L-shaped association between dietary iron intake and HPV infection: a cross-sectional analysis based on national health and nutrition examination survey 2005–2016 by Xiaotong Chen, Haiwei Chen, Yuling Chen, Lixin Tang, Jiaqi Liu, Yu-Hua Ou

“…Additionally, we implemented smooth curve fitting and threshold effect analysis, to delineate the complex, nonlinear association between iron intake and HPV infection. …”
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Oat Nutrition, Traits, and Yield as Affected by the Interaction of Nitrogen Rates and Plant Density in Sandy Soil by Zhiling Lin, Jianqiang Deng, Kai Gao, Zhixin Zhang

“…The pasture biomass increased nonlinearly with increasing planting density and N rate, and the maximum thresholds for C, N, and P uptake were 389.43 g kg⁻¹, 11.19 g kg⁻¹, and 3.10 g kg⁻¹ at N3, respectively. …”
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Genetic Profile and Associated Characteristics of 150 Korean Patients with Retinitis Pigmentosa by You Na Kim, Yoon Jeon Kim, Chang Ahn Seol, Eul-Ju Seo, Joo Yong Lee, Young Hee Yoon

“…The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) deterioration and photoreceptor disruption progression rates were determined based on the major causative mutational genes using nonlinear mixed models, and the differences among them were investigated using the interaction effect. …”
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Exploring the Association Between Triglyceride-Glucose Indices and Their Derivatives With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Insights From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surve... by Zhou Y, Xue F

“…TyG showed a linear relationship with OSA, while TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR exhibited nonlinear relationships. The diagnostic capability was highest for TyG-WC, with an AUC of 0.647.Conclusion: The study confirms strong associations between OSA and the TyG indices, particularly TyG-WC, which demonstrates significant predictive power for OSA risk. …”
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Short-term association between ambient air pollution and childhood non-allergic rhinitis: A time-series study at a National Children's Regional Medical Center, in Hefei, China, fro... by Wei Cui, Hongxia Gao, Liran Zhu, Yuanyuan Xu, Haipeng Liu

“…A quasi-Poisson generalized linear regression model combined with a distributed lag nonlinear model was applied to evaluate the association between air pollution and outpatient visits for childhood NAR. …”
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Triglyceride-glucose-body mass index and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases: a meta-analysis of cohort studies by Xiyun Rao, Ziyi Xin, Qingwen Yu, Lanlan Feng, Yongmin Shi, Ting Tang, Xuhan Tong, Siqi Hu, Yao You, Shenghui Zhang, Jiake Tang, Xingwei Zhang, Mingwei Wang, Ling Liu

“…Robust error meta-regression was used to fit the nonlinear dose–response relationship. Statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4 and STATA 18.0. …”
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ANN-based two hidden layers computational procedure for analysis of heat transport dynamics in polymer-based trihybrid Carreau nanofluid flow over needle geometry by Adil Darvesh, Fethi Mohamed Maiz, Basma Souayeh, Luis Jaime Collantes Santisteban, Hakim AL. Garalleh, Afnan Al Agha, Lucerito Katherine Ortiz García, Nicole Anarella Sánchez-Miranda

“…Their advantages in handling nonlinearities and modeling high-dimensional data through integrating physical laws make them far superior to simpler machine learning and other traditional techniques, despite requiring greater data and computational resources. …”
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Correcting forest aboveground biomass biases by incorporating independent canopy height retrieval with conventional machine learning models using GEDI and ICESat-2 data by Biao Zhang, Zhichao Wang, Tiantian Ma, Zhihao Wang, Hao Li, Wenxu Ji, Mingyang He, Ao Jiao, Zhongke Feng

“…The correction of AGB estimates across various gradients with CH features demonstrated a nonlinear pattern, initially increasing, then decreasing, and subsequently rebounding. …”
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The impact of dietary metabolizable energy levels on the performance of medium-sized geese: A systematic review by Shuo Wang, Chunbo Wei, Jiaxin Yan, Ying Zhang

“…The analysis included tests for inconsistencies in the results by inconsistency model, assessment of publication bias by funnel plots, and data sorting through the robust error meta-regression model. Additionally, nonlinear dose-response curves were plotted by the restricted cubic spline method to explore the relationships between metabolizable energy levels and production performance indicators. …”
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Ecological security driving mechanisms and optimization of zoning in Chinese urban agglomerations: A case study of the central plains urban agglomeration by Jinyuan Zhang, Xuning Qiao, Yongju Yang, Liang Liu, Yalong Li, Shengnan Zhao

“…Interaction detection factors exhibit varying degrees of dual-factor or nonlinear enhancement, with the combined strength of positive effects being greater than that of negative effects; (3) The spatial distribution characteristics of ecological security zones in the CPUA align with those of ecological security conditions. …”
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Association between remnant cholesterol (RC) and endometriosis: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES data by Zeru Chen, Ruixuan Li, Jiajie Guo, Xiaorong Ye, Yang Zhou, Mingzhu Cao

