Pathological Significance of Mitochondrial Glycation by Pamela Boon Li Pun, Michael P. Murphy

“…We discuss here the possibility that mitochondrial glycation contributes to disease, focussing on diabetes, ageing, cancer, and neurodegeneration, and highlight the current limitations in our understanding of the pathological significance of mitochondrial glycation.…”
Get full text

Heat Shock Protein 70 Neutralizes Apoptosis-Inducing Factor by Guido Kroemer

“…Deficient apoptosis participates in cancerogenesis, whereas excessive apoptosis leads to unwarranted cell loss accounting for disparate diseases including neurodegeneration and AIDS. One critical step in the process of apoptosis consists in the permeabilization of mitochondrial membranes, leading to the release of proteins which normally are secluded behind the outer mitochondrial membrane[1]. …”
Get full text

The Role of Mitochondrial Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns in Chronic Neuroinflammation by Ekta Bajwa, Caitlin B. Pointer, Andis Klegeris

“…In this review, we highlight the mitochondrial DAMPs cytochrome c (CytC), mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), and cardiolipin and explore their potential role in the central nervous system disorders including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease, which are characterized by neurodegeneration and chronic neuroinflammation.…”
Get full text

Targeting early tau pathology: probiotic diet enhances cognitive function and reduces inflammation in a preclinical Alzheimer’s model by Cassandra M. Flynn, Tamunotonye Omoluabi, Alyssa M. Janes, Emma J. Rodgers, Sarah E. Torraville, Brenda L. Negandhi, Timothy E. Nobel, Shyamchand Mayengbam, Qi Yuan

“…Probiotic supplementation could offer a novel early intervention strategy for AD, highlighting the pivotal role of gut health in neurodegeneration.…”
Get full text

Endothelial and neuronal engagement by AAV-BR1 gene therapy alleviates neurological symptoms and lipid deposition in a mouse model of Niemann-Pick type C2 by Charlotte Laurfelt Munch Rasmussen, Signe Frost Frederiksen, Christian Würtz Heegaard, Maj Schneider Thomsen, Eva Hede, Bartosz Laczek, Jakob Körbelin, Daniel Wüstner, Louiza Bohn Thomsen, Markus Schwaninger, Ole N. Jensen, Torben Moos, Annette Burkhart

“…In a murine NP-C2 model, otherwise successful intravenous Niemann-Pick C2 protein (NPC2) replacement therapy fails to alleviate progressive neurodegeneration as infused NPC2 cannot cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB). …”
Get full text

Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Cognition: A Review of Clinical, Neuropsychologic, and Neuroradiologic Features by Ozgul Ekmekci

“…A young age at disease onset is the strongest risk factor for these impairments, which may be due to the effect of inflammatory demyelination and neurodegeneration on the developing central nervous system and neural networks in children. …”
Get full text

Amyloid-Related Imaging Abnormalities in Anti-Amyloid Monoclonal Antibody Therapy for Alzheimer’s Disease: Expert Recommendation for Standard MRI Protocol by Jimin Kim, Eunhee Kim, Mina Park, Yun Jung Bae, Chong Hyun Suh, Sung-Hye You, Younghee Yim, Ho-Joon Lee, Jin Wook Choi, Se Won Oh, Won-Jin Moon

“…To optimize ARIA monitoring in Korean clinical settings, the Korean Society of Neuroradiology (KSNR) and the Age and Neurodegeneration Imaging (ANDI) Study Group proposed MRI protocol recommendations on essential MR sequences, MRI acquisition parameters, timing and condition of MRI examinations, and essential details to provide a scientific basis for maximizing the safety and efficacy of AD treatment. …”
Get full text

Pathways and Patterns of Cell Loss in Verified Alzheimer’s Disease: A Factor and Cluster Analysis of Clinico-Pathological Subgroups by H. Förstl, R. Levy, A. Burns, P. Luthert, N. Cairns

“…Both may reflect functional neuroanatomical connections which may act as pathways of neurodegeneration in AD. A cluster analysis based on these neuron numbers yielded three groups of patients: Cluster A with low hippocampo-parahippocampo-parietal cell counts, Cluster B with well-preserved neuron numbers, and Cluster C with low coeruleo-frontal neuron numbers. …”
Get full text

The underappreciated contribution of Oskar Fischer to the knowledge of Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration by Eliasz Engelhardt, Lea Tenenholz Grinberg

“…ABSTRACT Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (FTLD) encompasses progressive neurodegeneration primarily affecting the frontal and/or temporal lobes, presenting in varied pathological entities. …”
Get full text

