Macroanatomic investigations on the innervation of the tongue in anatolian buffaloes by Vural Özdemir, Sadullah Bahar, Sadettin Tıpırdamaz

“…The hypoglossal nerve scattered in the tongue muscles after arising from the medulla oblongata.…”
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Pacemaker Placement in Patients with Stroke-Mediated Autonomic Dysregulation by Ali A. Alsaad, Christopher O. Austin, Maisha T. Robinson, Michael B. Phillips

“…Lateral medullary syndrome (LMS) is an ischemic disease of the medulla oblongata, which involves the territory of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. …”
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The arteriel blood supply of brain in angora goats by I. Hakkı Nur

“…<p> The basilar artery continues as the spinal ventral artery on the cauda/ part of the medulla oblongata.<p> The labyrinthine artery arises from the cerebellar caudal artery.…”
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Pure Motor Monoparesis in the Leg due to a Lateral Medullary Infarction by Hiromasa Tsuda, Kozue Tanaka, Shuji Kishida

“…Cranial magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a small infarction in the lower lateral medulla oblongata on the left side. Cranial magnetic resonance angiography demonstrated an absence of flow of the left vertebral artery. …”
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Atlantoaxial fixation for treatment of syringobulbia and syringomyelia: Case report and literature review by Kaunda Emeka Ibebuike, Oluwamayowa Opara

“…Neuroradiological studies of the brain and the whole spine revealed an extensive syringomyelia extending from the medulla oblongata to the T12 thoracic spinal level. There was no obvious focal mass lesion or bony lesion, and there were no anatomic features suggestive of Chiari I malformation. …”
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Brainstem Infarction and Panuveitis due to Sarcoidosis Successfully Treated with Steroid Pulse Therapy by Natsuyo Yoshida-Hata, Shigeko Yashiro, Noritoshi Arai, Sousuke Takeuchi

“…Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of his brain demonstrated a small infarct on the left side of the medulla oblongata. Clinical presentation and MRI findings were consistent with the diagnosis of a Wallenberg’s syndrome. …”
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Effect of cerebrolysin on dopaminergic neurodegeneration of rat with oxidative stress induced by 3-nitropropionic acid by Calderón Guzmán David, Brizuela Norma Osnaya, Ortíz Herrera Maribel, Hernández García Ernestina, Barragán Mejía Gerardo, Juárez Olguín Hugo, Valenzuela Peraza Armando, Attilus Jonas, Labra Ruíz Norma

“…In the cortex, hemispheres and cerebellum/medulla oblongata of the group treated with cerebrolysin and 3-NPA, the levels of DA and LP decreased. …”
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Sildenafil alters biogenic amines and increases oxidative damage in brain regions of insulin-hypoglycemic rats by Guzmán David Calderón, Brizuela Norma Osnaya, Herrera Maribel Ortíz, Peraza Armando Valenzuela, Mejía Gerardo Barragán, Olguín Hugo Juárez, Jiménez Francisca Trujillo

“…On the last day of the treatment, the animals´ brains were extracted to measure the levels of oxidative stress markers [H2O2, Ca2+,Mg2+-ATPase, glutathione and lipid peroxidation (TBARS)], dopamine and 5-HIAA in the cortex, striatum and cerebellum/medulla oblongata by validated methods. The results suggest that administration of insulin in combination with sildenafil induces hypoglycemia and hypotension, enhances oxidative damage and provokes changes in the brain metabolism of biogenic amines. …”
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Immunohistochemistry for (Pro)renin Receptor in Humans by Satoshi Morimoto, Noriko Morishima, Daisuke Watanabe, Yoichiro Kato, Noriyuki Shibata, Atsuhiro Ichihara

“…In the brain, (pro)renin receptor staining was detected in neurons throughout all areas, especially in the medulla oblongata, paraventricular nucleus and supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus, cerebrum, granular layer of the hippocampus, Purkinje cell layer of the cerebellum, and the pituitary anterior and posterior lobes. …”
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Area postrema syndrome in patients with autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy by Qingchen Li, Junfang Teng

“…AQP4-IgG was positive in 2 patients. 5 patients had dorsal medulla oblongata lesions, while 3 patients showed an “inverted V” sign on axial images. …”
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