Removing limitations surrounding terpenoid biosynthesis by biotechnological techniques in Ferula sp.: A review by Zahra Aghaali, Jun-Li Yang, Mohammad Reza Naghavi, Meisam Zargar

“…Besides, a growing body of research proves the healing efficacy of Ferula plants in treating modern diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), HIV, and COVID19. The major challenge surrounding the commercialization of Ferula-derived terpenoids is their low quantity in Ferula plants. …”
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Impact of glycolysis inhibitor (2-DG) and oxidation and phosphorylation uncoupler (2,4-DNP) on brain metabolites by O. B. Shevelev, M. P. Moshkin

“…Deviations in brain metabolism are the result of longterm pathological processes, which finally are manifested as symptoms of Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s diseases or multiple sclerosis and other neuropathologies, as for example diabetic neuropathy. …”
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Genetic association between immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and peripheral artery disease: a Mendelian randomization study by Haichao Wu, Dandan Zheng, Long Zhou, Qiang Wang, Tao Wang, Siyuan Liang

“…To corroborate previous research, we conducted Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis with the aim of clarifying the associations of various IMIDs with PAD. two-sample MR analysis was conducted to investigate the potential causal association between eight common IMIDs (including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Crohn’s disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), ankylosing spondylitis(AS), psoriasis(PSO), multiple sclerosis(MS), and hashimoto thyroiditis(HT)) and PAD. …”
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Multi-functional role of apolipoprotein E in neurodegenerative diseases by Sadequl Islam, Arshad Noorani, Yang Sun, Makoto Michikawa, Kun Zou

“…It also covers ApoE’s influence in other neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), Huntington’s disease (HD), vascular dementia (VD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). New research highlights the interaction between ApoE and presenilin (PS), suggesting connections between familial AD (FAD) and SAD. …”
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Fingolimod exerts in vitro anticancer activity against hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines via YAP/TAZ suppression by Du Jiamin, Qian Meijia, Yuan Tao, Zhang Bo, Chen Xueqin, An Ning, He Qiaojun, Yang Bo, Ye Song, Zhu Hong

“…In this study, through a YAP-TEAD (8×GTIIC) luciferase reporter assay, we identified fingolimod, an immunomodulatory drug approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, as a novel YAP inhibitor. Fingolimod suppressed the proliferation of HCC cell lines by downregulating the protein levels as well as the trans-activating function of YAP. …”
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Should you hold onto the treadmill handrails or not? Cortical evidence at different walking speeds by Monica Biggio, Costanza Iester, Davide Cattaneo, Simone Cutini, Ambra Bisio, Ludovico Pedullà, Alessandro Torchio, Marco Bove, Laura Bonzano

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Analysis of changes in the chemokine CXC ligand 13 in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neuromyelitis optica by Juan Zhou, Shalin Luo, Xiaoxi Yao, Haipeng Li, Ying Wen

“…This research included forty-one patients diagnosed with neuromyelitis optica(NMO) and forty-three patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis(MS). The control group consisted of forty-three non-inflammatory neurological disease(NND) patients. …”
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Robotic Systems for Hand Rehabilitation—Past, Present and Future by Bogdan Gherman, Ionut Zima, Calin Vaida, Paul Tucan, Adrian Pisla, Iosif Birlescu, Jose Machado, Doina Pisla

“…<b>Background:</b> Cerebrovascular accident, commonly known as stroke, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis represent significant neurological conditions affecting millions globally. …”
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Genetic evidence for the liver-brain axis: lipid metabolism and neurodegenerative disease risk by Zeyu Wang, Zixiao Yin, Guangyong Sun, Dong Zhang, Jianguo Zhang

“…A systematic investigation of the genetic relationship between lipid metabolism abnormalities and ND, namely, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), is lacking. …”
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Perturbations in gut microbiota composition in patients with autoimmune neurological diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Xiaolin Deng, Xiaolin Deng, Xue Gong, Xue Gong, Dong Zhou, Zhen Hong, Zhen Hong

“…A decrease in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, including Faecalibacterium and Roseburia, was observed in individuals with autoimmune encephalitis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders, myasthenia gravis, and multiple sclerosis. Conversely, an increase in pathogenic or opportunistic pathogens, including Streptococcus and Escherichia-Shigella, was observed in these patients. …”
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Immunomodulatory Effects of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 on Dendritic Cells Promote Induction of T Cell Hyporesponsiveness to Myelin-Derived Antigens by Wai-Ping Lee, Barbara Willekens, Patrick Cras, Herman Goossens, Eva Martínez-Cáceres, Zwi N. Berneman, Nathalie Cools

