The Effect of Serine Protease Inhibitors on Airway Inflammation in a Chronic Allergen-Induced Asthma Mouse Model by Chih-Che Lin, Li-Jen Lin, Shulhn-Der Wang, Chung-Jen Chiang, Yun-Peng Chao, Joseph Lin, Shung-Te Kao

“…Control mice received sterile PBS. At 3 days after the last challenge, mice were sacrificed to assess airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), remodeling, and inflammation; lung histological features; and cytokine expression profiles. …”
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The effects of different dosage applications of Bacillus sp. NP5 para-probiotic on the growth performance and resistance of Nile tilapia against Streptococcus agalactiae infection by Widanarni, Sukenda, Annisa Astri Anggraeni, Rr. Bellya Anasti Maharani, Aldy Mulyadin, Munti Yuhana

“…The tilapia juvenile (10.29 ± 0.22 g) were reared for 30 days and on day 31, the fish was challenge tested with S. agalactiae (107 CFU ml-1) injected by intraperitoneal route unless the negative control was injected with PBS. The results of this study showed significantly improved growth performances and immune responses (P<0.05), compared to the control group after 30 days of paraprobiotic Bacillus sp. …”
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Influence of Electrostatic Interactions on the Self-Assembly of Charged Peptides by Xue Sun, Bolan Wu, Na Li, Bo Liu, Shijun Li, Liang Ma, Hangyu Zhang

“…In contrast, the strong salt shielding effect and the ionic cross-linking of Z5 hydrogels in PBS result in the bundling of peptide nanofibers, which impedes the recovery of the initial strength post-destruction. …”
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Identification and validation of hub gene TNFAIP6 of fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis by LEI Lei, LYU Yuxin, ZHANG Jing

“…RT-qPCR and Western blot assay demonstrated that TNFAIP6 was significantly highly expressed at mRNA and protein levels in MH7A cells stimulated with 10 ng/mL TNF-α when compared to the cells treated with PBS (P<0.05). CCK-8 and Transwell assays indicated that the silencing of TNFAIP6 markedly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of MH7A cells when compared with the control cells (FAM-si-NC,P<0.05). …”
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Occurrence of Anaplasma sp. infection in pigs (Sus scrofa) at Morgan Farm, Palangka Raya City by Fierdausi Nur’Aini Febriyatin, Boedi Setiawan, Wiwik Misaco Yuniarti, Prima Ayu Wibawati, Aditya Yudhana

“…Samples in this study were obtained from Morgan Farm with a total of 68 pig blood samples, then examined at the Animal Health and Veterinary Public Health Laboratory of Palangka Raya City, then starting with the preparation of PBS solution and making blood review preparations using 10% Giemsa staining. …”
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Genetic diversity of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants-regenerants produced by anther culture by D. Grauda, K. Žagata, G. Lanka, V. Strazdina, V. Fetere, N. Lisina, N. Krasnevska, O. Fokina, A. Mikelsone, R. Ornicans, I. Belogrudova, I. Rashal

“…Flow cytometry was used to test ploidy of 3×103 cells of each green plantregenerant, and universal retrotransposon based iPBS (inter primer binding sites) method were used to establish genetic diversity of plants-regenerants. …”
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SPR Biosensor Based on Bilayer MoS₂ for SARS-CoV-2 Sensing by Talia Tene, Stefano Bellucci, Cristian Vacacela Gomez

“…The optimized configuration, consisting of a 45 nm silver layer, a 13 nm silicon nitride layer, 2 MoS₂ layers, and a 5 nm ssDNA layer, demonstrated superior performance for detecting SARS-CoV-2 in PBS solution. The biosensor exhibited high sensitivity at low viral concentrations, achieving a sensitivity of 375.01°/RIU, a detection accuracy of 0.002, and a quality factor of 38.34 at 1.0 mM SARS-CoV-2 concentration. …”
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IL-33 Aggravates DSS-Induced Acute Colitis in Mouse Colon Lamina Propria by Enhancing Th2 Cell Responses by Junfeng Zhu, Fangli Yang, Lixuan Sang, Jingbo Zhai, Xiaoqing Zhang, Dan Yue, Shengjun Li, Yan Li, Changlong Lu, Xun Sun

“…We found that DSS-induced acute colitis was aggravated by rIL-33 treatment. rIL-33-treated DSS mice showed markedly reduced levels of interferon- (IFN-)γ and IL-17A in their colon lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL), but the levels of Th2 cytokines, such as IL-5 and IL-13, in these cells were significantly increased, compared to DSS mice treated with PBS. Our results suggested that IL-33 stimulated CD4+T cells and caused the cell to adopt a Th2-type response but at the same time suppressed Th17 and Th1 cell responses. …”
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Machine Learning-Based Normal White Blood Cell Multi-Classification Optimization by Taeyeon Gil, Sukjun Lee, Onseok Lee

“…The proposed system in this study is expected to enhance the efficiency of the existing PBS tests.…”
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Rectal application of a highly osmolar personal lubricant in a macaque model induces acute cytotoxicity but does not increase risk of SHIV infection. by Sundaram A Vishwanathan, Monica R Morris, Richard J Wolitski, Wei Luo, Charles E Rose, Dianna M Blau, Theodros Tsegaye, Sherif R Zaki, David A Garber, Leecresia T Jenkins, Tara C Henning, Dorothy L Patton, R Michael Hendry, Janet M McNicholl, Ellen N Kersh

“…<h4>Results</h4>Lubricant increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and tissue sloughing while control buffer (phosphate buffered saline; PBS) did not. However, the estimated AID50 (50% animal infectious dose) was not different in lubricant- and control buffer-treated macaques (p = 0.4467; logistic regression models).…”
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Duration of feed application of mixed powders of Phyllanthus niruri and Allium sativum for the prevention of Aeromonas hydrophila infection in catfish Clarias sp. by Dinamella Wahjuningrum, Iis Widiani, Sri Nuryati