Advances in Research Related to MicroRNA for Diabetic Retinopathy by Yahan Luo, Chunxia Li

“…MicroRNAs have been shown to play a significant role in DR, particularly in the molecular mechanisms of inflammation, oxidative stress, and neurodegeneration. The aim of this review is to systematically summarize the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms of miRNAs involved in the occurrence and development of DR, mainly from the pathogenesis of oxidative stress, inflammation, and neovascularization. …”
Get full text

Regulation of Glial Cell Functions by PPAR-𝜸 Natural and Synthetic Agonists by Antonietta Bernardo, Luisa Minghetti

“…In the present article, we will review the recent findings supporting a major role for PPAR-𝛾 agonists in controlling neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration through their activities on glial cells, with a particular emphasis on microglial cells as major macrophage population of the brain parenchyma and main actors in brain inflammation.…”
Get full text

Mitochondrial Stress Signalling: HTRA2 and Parkinson's Disease by Enrico Desideri, L. Miguel Martins

“…Mitochondria have a crucial role in supplying energy to the brain, and their deterioration can affect the function and viability of neurons, contributing to neurodegeneration. These organelles can sow the seeds of their own demise because they generate damaging oxygen-free radicals as a byproduct of their intrinsic physiological functions. …”
Get full text

The link between optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis. Literature review by A. Kubiliūtė, R. Liutkevičienė

“… Optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis are connected via processes of demyelination and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system. Immuno-modulated myelin sheathing and axonal loss causing irreversible neurological dysfunction can be found in both pathologies. …”
Get full text

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ and PGC-1α in Cancer: Dual Actions as Tumor Promoter and Suppressor by Seong-Hoon Yun, Sang-Heum Han, Joo-In Park

“…The role of PGC-1α in diabetes, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular disease is particularly well known. …”
Get full text

Microglia and Spinal Cord Synaptic Plasticity in Persistent Pain by Sarah Taves, Temugin Berta, Gang Chen, Ru-Rong Ji

“…Microglial activation has been strongly implicated in neurodegeneration in the brain. Increasing evidence also suggests an important role of spinal cord microglia in the genesis of persistent pain, by releasing the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), Interleukine-1beta (IL-1β), and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). …”
Get full text

LncRNAs: New Players in Apoptosis Control by Marianna Nicoletta Rossi, Fabrizio Antonangeli

“…Growing amount of data suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a new class of regulators involved not only in physiological processes, such as imprinting and differentiation, but also in cancer progression and neurodegeneration. Apoptosis is a well regulated type of programmed cell death necessary for correct organ development and tissue homeostasis. …”
Get full text

Chemogenomics for steroid hormone receptors (NR3) by Espen Schallmayer, Laura Isigkeit, Lewis Elson, Susanne Müller, Stefan Knapp, Julian A. Marschner, Daniel Merk

“…Although several NR3 ligands such as glucocorticoids are invaluable drugs, this family is only partially explored, for example, in autoimmune diseases and neurodegeneration, but may hold therapeutic potential in new areas. …”
Get full text

Brain Plasticity and Cell Competition: Immediate Early Genes Are the Focus by Pavel P. Tregub, Yulia K. Komleva, Maria V. Kukla, Anton S. Averchuk, Anna S. Vetchinova, Natalia A. Rozanova, Sergey N. Illarioshkin, Alla B. Salmina

“…In this review, we analyze the current understanding of the role of IEGs (c-Fos, c-Myc, Arg3.1/Arc) in controlling brain plasticity in physiological and pathological conditions, including brain aging and neurodegeneration. This work might inspire new gene therapy strategies targeting IEGs to regulate synaptic plasticity, and potentially prevent or mitigate neurodegenerative diseases.…”
Get full text

Amyloid Imaging in Aging and Dementia: Testing the Amyloid Hypothesis In Vivo by G. D. Rabinovici, W. J. Jagust

“…As patients progress to dementia, clinical decline and neurodegeneration accelerate and proceed independently of amyloid accumulation. …”
Get full text

Lifestyle components of the global oldest old assessed as effective nonpharmacologic strategies to maintain lifelong cognitive and functional health by Cécil J.W. Meulenberg

“…This paper will summarize scientific studies focussing on cardiovascular and cognitive health benefits induced by: Physical activity through exercise, light to moderate intensity, and nonexercise outdoors activities; Nutrition through the Mediterranean diet and the incidence of neurodegeneration; Cognitive engagement through cognitive-motor exercises, language usage, and meditation; and finally: Sleep. …”
Get full text