Number of children and dementia risk: a causal mediation analysis using data from the HUNT study linked with national registries in Norway by Teferi Mekonnen, Vegard Skirbekk, Ekaterina Zotcheva, Bo Engdahl, Bernt Bratsberg, Astanand Jugessur, Catherine Bowen, Geir Selbæk, Hans-Peter Kohler, Jennifer R. Harris, Sarah E. Tom, Steinar Krokstad, Trine Holt Edwin, Yehani Wedatilake, Katrin Wolfova, Dana Kristjansson, Yaakov Stern, Asta Kristine Håberg, Bjørn Heine Strand

“…., obesity, diabetes, depression, hearing impairment and hypertension). Methods Using a historic cohort design, we included 9,745 participants born between 1931–48, with a mean age of 78.2 (SD = 6.4) years at the time of cognitive testing in the HUNT4 70 + sub-study (2017–2019). …”
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Maternal and neonatal complications of pregnant women with bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysisResearch in context by Damien Etchecopar-Etchart, Masoud Rahmati, Dong Keon Yon, Lee Smith, Laurent Boyer, Guillaume Fond

“…Our goal is to summarise the evidence of population-based data on obstetric complications and neonatal outcomes in women with bipolar disorder compared to women without bipolar disorder. Methods: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Google Scholar from inception to September 26th, 2024. …”
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Assessment of hemodynamic disturbances and impaired ventricular filling in asymptomatic fontan patients: A 4D flow CMR study by Li-Wei Hu, Xiaodan Zhao, Shuang Leng, RongZhen Ouyang, Qian Wang, Ai-Min Sun, Yi-Man Liu, Wei Dong, Liang Zhong, Yu-Min Zhong

“…Objectives: The aims of this investigation were to: 1) examine the impact of flow components and kinetic energy (KE) parameters on hemodynamic disturbances in asymptomatic Fontan patients and control group; 2) Assess left ventricular diastolic dysfunction through the analysis of 4D flow parameters across different Fontan sub-groups; 3) Compare intracardiac flow parameters among Fontan sub-groups based on morphological features of the left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV). Methods: Twenty-five Fontan patients (mean age: 10 ± 3 years, male/female: 15/10) and fourteen control subjects (mean age: 10 ± 2 years, male/female: 8/6) were recruited retrospectively for the study. …”
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Evaluating small coronary stents with dual-source photon-counting computed tomography: effect of different scan modes on image quality and performance in a phantom by Thomas Stein, Constantin von zur Muhlen, Niklas Verloh, Till Schürmann, Tobias Krauss, Martin Soschynski, Dirk Westermann, Jana Taron, Elif Can, Christopher L. Schlett, Fabian Bamberg, Christopher Schuppert, Muhammad Taha Hagar

“…PURPOSE: The study aimed to assess the feasibility and image quality of dual-source photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) in evaluating small-sized coronary artery stents with respect to different acquisition modes in a phantom model. METHODS: Utilizing a phantom setup mimicking the average patient’s water-equivalent diameter, we examined six distinct coronary stents inflated in a silicon tube, with stent sizes ranging from 2.0 to 3.5 mm, applying four different CT acquisition modes of a dual-source PCD-CT scanner: “high-pitch,” “sequential,” “spiral” (each with collimation of 144 × 0.4 mm and full spectral information), and “ultra-high-resolution (UHR)” (collimation of 120 × 0.2 mm and no spectral information). …”
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Association of inflammation cytokines with cognitive function in first-episode major depressive disorder by Yan Qing Xi, Yan Qing Xi, Yan Qing Xi, Zong Qi Wang, Zong Qi Wang, Zong Qi Wang, Guo Juan Li, Guo Juan Li, Guo Juan Li, Zhuo Qun Hao, Zhuo Qun Hao, Zhuo Qun Hao, Jia Hui Nie, Jin Xiang Li, Yu Ting Tan, Xiao Dong Hu, Xiao Dong Hu, Gen Wei Wang, Sha Liu, Sha Liu, Yan Fang Wang, Yan Fang Wang, Yan Fang Wang