“…Lastly, both linear and nonlinear relationships were validated using generalized additive models (GAM), while dose-response connections were investigated through restricted cubic spline models. …”
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Impact of endometrial thickness and its combined effect with maternal age on singleton adverse neonatal outcomes in frozen–thawed embryo transfer cycles by Jie Wang, Jie Wang, Lina Gao, Lina Gao, Qiaoyun Huang, Qiaoyun Huang, Weihua Jiang, Weihua Jiang, Linjun Chen, Linjun Chen, Shanshan Wang, Shanshan Wang

“…Among women aged over 35, EMT of 9.6–10.5 mm was associated with a significantly lower incidence of LBW compared to thinner EMT, without increasing the risk of ANOs related to thicker EMT.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated the independent nonlinear impact of EMT on PTB, EPTB, LGA, and LBW. …”
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Association between the C-reactive protein-triglyceride–glucose index and endometriosis: a cross-sectional study using data from the national health and nutrition examination surve... by Yanan Ren, Ren Xu, Junqin Zhang, Ying Jin, Di Zhang, Yazhuo Wang, Luyang Su

“…Restricted cubic splines revealed a nonlinear positive association between CTI and the prevalence of EM. …”
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Forecasting stroke and stroke-driven dementia in a rapidly ageing population: a model-based analysis of alternative projection scenarios for Ireland by Anne Hickey, Eithne Sexton, Frances Horgan, Kathleen E Bennett, Ronan Collins, Martin O'Flaherty, Suzanne Timmons, Chris Macey, David J. Williams

“…We defined trend scenarios based on stability and low and high decline, broadly based on the lower and upper bounds of evidence for trends to date. We also examined nonlinear trends involving decelerating decline over time and varying trends by age.Setting/participants The study is conducted on the Irish population aged 40–89 years in the period 2022–2046. …”
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Comprehensive Sepsis Risk Prediction in Leukemia Using a Random Forest Model and Restricted Cubic Spline Analysis by Kou Y, Tian Y, Ha Y, Wang S, Sun X, Lv S, Luo B, Yang Y, Qin L

“…Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) were applied to interpret the results, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression explored the nonlinear relationships between variables and sepsis risk. …”
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Pharmacokinetics of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone in neonatal mice with hypoxia-ischemia related brain injury by Sin Yin Lim, Cameron O. Scarlett, Sefer Yapici, Peter Ferrazzano, Peter Ferrazzano, Pelin Cengiz, Pelin Cengiz

“…A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to quantitate the drug concentration in plasma samples, as well as in samples from the left and right brain hemispheres. A nonlinear mixed-effects model was used to analyze the plasma and brain concentration-time data. …”
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Analysis of Lens Thickness Distribution Based on Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography (SS-OCT) by Xi Feng, Yong Wang, Jianheng Liang, Yali Xu, Julio Ortega-Usobiaga, Danmin Cao

“…Age (p ≤ 0.001, r = 0.348) showed a moderate positive correlation, whereas MK (p ＜ 0.05, r = 0.011), CCT (p ≤ 0.001, r = 0.041) had a weak positive correlation and WTW (p ≤ 0.001, r = –0.034) had a weak negative correlation with LT. A nonlinear correlation was found between LT and AL. …”
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Adaptability of spring oat yield in the environments of the Near-Irtysh area in Omsk Province by P. N. Nikolaev, N. I. Aniskov, O. A. Yusova, I. V. Safonova

“…Russell) were ‘Orion’, ‘Irtysh 21’, ‘Tarsky 2’, ‘Pamyati Bogachkova’, ‘Irtysh 13’, ‘Skakun’ and ‘Sibirsky Gerkules’ with minimal nonlinear deviations from the regression line (0.1–0.3). …”
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Association Between Weight-Adjusted Waist Index and Cognitive Function in Older Adults Without Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study by Wang Q, Yin Y, Liu W, Li L, Wang Z, Tian Y, Fan J

“…The relationship between WWI and DSST was found to be nonlinear (P for non-linearity=0.022). Additionally, the association between WWI and CERAD was also observed (P for non-linearity=0.042). …”
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Emerging Implications of Serum Resolvin D2 as a Biochemical Marker for Severity Assessment and Prognosis Prediction Following Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Prospective... by Zong H, Zong Y, Li J, Zhao S, Wu W, Chen R, Zhao G, Li Z

“…A linear correlation was observed between serum RvD2 levels and the likelihood of poor prognosis (P for nonlinear = 0.090). Serum RvD2 levels exhibited strong discrimination efficiency for the probability of poor prognosis (P< 0.001), with similar ability as Rotterdam scores (P=0.337) and GCS scores (P=0.300). …”
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