Causal Relationship Between Emotional Disorders and Thyroid Disorders: A Bidirectional Two‐Sample Mendelian Randomization Study by Jiaying Fan, Kai Zhou, Cuiwen Yu

“…Methods We employed several methods, including inverse‐variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, weighted mode, and MR Egger regression. Additionally, sensitivity analyses were conducted using MR‐Egger, MR Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier (MR‐PRESSO), Cochran's Q, and leave‐one‐out methods. …”
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Physical activities and breast cancer: a Mendelian randomization study by Lishan Ding, Qingliang Chen, Hao Liang, Meng Shen, Ming Zheng, Zhaojun Li

“…The inverse variance weighted method was employed as the primary approach for two-sample MR. Additionally, the MR-PRESSO (MR-Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier) method was utilized to eliminate outliers. …”
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A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study Investigating the Causal Relationship Between Ankylosing Spondylitis and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease by Pan D, Dai X, Li P, Xue L

“…The analysis utilized publicly available statistics on AS and COPD from the Genome-wide Association Study (GWAS). The primary MR method employed was Inverse-Variance Weighting (IVW), supplemented by additional MR methods such as weighted median, MR-Egger, simple mode, and weighted mode. …”
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Potential and costs required for methane removal to compete with BECCS as a mitigation option by Yann Gaucher, Katsumasa Tanaka, Daniel J A Johansson, Olivier Boucher, Philippe Ciais

“…MR is technologically very challenging and potentially very expensive, so the main question is at which cost per ton of methane removed is MR more cost effective than CDR. …”
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Systematic comparison of Mendelian randomisation studies and randomised controlled trials using electronic databases by Jie Zheng, George Davey Smith, Tom R Gaunt, Maria K Sobczyk

“…Among intervention types that can be mimicked by MR, only trials of pharmaceutical interventions could be automatically matched to MR results due to insufficient annotation with Medical Subject Headings ontology. …”
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Surgical Outcome of Medial Rectus Resection in Recurrent Exotropia: A Novel Surgical Formula by Abbie Sheung-Wan Luk, Jason Cheuk-Sing Yam, Henry Hing-Wai Lau, Wilson Wai-Kuen Yip, Alvin Lerrmann Young

“…All surgeries were performed according to the formula: 1.0 mm MR muscle resection for every 5 prism dioptres (PD) of exotropia, with an addition of 0.5 mm to each MR muscle operated on. …”
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Biological Reduction of Perchlorate from Spent Modified Reed Mediated by an Enriched Microbial Culture by Salem Baidas, Khaled Al-Deyain, Xiaoguang Meng, Baoyu Gao

“…Disposal of untreated perchlorate-laden modified reed (MR) generated in the treatment of contaminated water risks further contamination issues. …”
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Choice white grease used for manufacturing a protein-encapsulated fat blend source for neonatal calves by David P. Casper, Mark F. Scott

“…ABSTRACT: Protein-encapsulated fat (PEF) blends are routinely used for manufacturing calf milk replacers (MR). The use of PEF blends improves fat mixability to ensure MR when mixed and fed as a homogeneous solution for neonatal calves. …”
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Causal association between non-thyroidal autoimmune diseases and Graves' ophthalmopathy: A mendelian randomization study by Lan Ma, Xue Jiang, Zhijia Hou, Dongmei Li

“…Cochran's Q statistic was used to assess the heterogeneity between SNP estimates. MR-Egger regression was used to evaluate horizontal pleiotropy and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) test was used to detect the outliers. …”
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Association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and osteoporosis: Mendelian randomization combined with bibliometric analysis by Fangjun Yang, Huaming Wang, Miaomiao Liu, Shengtai Pei, Xiaoming Qiu

“…The results of the primary IVW MR Analysis were generally supported by our sensitivity MR Analysis. …”
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Newton Method to Recover the Phase Accumulated during MRI Data Acquisition by Oh-In Kwon, Chunjae Park

“…For an internal conductivity image, magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography (MREIT) injects an electric current into an object and measures the induced magnetic flux density, which appears in the phase part of the acquired MR image data. To maximize signal intensity, the injected current nonlinear encoding (ICNE) method extends the duration of the current injection until the end of the MR data reading. …”
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Phenotyping determination of cyp1a2 enzyme activity using caffeine in sheep by Kamil Uney, Bünyamin Tras