“…In this study, we examined cognitive function characteristics, serum inflammatory factors, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and their correlations before and after pharmacological treatment(paroxetine hydrochloride tablets) in patients with first-episode major depressive disorder, aiming to identify objective biomarkers for cognitive function assessment.MethodsWe included 22 patients with first-episode major depressive disorder and 27 healthy volunteers from the community during the same period. …”
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Preoperative and intraoperative neuromonitoring and mapping techniques impact oncological and functional outcomes in supratentorial function-eloquent brain tumours: a systematic re... by Asfand Baig Mirza, Amisha Vastani, Rishabh Suvarna, Sami Rashed, Aws Al-Omari, Engelbert Mthunzi, Feras Fayez, Nicala Rampersad, Josephine Jung, Alba Díaz Baamonde, José Siado Mosquera, Ali Elhag, Francesco Marchi, Richard Gullan, Keyoumars Ashkan, Ranjeev Bhangoo, Francesco Vergani, Ana Mirallave-Pescador, José Pedro Lavrador

“…This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative and intraoperative mapping techniques on resection outcomes and post-operative deficits. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis examined literature up to March 2023, sourced from PubMed, Embase, and Medline. …”
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A pharmacoinformatic approach for studying Atractylodes Lancea DC’s anticancer potential and control ROS-mediated apoptosis against prostate cancer cells by Chi-Hoon Ahn, Ji Soo Myong, Kazi Rejvee Ahmed, Md Ataur Rahman, Md. Maharub Hossain Fahim, Min Choi, Muntajin Rahman, Jinwon Choi, Kiryang Kim, Seungjoon Moon, Seungjoon Moon, Mohammed Dalli, Mohammed Dalli, Rony Abdi Syahputra, Sang-Won Shin, Abdel Halim Harrath, Moon Nyeo Park, Bonglee Kim, Hwa-Seung Yoo

“…How-ever, its specific anticancer and anti-metastatic mechanisms in prostate cancer remain unclear.MethodsThe cytotoxic effects of ALD were evaluated on PC3 and DU145 prostate cancer cells, as well as on the normal prostate cell line BPH-1. …”
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Global burden of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, 2010 to 2021 by Gong Feng, Giovanni Targher, Christopher D. Byrne, Yusuf Yilmaz, Vincent Wai-Sun Wong, Cosmas Rinaldi Adithya Lesmana, Leon A. Adams, Jerome Boursier, George Papatheodoridis, Mohamed El-Kassas, Nahum Méndez-Sánchez, Silvia Sookoian, Laurent Castera, Wah-Kheong Chan, Feng Ye, Sombat Treeprasertsuk, Helena Cortez-Pinto, Hon Ho Yu, Won Kim, Manuel Romero-Gómez, Atsushi Nakajima, Khin Maung Win, Seung Up Kim, Adriaan G. Holleboom, Giada Sebastiani, Ponsiano Ocama, John D. Ryan, Monica Lupșor-Platon, Hasmik Ghazinyan, Mamun Al-Mahtab, Saeed Hamid, Nilanka Perera, Khalid A. Alswat, Qiuwei Pan, Michelle T. Long, Vasily Isakov, Man Mi, Marco Arrese, Arun J. Sanyal, Shiv Kumar Sarin, Nathalie Carvalho Leite, Luca Valenti, Philip N. Newsome, Hannes Hagström, Salvatore Petta, Hannele Yki-Järvinen, Jörn M. Schattenberg, Marlen I. Castellanos Fernández, Isabelle A. Leclercq, Gulnara Aghayeva, Abdel-Naser Elzouki, Ali Tumi, Ala I. Sharara, Asma Labidi, Faisal M. Sanai, Khaled Matar, Maen Al-Mattooq, Maisam Waid Akroush, Mustapha Benazzouz, Nabil Debzi, Maryam Alkhatry, Salma Barakat, Said A. Al-Busafi, John Rwegasha, Wah Yang, Agyei Adwoa, Christopher Kenneth Opio, Mohammadjavad Sotoudeheian, Yu Jun Wong, Jacob George, Ming-Hua Zheng

