Potato protease inhibitors, a functional food material with antioxidant and anticancer potential by Yaotong Liu, Yuanyuan Bian, Yan Bai, Siqi Yu, Yuxuan Tian, Jie Li, Suhong Li, Tuoping Li

“…The results showed that when the concentration of PPIs was 5 mg/mL, the peroxyl radical scavenging value was (2119 ± 204) mg VCE/100 g, and the cellular antioxidant activity values were (45.83 ± 3.5) (no PBS wash) and (33.25 ± 4.4) µmol QE/100 g (PBS wash). …”
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Activity of an anaerobic Thermoanaerobacterales hydrolase on aliphatic and aromatic polyesters by Chiara Siracusa, Chiara Siracusa, Lisa Fohler, Lukas Leibetseder, Gerald Striedner, Chris Oostenbrink, Felice Quartinello, Georg M. Guebitz, Georg M. Guebitz, Doris Ribitsch, Doris Ribitsch

“…The specificity of Thb for various polyesters, including polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT), polybutylene succinate (PBS), and polylactic acid (PLA), was compared to the well-studied cutinase HiC from Humicola insolens. …”
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Natural cellulose fibers derived from Dracaena angolensis (Welw. ex Carrière) Byng & Christenh. demonstrate potential as a non-absorbable surgical suture biomaterial by Piyaporn Kampeerapappun, Scarlett Desclaux, Kasem Rattanapinyopituk, Tanyalak Srisuk, Ruedee Hemstapat

“…The extracted fibers exhibited good mechanical properties, with weight losses of 7.4% in deionized water (DI) and 13.7% in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). In comparison, the commercial braided silk sutures (Mersilk braided silk non-absorbable suture) used as a control showed no weight loss. …”
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Application of vegetable oils as pharmaceutical ingredient: the impact of liquid lipid type on the characteristics of nanostructured lipid carrier by Annas Binarjo, Ernidawati, Khusnul Khotimah, Iis Wahyuningsih, Nuri Ari Efiana

“…The colloidal characteristics of NLC dispersion in water and 20 mM PBS pH 7 were determined, including transmittance, particle size, size distribution, zeta potential, loading capacity (LC), and loading efficiency (LE) of capsanthin in NLC. …”
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Copper Sulfide Catalyzed Porous Fluorine-Doped Tin Oxide Counter Electrode for Quantum Dot-Sensitized Solar Cells with High Fill Factor by Satoshi Koyasu, Daiki Atarashi, Etsuo Sakai, Masahiro Miyauchi

“…This solar cell device, which was fabricated with the presently designed porous-FTO counter electrode as the cathode and a PbS-modified electrode as the photoanode, exhibited a FF of 58%, which is the highest among PbS-based QDSSCs reported to date.…”
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Optimizing Tongue Fluid Sampling and Testing Protocols for Enhanced PRRSV Isolation from Perinatal Swine Mortalities by Onyekachukwu Henry Osemeke, Isadora Machado, Elisa De Conti, Mariah Musskopf, Mafalda Pedro Mil-Homens, Samuel Stutzman, Baoqing Guo, Thomas Petznick, Gustavo De-Sousa-E Silva, Phillip Gauger, Jianqiang Zhang, Daniel C. L. Linhares

“…The VI success rate was 22.6%, 12.1%, 2.8%, and 2.8% in the PBS, VTM, freeze-thaw, and homogenate groups, respectively. …”
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Enhancing the ductility of cast Mg-Li alloys via dispersed α-Mg phase mitigating the dimension and distribution of interspersed eutectics along grain boundaries by Yu Wang, Ziyang Xia, Jingpeng Xiong, Gang Zeng, Penghao Wang, Lan Luo, Ruizhi Wu, Jian Wang, Yong Liu

“…Interspersed eutectics (primarily the reticulated I-phase) often form along phase boundaries (PBs) and grain boundaries (GBs) which strengthen the alloy but cause the loss of ductility due to the brittle behavior of I-phase. …”
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Use of Chitosan to Prevent Aeromonas hydrophila Infection on Catfish Clarias sp. by . Sukenda, L. Jamal, D. Wahjuningrum, A. Hasan

“…Negative control injected with PBS and positive control injected with only A. hydrophila were included in the experiment. …”
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Transplantation of Rat Mesenchymal Stem Cells Overexpressing Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 2α Improves Blood Perfusion and Arteriogenesis in a Rat Hindlimb Ischemia Model by Weifeng Lu, Xiaoli Chen, Yi Si, Shichai Hong, Zhengyu Shi, Weiguo Fu

