by CHEN Qiuxin, KONG Ying, YU Tingting, ZHANG Yu, LIU Peng, ZHANG Xin

“…Compared with the model group, the acupuncture group had a lower degree of damage to the pathological structure of the brain tissue at each time point. 3） The sham operation group showed a small amount of HO-1 protein expression. …”
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The Mast Cell-Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Interplay at the Host-Microbe Interface by Claudio Costantini, Giorgia Renga, Vasilis Oikonomou, Giuseppe Paolicelli, Monica Borghi, Marilena Pariano, Antonella De Luca, Matteo Puccetti, Claudia Stincardini, Paolo Mosci, Andrea Bartoli, Teresa Zelante, Luigina Romani

“…Herein, we summarize the current knowledge about the mechanisms underlying the ability of the microorganisms to regulate mast cell physiology and discuss potential deviations that result in pathological consequences. We will discuss the pivotal role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in sensing the environment and shaping mast cell adaptation at the host-microbe interface.…”
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Accessible model predicts response in hormone receptor positive HER2 negative breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy by Luca Mastrantoni, Giovanna Garufi, Giulia Giordano, Noemi Maliziola, Elena Di Monte, Giorgia Arcuri, Valentina Frescura, Angelachiara Rotondi, Armando Orlandi, Luisa Carbognin, Antonella Palazzo, Federica Miglietta, Letizia Pontolillo, Alessandra Fabi, Lorenzo Gerratana, Sergio Pannunzio, Ida Paris, Sara Pilotto, Fabio Marazzi, Antonio Franco, Gianluca Franceschini, Maria Vittoria Dieci, Roberta Mazzeo, Fabio Puglisi, Valentina Guarneri, Michele Milella, Giovanni Scambia, Diana Giannarelli, Giampaolo Tortora, Emilio Bria

“…In patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), pathological complete response (pCR) is rare and multiple efforts have been made to predict disease recurrence. …”
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