“…Background & Aims: This study used the Global Burden of Disease data (2010–2021) to analyze the rates and trends of point prevalence, annual incidence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in 204 countries. Methods: Total numbers and age-standardized rates per 100,000 population for MASLD prevalence, annual incidence, and YLDs were compared across regions and countries by age, sex, and sociodemographic index (SDI). …”
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Early treatment discontinuation in patients with deficient mismatch repair or microsatellite instability high metastatic colorectal cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors by Chiara Cremolini, Sara Lonardi, Filippo Pietrantonio, Julien Taieb, David Tougeron, Margherita Ambrosini, Michael J Overman, Alice Boilève, Lisa Salvatore, Rosine Guimbaud, Priya Jayachandran, Frank A Sinicrope, Thibault Mazard, Javier Ros, Vincenzo Nasca, Simon Pernot, Emily Alouani, Marie Decraecker, Emilie Hafliger, Pauline Parent

“…Here we examine whether early treatment discontinuation (ETD) before 13 months in patients without progressive disease (PD) can lead to similar long-term disease control compared with a longer treatment duration (LTD).Methods To assess whether ETD is associated with similar outcomes compared with LTD, we assembled an international cohort of patients with dMMR/MSI-H mCRC treated with ICIs who stopped treatment for a reason other than PD within 395 days (ETD group) and compared them to those who continued for >395 days (LTD group). …”
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A humanized anti-MSLN×4-1BB bispecific antibody exhibits potent antitumour activity through 4-1BB signaling activation and fc function without systemic toxicity by Da-yan Zhang, Zhi-hua Zhang, Wen-ting Liu, Wei-ming Zhou, Peng-fei Zhou, Juan-juan Wei, Xue-jing Dai, Xiao-li Zeng, Yu-qiong Zhou, Han-wang Li, Heng Zhang, Ao-lin Shen, Lian-sheng Cheng, Guo-dong Shen, Yi-fu He

“…Therefore, a safe and efficient immunostimulatory molecule is urgently needed for cancer immunotherapy. Methods A novel anti-MSLN×4-1BB bispecific antibody (bsAb) was generated via antibody engineering, and its affinity and activity were detected via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), flow cytometry, and T-cell activation and luciferase reporter assays. …”
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Association of clinical signs of possible serious bacterial infections identified by community health workers with mortality of young infants in South Asia: a prospective, observat... by Gary L. Darmstadt, Saifuddin Ahmed, Mohammad Shahidul Islam, Safa Abdalla, Shams El Arifeen, Melissa L. Arvay, Abdullah H. Baqui, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Anuradha Bose, Nicholas E. Connor, Belal Hossain, Rita Isaac, Arif Mahmud, Dipak K. Mitra, Luke C. Mullany, Imran Nisar, Kalpana Panigrahi, Pinaki Panigrahi, Qazi Sadeq-ur Rahman, Senjuti Saha, Sajid B. Soofi, Nardos Solomon, Mathuram Santosham, Stephanie J. Schrag, Shamim A. Qazi, Samir K. Saha

“…We conducted a prospective, observational cohort study to characterise mortality risk of young infants based on their clinical signs. Methods: We conducted a population-based, prospective observational cohort study at five sites in Bangladesh (Sylhet, November 01, 2011–December 31, 2013), India (Vellore and Odisha, September 01, 2013–February 28, 2015), and Pakistan (Karachi, January 01, 2012–December 31, 2013; Matiari, March 01, 2012–December 31, 2013) to identify newborn infants who were followed-up by CHWs through 10 scheduled home visits over the first 60 completed days after birth to identify signs of possible serious bacterial infection (PSBI). …”
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CD36 enrichment in HER2-positive mesenchymal stem cells drives therapy refractoriness in breast cancer by Lorenzo Castagnoli, Alma Franceschini, Valeria Cancila, Matteo Dugo, Martina Bigliardi, Claudia Chiodoni, Paolo Toneguzzo, Viola Regondi, Paola A. Corsetto, Filippo Pietrantonio, Serena Mazzucchelli, Fabio Corsi, Antonio Belfiore, Antonio Vingiani, Giancarlo Pruneri, Francesca Ligorio, Mario P. Colombo, Elda Tagliabue, Claudio Tripodo, Claudio Vernieri, Tiziana Triulzi, Serenella M. Pupa