“…(PX/CF)MR→10 h and (PX/CF)AUC ratios were similar (p>0.05) among sheep breeds.…”
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Is Vitamin D Deficiency the Cause or the Effect of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Evidence from Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Analysis by Yang Ding, Shengyi Yang, Shasha Fan, Yi Tang, Yan Teng, Xiaohua Tao, Wei Lu

“…Sensitivity analyses including maximum likelihood, MR-Egger method, penalized weighted median method, MR-PRESSO, MR-RAPS, and MR-radial method were conducted. …”
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Mendelian randomization analysis reveals causal relationship between tonsillectomy and irritable bowel syndrome by Huaiquan Liu, Shuoshuo Shao, Bo Chen, Shili Yang, Xinyan Zhang

“…Instrumental variables (IVs) were SNPs strongly correlated and independent of tonsillectomy. MR-PRESSO was used for outlier removal. IVW was the primary MR analysis method, supplemented by MR-Egger regression, WM, WME, and simple mode. …”
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Causal linkage between adult height and kidney function: An integrated population-scale observational analysis and Mendelian randomization study. by Sehoon Park, Soojin Lee, Yaerim Kim, Yeonhee Lee, Min Woo Kang, Kwangsoo Kim, Yong Chul Kim, Seung Seok Han, Hajeong Lee, Jung Pyo Lee, Kwon Wook Joo, Chun Soo Lim, Yon Su Kim, Dong Ki Kim

“…Second, the genetic instrument for adult height, as reported by the GIANT consortium, was implemented, and summary-level MR of eGFRcreatinine and CKDcreatinine in a CKDGen genome-wide association study was performed (N = 567,460), with multivariable MR being adjusted for the effects of genetic predisposition on body mass index. …”
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Causal Associations Between Sarcopenia and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus by Huang Y, Zhao S, Hong J, Shen L, Wang Z, Wang D

“…A bi-directional MR study was conducted. First, a forward MR analysis evaluated the causality of sarcopenia on GDM risk, with sarcopenia-related traits as exposures and GDM as the outcome. …”
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Associations among immunophenotype, plasma metabolites, and benign prostatic hyperplasia: a mediation Mendelian randomization study by FAN Jiuming, ZHAO Yiqiao, JIA Haichang, WANG Tiankun, HAN Yutong, QIN Zihao, CHEN Ping, ZENG Xiantao

“…Objective To explore the potential causal relationship between immune cells, plasma metabolites and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and the mediating role of plasma metabolism by using the mediated Mendelian randomization (MR) method. Methods Two-sample bidirectional MR analysis was used to predict the immune phenotype that may affect BPH, and immune cells that were adversely affected by BPH were excluded. …”
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Bias-corrected serum creatinine from UK Biobank electronic medical records generates an important data resource for kidney function trajectories by Mathias Gorski, Simon Wiegrebe, Ralph Burkhardt, Merle Behr, Helmut Küchenhoff, Klaus J. Stark, Carsten A. Böger, Iris M. Heid

“…When comparing eMR-based with SC-based creatinine by calendar year (n = 70,231), we found a year-specific multiplicative bias for eMR-based creatinine that decreased over time (factor 0.84 for 2007, 0.97 for 2013). …”
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Diabetes and tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analyis of mendelian randomization evidence by Ivaan Pitua, Raafidha Raizudheen, Mark Muyanja, Joseph Nyero, Morrish Okello Obol

“…Studies were screened based on pre-specified inclusion criteria and assessed for quality using the STROBE-MR guidelines. Data extraction focused on study characteristics, MR methodology, and causal effect estimates. …”
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Transcatheter edge to edge compared with surgery in older patients with degenerative mitral valve regurgitation by Gaspard Suc, Rebecca Hadjedj, Jules Mesnier, Skerdi Haviari, Marylou Para, Gregory Ducrocq, Dominique Himbert, Eric Brochet, My Lien Nguyen, Sophie Provenchere, Marina Urena, Bernard Iung

“…Abstract Objectives Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) is an alternative for patients with severe degenerative mitral regurgitation (MR). The objective of this study was to compare the outcomes of surgery and TEER in older patients with degenerative MR patients using real life data. …”
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