Management of Impacted and Inverted Mesiodens - A Report of Two Cases by Vabitha Shetty, Rajmohan Y. Shetty, Deepshikha Mehrotra, Amina Usman, Nagashree Prabhu

“…Supernumerary teeth represent a significant dental anomaly that has a notable impact on the primary and early mixed dentition, potentially leading to pathological disturbances in the development of permanent dentition. …”
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Solitary Fibrous Tumour of the Pleura: A Case Report by George Rakovich, Maxime Laflamme, Denise Ouellette, Gilles Beauchamp

“…Most of them are benign, although some behave aggressively; morphological and pathological features are important in distinguishing them from mesothelioma and in predicting clinical behaviour. …”
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Mouse Models for Blistering Skin Disorders by Radhika Ganeshan, Jiangli Chen, Peter J. Koch

“…Genetically engineered mice have been essential tools for elucidating the pathological mechanisms underlying human diseases. In the case of diseases caused by impaired desmosome function, mouse models have helped to establish causal links between mutations and disease phenotypes. …”
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Bihemispheric Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Occurring with an Azygos Anterior Cerebral Artery: Case Study by Jamie Toms, Rishi Wadhwa, Sudheer Ambekar, Hugo Cuellar

“…It is important for the physician to be aware of these anatomical variations in order to differentiate a normal variant from a pathological condition.…”
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The Role of Hyperglycemia and Insulin Resistance in the Development and Progression of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Daniel Grinnan, Grant Farr, Adam Fox, Lori Sweeney

“…There is also growing radiographic, hemodynamic, biochemical, and pathologic data supporting an association between diabetes and pulmonary hypertension. …”
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Protocol for real-time assessment of energy metabolism in dissociated mouse retinal photoreceptors using a SeahorseXFe24 analyzer by Maria Yera, Joshua J. Wang, Sarah X. Zhang

“…This protocol allows a real-time assessment of mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis in retinal photoreceptors in response to genetic modifications or pathological insults in mouse models. : Publisher’s note: Undertaking any experimental protocol requires adherence to local institutional guidelines for laboratory safety and ethics.…”
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Leigh's Disease: The Acute Clinical Course of a Two-Year-Old Child with Subacute Necrotizing Encephalomyelopathy by Bettina Zinka, Andreas Buettner, Matthias Graw

“…At forensic autopsy no other pathological findings could be diagnosed than multiple reddish, sunken areas in brain stem, mesencephalon, and pons. …”
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Interferons and Interferon Regulatory Factors in Malaria by Sin Yee Gun, Carla Claser, Kevin Shyong Wei Tan, Laurent Rénia

“…Acquired adaptive immune responses control parasite replication and infection-induced pathologies. Most infections are clinically silent which reflects on the ability of adaptive immune mechanisms to prevent the disease. …”
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The amount of DNA and RNA in primary cancer cells and their metastases by Oleksandr Herasymenko, Kostyantyn Gerasymenko, Olha Herasymenko

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Focal hand dystonia due to hemorrhage of the cervical spinal mass: a case report by Pelin Analay, Hazal Sevinç, Hilmi Berkan Abacıoğlu, Rahşan Göçmen, Bayram Kaymak, Levent Özçakar

“…Although dystonia is traditionally considered a disorder of the basal ganglia, it has been observed in association with lesions at various sites of the motor and sensory pathways, including spinal cord pathologies such as syringomyelia, tumors, and demyelinating lesions. …”
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Interdisciplinary Management of Cystic Neoplasms of the Pancreas by Linda S. Lee, Thomas Clancy, Vivek Kadiyala, Shadeah Suleiman, Darwin L. Conwell

“…Though reliable biomarkers are lacking, a wide spectrum of diagnostic modalities are available to evaluate pancreatic cystic neoplasms, including radiologic, endoscopic, laboratory, and pathologic analysis. An interdisciplinary approach to management of these lesions which incorporates recent, specialty-specific advances in the medical literature is herein suggested.…”
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Protocol for investigating astrocytic mitochondria in neurons of adult mice using two-photon microscopy by Jian Zhou, Fengling Du, Fan Zhang, Xianhui Zhang, Yuanyuan Wu, Lifang Zhang, Ping Liao, Tianqi Tu, Jianhua Peng, Tao Li, Yong Jiang

“…Summary: Under pathological conditions, astrocytes can transfer mitochondria to neurons, where they exert neuroprotective effects. …”
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Clinical Management of Two Root Resorption Cases in Endodontic Practice by Jozef Mincik, Daniel Urban, Silvia Timkova

“…Root resorption is a pathological process involving loss of hard dental tissues. …”
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Rare complication of skin necrosis after endoscopic debridement and cutaneo-fascial suture for a massive Morel-Lavallée lesion in Korea: a case report by Youngmin Kim, Jayun Cho, Myung Jin Jang, Kang Kook Choi

“…A Morel-Lavallée lesion (MLL) is a pathologic fluid collection within an abnormally formed space, resulting from an internal degloving injury between the muscle fascia and subcutaneous fat layer. …”
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Role and Function of T Cell-Derived Exosomes and Their Therapeutic Value by Yuanyuan Shao, Xiaofeng Pan, Rong Fu

“…Containing proteins, RNA, and DNA, exosomes mediate intercellular communication between different cell types by transferring their contents and thus are involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes. T cells are an indispensable part of adaptive immunity, and the functions of T cell-derived exosomes have been widely studied. …”
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A Rare Case of Functioning Adrenocortical Oncocytoma Presenting as Cushing Syndrome by Nicola Tartaglia, Pasquale Cianci, Amedeo Altamura, Vincenzo Lizzi, Fernanda Vovola, Alberto Fersini, Antonio Ambrosi, Vincenzo Neri

“…Laparoscopic adrenalectomy was performed and the tumor was pathologically confirmed as benign adrenocortical oncocytoma. …”
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Colo-colic intussusception secondary to a giant lipoma: A case report by Karine Ibrahim, MD, Christele Lahoud, MD, Rachele Lahoud, MD, Kamal Hachem, MD, Chadi Braidy, MD

“…Intussusception in adults is a rare condition often associated with a pathological lead point, which is frequently malignant but can occasionally be benign, such as colonic lipomas. …”
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Heterotopic Ossification in the Abdomen of an Elderly Patient, as an Incidental Finding During Elective Surgery: A Case Report by Gordana Bozhinovska-Beaka, Biljana Prgova Veljanova, Tatjan Troik, Ivica Stojanovski, Patricija Kalamaras, Nadica Bozhinovska-Dimova

“…Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a rare diverse pathologic process, with broad spectrum. Case report. …”
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Role of Microglia in CNS Autoimmunity by Tobias Goldmann, Marco Prinz

“…The disease is characterized histologically by the infiltration of encephalitogenic TH1/TH17-polarized CD4+ T cells, B cells, and a plethora of myeloid cells, resulting in severe demyelination ultimately leading to a degeneration of neuronal structures. These pathological processes are substantially modulated by microglia, the resident immune competent cells of the CNS. …”
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The Rise of CRISPR/Cas for Genome Editing in Stem Cells by Bing Shui, Liz Hernandez Matias, Yi Guo, Ying Peng

“…Genetic manipulation is a powerful tool to establish the causal relationship between a genetic lesion and a particular pathological phenotype. The rise of CRISPR/Cas9 genome-engineering tools overcame the traditional technical bottleneck for routine site-specific genetic manipulation in cells. …”
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