“…In this study, we aimed to elucidate whether enhanced CD36 in mesenchymal HER2 + cancer stem cells (CSCs) is directly involved in anti-HER2 treatment refractoriness in HER2 + BC and to design future metabolism-based approaches targeting both FA reprogramming and the “root” of cancer. Methods Molecular, biological and functional characterization of CD36-mediated FA uptake was investigated in HER2 + BC patients, cell lines, epithelial and mesenchymal CSCs. …”
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Genetic characteristics involving the PD-1/PD-L1/L2 and CD73/A2aR axes and the immunosuppressive microenvironment in DLBCL by Tingting Zhang, Zhenzhen Zhang, Xiubao Ren, Jin He, Zhengzi Qian, Bin Meng, Lei Jiao, Hengqi Liu, Lanfang Li, Lihua Qiu, Shiyong Zhou, Wenchen Gong, Huilai Zhang, Xianhuo Wang

“…The genetic characteristics of these immune checkpoints need to be further investigated in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Methods We performed whole-exome sequencing/targeted deep sequencing to investigate the genetic characteristics of PD-1/PD-L1/L2 and CD73/A2aR. …”
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Effects of external ankle support on balance control outcomes following muscle fatigue in individuals with ankle instability: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Hanieh KHALILIYAN, Mahmood BAHRAMIZADEH, Amirhossein ZARE, Kavita BATRA, Gabriella NUCERA, Aldo SITIBONDO, Aanuoluwapo AFOLABI, Majid ANSARI, Olayinka ILESANMI, Lukasz SZARPAK, Alireza KHAGHANI, Shahla MOHAJERI, Farhad GHAFFARI, Arash SHARAFATVAZIRI

“…This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effectiveness of external ankle support on balance in patients with ankle instability following muscle fatigue. Methods: We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to April 29, 2024, to find articles involving populations with ankle instability, interventions using external ankle support (taping or ankle orthoses), and outcomes related to balance assessed during muscle fatigue. …”
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Steady-state mixing state of black carbon aerosols from a particle-resolved model by Z. Zhang, Z. Zhang, J. Wang, J. Wang, J. Wang, J. Wang, N. Riemer, C. Liu, C. Liu, Y. Jin, Y. Jin, Z. Tian, Z. Tian, J. Cai, J. Cai, Y. Cheng, Y. Cheng, G. Chen, G. Chen, B. Wang, B. Wang, S. Wang, A. Ding, A. Ding

“…Utilizing the slope parameter <span class="inline-formula"><i>k</i></span>, which effectively characterizes the CT distribution under the steady-state simplifying assumption, the BC absorption enhancement closely corresponds to the results obtained via the particle-resolved method. This study simplifies the BC mixing state description and yields a precise evaluation of the BC optical properties, which has the potential utility for modeling efforts in the refinement of the assessment of BC's radiative effects.…”
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Adherence to a digital therapeutic mediates the relationship between momentary self-regulation and health risk behaviors by Enzo G. Plaitano, Enzo G. Plaitano, Daniel McNeish, Sophia M. Bartels, Sophia M. Bartels, Kathleen Bell, Jesse Dallery, Michael Grabinski, Michaela Kiernan, Hannah A. Lavoie, Hannah A. Lavoie, Shea M. Lemley, Michael R. Lowe, David P. MacKinnon, Stephen A. Metcalf, Stephen A. Metcalf, Lisa Onken, Judith J. Prochaska, Cady Lauren Sand, Cady Lauren Sand, Emily A. Scherer, Luke E. Stoeckel, Haiyi Xie, Lisa A. Marsch