“…This study aims to test the potential therapeutic benefits of rat bone marrow MSCs overexpressing hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (rMSCsHIF-2α) in a rat hindlimb ischemia model. PBS, rMSCs, or rMSCsHIF-2α were injected into rat ischemic hindlimb. …”
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Oral Immunotherapy Using Probiotic Ice Cream Containing Recombinant Food-Grade Lactococcus lactis Which Inhibited Allergic Responses in a BALB/c Mouse Model by Alireza Vasiee, Fereshteh Falah, Mojtaba Sankian, Farideh Tabatabaei-Yazdi, Seyed Ali Mortazavi

“…The levels of IFN-γ and TGF-β cytokines increased in the 20 μl ice cream treatment group as well as 40 μg/ml pure allergen compared with the PBS-treated group, and IL-4 cytokine levels decreased compared with the PBS-treated group. …”
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Treatment of Hyperoxia-Induced Lung Injury with Lung Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Mice by Yabo Mei, Chong Chen, Hui Dong, Wanqiao Zhang, Yan Wang, Ming Chi, Zhichun Feng

“…Neonatal KM mice were divided into 3 groups (hyperoxia + L-MSC group, hyperoxia + PBS group, and air control group). Mice in the hyperoxia + L-MSC group were treated with L-MSCs at 3, 7, and 14 days after birth. …”
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人纤溶酶原K5体内抑制Lewis肺癌肿瘤生长与转移

“…【方法】 采用腋下接种肿瘤细胞的方法建立Lewis肺癌细胞皮下种植瘤小鼠模型,分为PBS对照组和K5治疗组,观察各组肿瘤生长情况,测量肿瘤大小,制备小鼠体质量-时间曲线和肿瘤体积-时间曲线;采用皮下种植瘤剔除术建立Lewis肺癌自发性肺转移模型,术后分为PBS对照组和K5治疗组,观察各组小鼠肺组织转移瘤数量,取肺组织进行病理学分析?…”
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Oncolytic influenza virus enhances killing effect of gemcitabine against pancreatic cancer cells by MENG Zihe, MENG Zihe, XU Yongru, DENG Zhaoda

“…PBS （100 μL/animal） or OvFlu-GM-CSF virus （1×107 PFU/100 μL） was given to the mice of the corresponding groups through intratumoral injection， while GEM （100 mg/kg） was injected intraperitoneally， once per 3 days， for totally 9 times. …”
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CTLA-4Ig融合蛋白对ApoE基因缺陷小鼠动脉粥样 硬化的抑制作用

“…【目的】 探讨CTLA-4Ig融合蛋白对高脂饮食饲养的载脂蛋白E基因缺陷小鼠(ApoE-/-)动脉粥样硬化病变的抑制作用65377;【方法】 25只10周龄ApoE-/-小鼠,高脂饮食饲养4周后,随机取5只验证AS病变(对照组);剩余20只随机分为4组(每组5只),继续高脂饮食饲养,分别采用CTLA-4Ig65380;PBS65380;IgG1腹腔注射,第4组不予处理;8周后取小鼠主动脉进行病理学检查,检测AS相关指标,包括斑块面积/管腔面积比65380;血管内膜/中膜厚度比,斑块内脂质65380;胶原和平滑肌细胞含量65377;【结果】 高脂饮食饲养4周后,出现明显AS病变65377;继续高脂饮食饲养8周,形成典型AS斑块,CTLA-4Ig组65380;PBS组65380;IgG1组和空白组的斑块面积/管腔面积比分别为0.27 ± 0.0865380;0.40 ± 0.0865380;0.43 ± 0.08和0.46 ± 0.10,较4周时(0.05 ± 0.01)明显增加(P < 0.05),4组的血管内膜/中膜厚度比分别为2.6 ± 0.665380;6.0 ± 0.965380;5.7 ± 0.8和5.9 ± 0.6,高于对照组(0.5 ± 0.1,P < 0.05),4组斑块内脂质含量(%)分别为26.0 ± 3.065380;40.8 ± 5.765380;40.6 ± 3.0和43.2 ± 5.7较4周时明显增加(7.2 ± 1.4,P < 0.05 )65377;采用CTLA-4Ig进行干预后,其斑块面积/管腔面积比65380;血管内膜/中膜厚度比和斑块内脂质含量显著低于PBS65380;IgG1和空白处理组(P < 0.05),而后3组间上述指标的差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05);CTLA-4Ig组斑块内胶原含量(16.0 ± 1.1)% 高于其他3组[(8.6 ± 1.2)%65380;(9.2 ± 1.5)%和(9.0 ± 1.3)%,P < 0.05)],其斑块内平滑肌细胞含量(11.8 ± 1.0)%明显高于其他3组[(7.8 ± 0.8)%65380;(7.5 ± 0.9)%和(7.3 ± 0.7)%,P < 0.05)],另外3组间上述指标的差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)65377;【结论】 CTLA-4Ig融合蛋白能够阻抑高脂饮食饲养的ApoE-/- 小鼠动脉粥样硬化进程, 其增加斑块内血管平滑肌细胞生成胶原作用有助增加AS斑块的稳定性65377;…”
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Synthesis and Characterization of Lyophilized Chitosan-Based Hydrogels Cross-Linked with Benzaldehyde for Controlled Drug Release by Fouad Damiri, Yahya Bachra, Chaimaa Bounacir, Asmae Laaraibi, Mohammed Berrada