“…While emerging evidence indicates that dendritic cells (DC) play a central role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), their modulation with immunoregulatory agents provides prospect as disease-modifying therapy. …”
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The Role of Invariant NKT in Autoimmune Liver Disease: Can Vitamin D Act as an Immunomodulator? by Daniel S. Smyk, Athanasios Mavropoulos, Giorgina Mieli-Vergani, Diego Vergani, Marco Lenzi, Dimitrios P. Bogdanos

“…Invariant NKT cells have been implicated in the development and perpetuation of several autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). …”
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Smartphone postural sway and pronator drift tests as measures of neurological disability by Michael Calcagni, Peter Kosa, Bibi Bielekova

“…These tests capture different domains of postural control and motoric dysfunction in healthy volunteers (n = 13) and people with neurological disorders (n = 68 relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis [MS]; n = 21 secondary progressive MS; n = 23 primary progressive MS; n = 13 other inflammatory neurological diseases; n = 21 non-inflammatory neurological diseases; n = 4 clinically isolated syndrome; n = 1 radiologically isolated syndrome). …”
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Microglia Play a Major Role in Direct Viral-Induced Demyelination by Dhriti Chatterjee, Kaushiki Biswas, Soma Nag, S. G. Ramachandra, Jayasri Das Sarma

“…Previous studies demonstrated that microglia can be persistently infected by neurotropic mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) which causes meningoencephalitis, myelitis with subsequent axonal loss, and demyelination and serve as a virus-induced model of human neurological disease multiple sclerosis (MS). Current studies revealed that MHV infection is associated with the pronounced activation of microglia during acute inflammation, as evidenced by characteristic changes in cellular morphology and increased expression of microglia-specific proteins, Iba1 (ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1), which is a macrophage/microglia-specific novel calcium-binding protein and involved in membrane ruffling and phagocytosis. …”
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Mast Cell-Mediated Inhibition of Abdominal Neutrophil Inflammation by a PEGylated TLR7 Ligand by Tomoko Hayashi, Shiyin Yao, Brian Crain, Michael Chan, Howard B. Cottam, Fitzgerald Lao, Dennis A. Carson, Maripat Corr

“…To abate the deleterious recruitment of neutrophils in sterile inflammation, we repeatedly administered a TLR7 ligand that hyposensitized to TLR7 and receptors that converged on the MyD88-signaling intermediary and reduced cellular infiltration in murine autoimmune models of multiple sclerosis and arthritis. To reduce potential adverse effects, a polyethylene glycol polymer was covalently attached to the parent compound (Tolerimod1). …”
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A concise practical clinical guide to identifying spasticity in neurological shoulder dysfunction by Damon Hoad, Stephen Ashford, Stephen Ashford, Ganesh Bavikatte, Rachel Farrell, Rachel Farrell, Adrian Robertson, Jörg Wissel, Jörg Wissel

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In situ delivery of synthetic preimplantation factor using aldehyde-modified hyaluronic acid hydrogel with immobilized complexes of chondroitin sulfate derivatives by Tutut Habibah, Andrea Exnerová, Kristina Nešporová, Una FitzGerald, Abhay Pandit, Marek Ingr, Martin Pravda, Vladimír Velebný

“…Synthetic preimplantation factor (SPIF) is a promising therapeutic agent for chronic inflammatory diseases like Multiple Sclerosis (MS), but frequent systemic dosing limits patient adherence and therapy efficacy. …”
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Toll-Like Receptor Homolog CD180 Expression Is Diminished on Natural Autoantibody-Producing B Cells of Patients with Autoimmune CNS Disorders by Zsófia Hayden, Szabina Erdő-Bonyár, Beáta Bóné, Noémi Balázs, Kornélia Bodó, Zsolt Illes, Timea Berki, Diána Simon

“…Effectiveness of anti-CD20 therapy in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) strengthens the role of B cells in the pathogenesis. …”
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The sphingosine‐1‐phosphate signaling pathway (sphingosine‐1‐phosphate and its receptor, sphingosine kinase) and epilepsy by Lin Wang, Qingxia Kong, Xinyi Leng, Howan Leung, Yang Li

“…Fingolimod (FTY720) is the first S1P receptor modulator developed and approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. More and more studies have proven that the S1P signaling pathway is closely related to epilepsy, drug‐resistant epilepsy, epilepsy comorbidities, or other epilepsy‐causing diseases. …”
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Causal association between non-thyroidal autoimmune diseases and Graves' ophthalmopathy: A mendelian randomization study by Lan Ma, Xue Jiang, Zhijia Hou, Dongmei Li

“…Materials: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), multiple sclerosis (MS), psoriasis vulgaris (PV), type 1 diabetes (T1D), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were obtained from the IEU Open genome-wide association studies (GWAS) database, GWAS data for GO were obtained from the FinnGen database. …”
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