“…Using a novel momentary self-regulation scale, this study examined how targeting self-regulation through a digital therapeutic impacts adherence to the therapeutic and two different health risk behavioral outcomes.MethodsThis prospective interventional study included momentary data for 28 days from 50 participants with obesity and binge eating disorder and 50 participants who smoked regularly. …”
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Antiviral efficacy of fluoxetine in early symptomatic COVID-19: an open-label, randomised, controlled, adaptive platform trial (PLATCOV)Research in context by Podjanee Jittamala, Simon Boyd, William H.K. Schilling, James A. Watson, Thundon Ngamprasertchai, Tanaya Siripoon, Viravarn Luvira, Elizabeth M. Batty, Phrutsamon Wongnak, Lisia M. Esper, Pedro J. Almeida, Cintia Cruz, Fernando R. Ascencao, Renato S. Aguiar, Najia K. Ghanchi, James J. Callery, Shivani Singh, Varaporn Kruabkontho, Thatsanun Ngernseng, Jaruwan Tubprasert, Wanassanan Madmanee, Kanokon Suwannasin, Amornrat Promsongsil, Borimas Hanboonkunupakarn, Kittiyod Poovorawan, Manus Potaporn, Attasit Srisubat, Bootsakorn Loharjun, Walter R.J. Taylor, Farah Qamar, Abdul Momin Kazi, M. Asim Beg, Danoy Chommanam, Sisouphanh Vidhamaly, Kesinee Chotivanich, Mallika Imwong, Sasithon Pukrittayakamee, Arjen M. Dondorp, Nicholas P.J. Day, Mauro M. Teixeira, Watcharapong Piyaphanee, Weerapong Phumratanaprapin, Nicholas J. White

“…However, these SSRIs have not been recommended in therapeutic guidelines and their antiviral activity in vivo has not been characterised. Methods: PLATCOV is an open-label, multicentre, phase 2, randomised, controlled, adaptive pharmacometric platform trial running in Thailand, Brazil, Pakistan, and Laos. …”
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Response of high-yielding soybean varieties to water-saturated and drought stress by Purwantoro ., R.D. Purwaningrahayu, H. Kuntyastuti, A. Harsono, N. Nuryati, A. Sulistyo, Z. Yursak, R. Soehendi, Trustinah ., H. Kuswantoro, M.J. Mejaya, D. Harnowo

“…The objective of this study was to determine how various soybean varieties react to waterlogging and drought in order to identify soybean cultivars that exhibit tolerance to both types of stressors.METHODS: The study was conducted at the greenhouse of the Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute, spanning from June to August 2022. …”
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Gut microbiota drives colon cancer risk associated with diet: a comparative analysis of meat-based and pesco-vegetarian diets by Carlotta De Filippo, Sofia Chioccioli, Niccolò Meriggi, Antonio Dario Troise, Francesco Vitali, Mariela Mejia Monroy, Serdar Özsezen, Katia Tortora, Aurélie Balvay, Claire Maudet, Nathalie Naud, Edwin Fouché, Charline Buisson, Jacques Dupuy, Valérie Bézirard, Sylvie Chevolleau, Valérie Tondereau, Vassilia Theodorou, Claire Maslo, Perrine Aubry, Camille Etienne, Lisa Giovannelli, Vincenzo Longo, Andrea Scaloni, Duccio Cavalieri, Jildau Bouwman, Fabrice Pierre, Philippe Gérard, Françoise Guéraud, Giovanna Caderni

“…Dietary habits also shape gut microbiota, but the role of the combination between diet, the gut microbiota, and the metabolite profile on CRC risk is still missing an unequivocal characterisation. Methods To investigate how gut microbiota affects diet-associated CRC risk, we fed Apc-mutated PIRC rats and azoxymethane (AOM)-induced rats the following diets: a high-risk red/processed meat-based diet (MBD), a normalised risk diet (MBD with α-tocopherol, MBDT), a low-risk pesco-vegetarian diet (PVD), and control diet. …”
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Sustainability index analysis for environmentally low-input integrated farming by E. Widjaja, B.N. Utomo, A.D. Santoso, Y.P. Erlambang, . Surono, M.A. Firmansyah, S. Handoko, E. Erythrina, M.N. Rofiq, D. Iskandar, N.A. Sasongko, T. Rochmadi, N. Abbas, M. Hanif, Y.S. Garno, F.D. Arianti, N.D. Suretno, M. Askinatin, C.O.I. Hastuti, F. Fahrodji

“…Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the level of sustainability of low-input integrated agricultural farming by determining and analyzing the sustainability index.METHODS: Experts and business operators engaged in the integrated production of organic fertilizer, corn, and laying hen farming conducted scientific assessments to gather primary and secondary data. …”
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