“…The results show that lyophilized N-benzyl chitosan had a maximum swelling ratio of 720 ± 2% by immersion in phosphate-buffered saline solutions (PBS) (pH = 7.4 at 37°C). In vitro drug releases were evaluated in PBS, and the obtained results show that the maximum drug release after 24 h was 42% for caffeine, 99% for 5-FU, and 94% for ascorbic acid. …”
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Understanding the synergistic interaction between a 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivative and amphotericin B using spectroscopic and theoretical studies by Lidia Ślusarczyk, Klaudia Rząd, Grzegorz Niedzielski, Mikołaj Gurba, Jose Chavez, Luca Ceresa, Joe Kimball, Ignacy Gryczyński, Zygmunt Gryczyński, Mariusz Gagoś, James Hooper, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk

“…Absorption spectra measured for the system revealed discrepancies in terms of the shapes of absorption bands, particularly in PBS. Fluorescence emission spectra revealed that the addition of C1 molecules triggered significant changes in the emission spectra of the system. …”
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Evaluation of 16s Long Read Metabarcoding for Characterizing the Microbiome and Salmonella Contamination of Retail Poultry Meat by Zachary Tobar, Katie Y. Lee, Megan E. Gaa, Bryshal P. Moore, Xunde Li, Maurice E. Pitesky

“…Limits of detection (LOD) were assessed by utilizing a serial dilution of a pure culture of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Heidelberg spiked into either sterile 1 × PBS or 1 × PBS rinsate of a Salmonella culture-negative chicken meat sample. …”
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Notch Signaling Pathway Is Involved in bFGF-Induced Corneal Lymphangiogenesis and Hemangiogenesis by Fang Xie, Xue Zhang, Wenting Luo, Hongyan Ge, Dawei Sun, Ping Liu

“…Corneal stroma of C57BL/6 mice was implanted with bFGF- or phosphate-buffered saline- (PBS-) soaked pellets. Corneal lymphangiogenesis and neovascularization were evaluated by immunofluorescence. …”
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Inhalative IL-10 Attenuates Pulmonary Inflammation following Hemorrhagic Shock without Major Alterations of the Systemic Inflammatory Response by Philipp Kobbe, Philipp Lichte, Helen Schreiber, Lucy Kathleen Reiss, Stefan Uhlig, Hans-Christoph Pape, Roman Pfeifer

“…Male C57/BL6 mice (8 animals per group) were subjected to pressure-controlled hemorrhagic shock for 1.5 hrs followed by resuscitation and inhalative administration of either 50 μL PBS (Shock group) or 50 μg/kg recombinant mouse IL-10 dissolved in 50 μL PBS (Shock + IL-10 group). …”
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Release of tumour necrosis factor alpha into bronchial alveolar lavage fluid following antigen challenge in passively sensitized guinea-pigs by D. E. Kelly, M. Denis, D. F. Biggs

“…Their tracheas were cannulated under pentobarbital anaesthesia and bronchial alveolar lavage (BAL) was performed with 2 × 5 ml PBS containing BSA (1%) (n = 1 group), or BSA (1%) and aprotinin (1000 KIU/ml) (n = 4 groups), at 30, 60, 90 or 120 min post-inhalations. …”
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