“…This research tested on three different of durations of feed application of P. niruri and A. sativum, namely A (powder of P. niruri and A. sativum feed application during 21 days and infected with A. hydrophila 0,1 mL IP), B (powder of P. niruri and A. sativum feed application during 14 days and injected IP with A. hydrophila 0,1 mL), C (powder of P. niruri and A. sativum feed application during seven days and injected IP with A. hydrophila 0,1 mL), and control, namely K- (without P. niruri and A. sativum feed application and injected IP with PBS 0,1 mL) and K+ (without P. niruri and A. sativum powder application and injected IP with A. hydrophila 0,1 mL). …”
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Bound lipase: an important form of lipase in rice bran (Oryza sativa) by Chengwei Yu, Bin Peng, Ting Luo, Zeyuan Deng

“…Rice bran residue possessed a steady lipase activity ((26.68 ± 3.69)%) after its endogenous lipase was extracted continuously by phosphate buffer solution (PBS) for 24 h. Therefore, the aim of this research was to explore whether there exist any bound lipases in rice bran (Oryza sativa). …”
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Assembled Nanostructured Architectures Studied By Grazing Incidence X-Ray Scattering by Davide Altamura, Teresa Sibillano, Dritan Siliqi, Liberato De Caro, Cinzia Giannini

“…Further examples of grazing incidence studies as performed by the authors with a table‐top set‐up are reported: a GISAXS study of 3D iron oxide nanocrystal superlattices, showing the importance of modelling in order to obtain structural information from data; a combined small/wide angle scattering (GISAXS/GIWAXS) study of 3D PbS nanocrystal superlattices; and a GIWAXS study of P3HT nanofibres, showing how the ordering at the molecular and atomic length scales can be obtained by exploring different angular ranges in the same grazing incidence geometry. …”
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Upregulation of TCPTP in Macrophages Is Involved in IL-35 Mediated Attenuation of Experimental Colitis by Baoren Zhang, Chenglu Sun, Yanglin Zhu, Hong Qin, Dejun Kong, Jingyi Zhang, Bo Shao, Xiang Li, Shaohua Ren, Hongda Wang, Jingpeng Hao, Hao Wang

“…Mice were treated with Pichia/IL-35, empty plasmid-transformed Pichia (Pichia/0), or PBS by gavage, respectively. The expression of TCPTP in macrophages (RAW264.7, BMDMs) and intestinal tissues after IL-35 treatment was detected. …”
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The Use of a Virtual Reality Training System on Gross Motor Function and Balance in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Multiple Single-Subject Experimental Report by Antigoni Kolezoi, Alexandra Lepoura, Anna Christakou, Nikolaos Chrysagis, Panagiota Lalou, Vasiliki Sakellari

“…Using tools like the Gross Motor Function Measure Scale (GMFMS), Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS), and Gross Motor Performance Measure (GMPM), the study found significant improvements in gross motor skills, balance, and motor performance with the use of the Nintendo Wii Balance Board within conventional physiotherapy. …”
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Ascorbic acid-immobilized zinc selenide for electrochemical monitoring of hydrogen peroxide in liver cancer samples by Shan E Zahra Jawad, Sibtain Ahmed, Dilshad Hussain, Javerya Najeeb, Ayub Alam, Muhammad Najam-ul-Haq, Batool Fatima

“…This study describes a medically effective and sensitive electrochemical sensor based on ascorbic acid immobilized zinc selenide nanoparticles (AsA@Zn-Se NPs) decorated on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for determining H2O2 in PBS and human serum samples of liver cancer patients. …”
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Haemophilus parasuis Subunit Vaccines Based on Native Proteins with Affinity to Porcine Transferrin Prevent the Expression of Proinflammatory Chemokines and Cytokines in Pigs by R. Frandoloso, S. Martínez-Martínez, E. F. Rodríguez-Ferri, S. Yubero, D. Rodríguez-Lázaro, M. Hernández, C. B. Gutiérrez-Martín

“…Two vaccines containing native proteins with affinity to porcine transferrin (NPAPTim and NPAPTit) were tested, along with two control groups: one inoculated with PBS instead of antigen (challenge group (CHG)), and another one nonimmunized and noninfected (blank group). …”
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Efficient Self-Assembly of mPEG End-Capped Porous Silica as a Redox-Sensitive Nanocarrier for Controlled Doxorubicin Delivery by Anh Khoa Nguyen, Thi Hiep Nguyen, Bui Quoc Bao, Long Giang Bach, Dai Hai Nguyen

“…The release of DOX from DOX/PNS-SS-ADA@CD-mPEG nanoparticles was controlled and prolonged up to 120 h in PBS medium (pH 7.4), compared to less than 40 h under reducing condition of 5 mM DTT. …”
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Tetrandrine Inhibits Titanium Particle-Induced Inflammatory Osteolysis through the Nuclear Factor-κB Pathway by Zige Liu, Yan Li, Fengying Guo, Chen Zhang, Guorui Song, Jiahao Yang, Desheng Chen

“…We established a Ti particle-induced inflammatory osteolysis mouse model and administered Tet or an equal volume of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Two weeks later, specimens were collected. …”
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Giese-type alkylation of dehydroalanine derivatives via silane-mediated alkyl bromide activation by Perry van der Heide, Michele Retini, Fabiola Fanini, Giovanni Piersanti, Francesco Secci, Daniele Mazzarella, Timothy Noël, Alberto Luridiana

“…The reaction can be performed in a phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution and shows post-functionalization prospects through pathways involving classical peptide chemistry.…”
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