Fenofibrate Inhibited the Differentiation of T Helper 17 Cells In Vitro by Zhou Zhou, Weiliang Sun, Ying Liang, Yanxiang Gao, Wei Kong, Youfei Guan, Juan Feng, Xian Wang

“…Uncontrolled activity of T cells mediates autoimmune and inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, and atherosclerosis. …”
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Parry–Romberg Syndrome with Uhthoff’s Phenomena: A Spectrum of Autoimmune Disease? by Samuel Asanad

“…The present case suggests that PRS may possibly have an autoimmune etiology resembling that of multiple sclerosis.…”
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Role of Microglia in CNS Autoimmunity by Tobias Goldmann, Marco Prinz

“…Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) in the Western world. …”
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The Bioactivities of Phycocyanobilin from Spirulina by Yi Li

“…Due to the above biological activities of phycocyanobilin PCB, it is expected to become a new effective drug for treating various diseases, such as COVID-19 complications, atherosclerosis, multiple sclerosis (MS), and ischaemic stroke (IS).…”
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Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Analysis of the Association Between Mitochondrial Proteins and Neurodegenerative Diseases by Fangyuan Wang, Zhou Jing, Qingyi Wang, Minghe Li, Bingqi Lu, Ao Huo, Chenglin Zhao, Huanyu Zhou, Wulong Liang, Weihua Hu, Xudong Fu

“…Conversely, analyses indicated significant associations of neurodegenerative diseases with mitochondrial protein gene variants, notably with AD, dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple sclerosis, affecting multiple mitochondrial protein levels. …”
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The Role of Decorin in Autoimmune and Inflammatory Diseases by Yuanji Dong, Jixin Zhong, Lingli Dong

“…This review summarizes the characteristics of decorin in immune and inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Sjögren’s syndrome (SS), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), IgA nephropathy, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), spondyloarthritis (SpA), osteoarthritis, multiple sclerosis (MS), idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), and systemic sclerosis (SSc) and discusses the potential role in these disorders.…”
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Type 2 Inflammatory Responses in Autoimmune Demyelination of the Central Nervous System: Recent Advances by Massimo Costanza

“…Next-generation sequencing of CD4+ T cells isolated from a specific subtype of multiple sclerosis plaque has uncovered an unexpectedly Th2 profile of these cells. …”
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Therapeutic Application of rTMS in Atypical Parkinsonian Disorders by Chrysi Petsani, Athina-Maria Aloizou, Vasileios Siokas, Lambros Messinis, Eleni Peristeri, Christos Bakirtzis, Grigorios Nasios, Efthimios Dardiotis

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Adalimumab Induced or Provoked MS in Patient with Autoimmune Uveitis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by Rana Alnasser Alsukhni, Ziena Jriekh, Yasmin Aboras

“…A 23-year-old male with autoimmune uveitis and a family history of multiple sclerosis (MS) developed two neurological attacks, after Adalimumab infusion, simultaneously with several cerebral lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). …”
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PPAR Regulation of Inflammatory Signaling in CNS Diseases by John J. Bright, Saravanan Kanakasabai, Wanida Chearwae, Sharmistha Chakraborty

“…Specific ligands for PPAR𝛼, 𝛾, and 𝛿 isoforms have proven effective in the animal models of multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and trauma/stroke, suggesting their use in the treatment of neuroinflammatory diseases. …”
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Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors: Action on the Signaling Pathways of Neuroinflammation, Neurodegeneration, and Cognition by Christina Alves Peixoto, Ana Karolina Santana Nunes, Ana Garcia-Osta

“…Mechanistically, PDE5-Is produce an anti-inflammatory and neuroprotection effect by increasing expression of nitric oxide synthases and accumulation of cGMP and activating protein kinase G (PKG), the signaling pathway of which is thought to play an important role in the development of several neurodiseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of this paper was to review present knowledge of the signaling pathways that underlie the use of PDE5-Is in neuroinflammation, neurogenesis, learning, and memory.…”
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White Matter Injury in Central Nervous System Disorders by Zheng L, Wang X, Li P, Hao Y, Zhang H, Chen H, Zheng Z

“…In this article, we will briefly describe the structure and function of white matter, summarize the pathological changes of WMI, and focus on the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic research advances in WMI after ischemic stroke, cerebral hemorrhage, Alzheimer’s disease, and multiple sclerosis diseases.Keywords: white matter injury, central nervous system, oligodendrocytes, myelin…”
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Disruption in the Blood-Brain Barrier: The Missing Link between Brain and Body Inflammation in Bipolar Disorder? by Jay P. Patel, Benicio N. Frey

“…There has been growing evidence that BBB disruption is associated with brain inflammatory conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis. Considering the increasing role of inflammation and oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD), here we propose a novel model wherein transient or persistent disruption of BBB integrity is associated with decreased CNS protection and increased permeability of proinflammatory (e.g., cytokines, reactive oxygen species) substances from the peripheral blood into the brain. …”
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Protein Phosphatase 2A: Role in T Cells and Diseases by Suyasha Roy, Lalit Batra

“…PP2A activation has shown to reduce neuroinflammation in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and is now used to treat multiple sclerosis (MS) clinically. In this review, we will discuss the structure and functions of PP2A in T cell differentiation and diseases and therapeutic applications of PP2A-mediated immunotherapy.…”
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Emerging Stem Cell Therapies: Treatment, Safety, and Biology by Joel Sng, Thomas Lufkin

“…The autologous transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells is increasingly employed to catalyze the repair of mesenchymal tissue and others, including the lung and heart, and utilized in treating various conditions such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, and diabetes. There is also increasing interest in the therapeutic potential of other adult stem cells such as neural, mammary, intestinal, inner ear, and testicular stem cells. …”
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Friends or Foes: Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Multifaceted Roles in Neurodegenerative Diseases by Marjana Brkic, Sriram Balusu, Claude Libert, Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke

“…Here, we review MMPs and their roles in neurodegenerative diseases: Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington’s disease (HD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). We also discuss MMP inhibition as a possible therapeutic strategy to treat neurodegenerative diseases.…”
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Acid-Sensing Ion Channels as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Neurodegeneration and Neuroinflammation by Audrey Ortega-Ramírez, Rosario Vega, Enrique Soto

“…Over the years, different studies have shown that activation of these channels is linked to various physiological and pathological processes, such as memory, learning, fear, anxiety, ischemia, and multiple sclerosis to name a few, so their potential as therapeutic targets is increasing. …”
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Cross-Talk between Apolipoprotein E and Cytokines by Hongliang Zhang, Li-Min Wu, Jiang Wu

“…Despite its importance in lipid transport and atherosclerosis pathogenesis, apoE is associated with neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson disease, and autoimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis and psoriasis. Among others, the role of apoE in modulating inflammation and oxidation is crucial in elucidating the risk factors of the above diseases since the function of apoE is closely linked with both proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines. …”
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Neuropathic Pain in Animal Models of Nervous System Autoimmune Diseases by David H. Tian, Chamini J. Perera, Gila Moalem-Taylor

“…Neuropathic pain is a frequent chronic presentation in autoimmune diseases of the nervous system, such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), causing significant individual disablement and suffering. …”
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Glutamate Receptors in Neuroinflammatory Demyelinating Disease

“…<p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the human central nervous system (CNS). …”
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