Gilded-Age Entrepreneurs and Local Notables: The Case of the California “Big Four,” 1861-1877 by Evelyne Payen-Variéras

“…The associates’ decisions in their dealings with business partners, professionals and politicians in Northern California did not reflect simple alternatives between integration and market transactions as described in the classical Chandlerian synthesis and the mid-twentieth century theory of the firm. The paper highlights the significance of partnership agreements, credit relations and negotiations with local boosters and politicians. …”
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Inmigración y subalternidad en el cine argentino: Nobleza Gaucha by Pablo Alvira, Ronen Man

“…In the early twentieth century, the fear of cosmopolitan immigration crowd, led to a large number of Argentine intellectuals and politicians to consider the need to create a sense of belonging to the nation, to build an Argentine identity that allows to "nationalize" the immigrant conglomerate. …”
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Reading the Bibliographies of the Women’s Rest Tour Association: Cultural Travel in the Long Nineteenth Century by Julia Carlson

“…The Boston-based Women’s Rest Tour Association provided a carefully selected reading list for its “literary pilgrims” from its founding in the 1890s into the twentieth century. As an organization designed to support educated American women traveling on a budget, the WRTA provided members with a range of information to facilitate travel, including a handbook containing two lengthy bibliographies. …”
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De l’Antiquité à la science-fiction : la réinvention de Babylone dans les représentations artistiques occidentales des xxe et xxie siècles by Ariane Aujoulat

“…The iconography of Babylon and the Tower of Babel, often confused legendary places, underwent a surprising transformation beginning in the twentieth century. From an ancient Eastern city, Babylon became a contemporary Western megalopolis and the myth of Babel was the object of a total inversion of values: from nostalgia for the cohesion through language to the fear of having a unique language imposed on oneself and losing all individuality. …”
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Transforming global governance: Crafting sustainable peace through Global South perspectives by Ibrahim Khan

“… This essay examines the need for long-term peacekeeping to protect future generations, drawing on early twentieth-century critiques of international legal and political infrastructure, from parts of the world now commonly referred to as the Global South. …”
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Categories of return among Spanish refugees and other migrants 1950s-1990s: Hypotheses and early observations by Alicia Pozo-Gutierrez, Scott Soo

“…Whether for ideological or material circumstances, migration was a defining experience for twentieth-century Spain. While studies have focused on the experiences, issues and challenges of migrants in the various host countries, there is a lacuna in our understanding of return migration to Spain. …”
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The gospel contra Nietzsche: a South African literary critique of Wille zur Macht by F. Hale

“…The present article explores how Joseph Doke, a scholarly, transplanted Englishman who served as a Baptist pastor in Johannesburg and elsewhere and wrote the first biography of Gandhi, used fiction to criticise Nietzsche early in the twentieth century. His novel The queen of the secret city (1916) embodies an explicit rejection of this German philosopher’s pivotal notion of Wille zur Macht (will to power). …”
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معاصر تحریکی سیرتی ادب میں اصول ِتدریج کی روایت by Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Hassaan Saeed

“… In the Twentieth century, after the collapse of a central political institution such as the caliphate, many movements came into existence for the revival of Islam. …”
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معاصر تحریکی سیرتی ادب میں اصول ِتدریج کی روایت by Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Hassaan Saeed

“… In the Twentieth century, after the collapse of a central political institution such as the caliphate, many movements came into existence for the revival of Islam. …”
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Fictional Characters in Literary Theory — A Short History by Marcus HARTNER

“…By sketching the different stages in the development of character theory since the mid-twentieth century the article shows that the influential (post)structuralist conception of characters as signs, symbols, and (plot) functions, which still occupies a key position in literary scholarship today, fails to do justice to the fascination literary figures frequently exert on readers. …”
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Eliot’s Modernist Manifesto by Viorica Patea

“…This article reconsiders Eliot’s concepts of tradition and impersonality in the light of the revolution that took place in the visual arts in the first decades of the twentieth century, whose experimental language he tried to transfer to poetic practice. …”
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Sculpteurs d’une cause perdue : statues et causes d’une perte ? by Véronique Ha Van

“…In order to grasp the process that led to the monumentalizing of the late-nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century South and thus in part help us to understand the ramifications of the very existence of those works in today’s world, this article looks at a number of these artists—Antonin Mercié, Alexander Doyle, Frederick W. …”
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Rosyjskie. Europejskie. Oświecone. Rozumne. O obecności Rosji w Azji Środkowej (i nie tylko) by Andrzej Polak

“…The author of the paper, using tools developed by postcolonial researchers, discusses the works of twentieth-century Russian writers. The setting of these texts is in the territory of Central Asia, Siberia or the Caucasus, constituting one of the factors defining them as the so-called Eastern text of Russian literature. …”
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Réécriture des pièces de Shakespeare : l’enjeu de la modernité ? by Estelle Rivier

“…This study is based on the work of three twentieth-century writers – Arnold Wesker, Edward Bond and Tom Stoppard – who rewrote Shakespearean plays: The Merchant of Venice (The Merchant, 1977), King Lear (Lear, 1972) and Hamlet (Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead, 1967). …”
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Guerres et violences à l’abbaye d’Ardenne by Yves Chevrefils Desbiolles

“…Ardenne Abbey (on the outskirts of Caen, Basse-Normandie, France) is nowadays the headquarters of the Institut Mémoires de l’Édition Contemporaine, which houses archives dedicated to the intellectual life of the twentieth century. The mission of the IMEC is well suited to such a place: the images associated with the word “abbey” revolve around the idea of Peace through study, prayer or choral singing. …”
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Jude the Obscure de Thomas Hardy et l’autorité de la lettre by Stéphanie Bernard

“…Nonetheless, his last novel Jude the Obscure, announced the era of modernity which started with the twentieth century, just before he abandoned fiction to concentrate on poetry. …”
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Charles Bukowski’s Online Reading Community: Safeguarding the Author’s Work by Building a Consensus by Amélie Macaud

“…This article is a study of a lively online reading community focusing on mid-twentieth century Californian writer Charles Bukowski. …”
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A circulação de práticas e ideias balneárias: a estância termal de Poços de Caldas (MG) by Lohanne Fernanda Gonçalves Ferreira, Rogério Silva-Júnior

“…To understand some dimensions of circulation practices and spa ideas between the coast and the spas, we start from the experience of one of the main seaside cities of the early twentieth century in Brazil, Poços de Caldas (MG). In addition to the historiography built on the city, we analyze in this article the occurrences about the city in the articles of the magazine O Cruzeiro. …”
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Metabolic cities of the future. Between Agriculture and Architecture by Leonardo Zaffi, Michele D'Ostuni

“…Resuming the fascination of mega-structures proposed in the second half of the twentieth century, in the gap between utopia and dystopia, this essay investigates models and solutions for the integration of agricultural production systems within above-ground architectures, designed to meet the demand for new living spaces in future ultra-populated cities, as a possible response to the soil impoverishment that made it difficult to implement traditional farming systems in and around urban areas.…”
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La migración de pueblos indígenas de Bolivia y Ecuador en España by Pilar Cruz Zúñiga

“…During the final years of the twentieth century international migration from Latin America towards other regions increased significantly; this involved indigenous peoples who prior to that had been characterized by their participation in migratory movements within their own countries. …”
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