Adaptation for Staphylococcus aureus to hosts via insertion mutation in the accessory gene regulator agrC gene: decreased virulence and enhanced persistence capacity by Jiawei Chen, Yun Wu, Ying Zhu, Li Zhang, Yingchun Xu, Yali Liu

“…ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus is an important human pathogen due to its vast array of virulence factors regulated by multiple regulatory mechanisms, including the accessory gene regulator. …”
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Ursodeoxycholic acid protects against sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by activating Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibiting NF-κB pathway by Yunpeng Lou, Hongguang Shi, Ning Sha, Feifei Li, Xiaofeng Gu, Huiyan Lin

“…This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of UDCA against sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Methods Sixty male C57BL/6 N mice were utilized to establish a sepsis-induced AKI model through intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharides (LPS, 10 mg/kg). …”
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Enhancing Semi-Supervised Learning With Concept Drift Detection and Self-Training: A Study on Classifier Diversity and Performance by Jose L. M. Perez, Roberto S. M. Barros, Silas G. T. C. Santos

“…Semi-supervised classifiers often consume a lot of memory and run-time, and the addition of a detection mechanism increases the computational cost. Furthermore, classification in semi-supervised environments can lead to problems related to labeling data to training: an error in this process can negatively impact model performance. …”
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Pan-tumor analysis to investigate the obesity paradox in immune checkpoint blockade by Evan J Lipson, Ludmila Danilova, Elizabeth M Jaffee, Won Jin Ho, Mark Yarchoan, Yasser Ged, Jean Hoffman-Censits, Jennifer Durham, Sanjay Bansal, Chester Kao, Rajat Mohindra, Stephanie L Alden, Tanguy Y Seiwert, Soren Charmsaz, Howard L Li, Kabeer Munjal, Hua-Ling Tsai, Alexei Hernandez, Erin M Coyne, Rachel Garonce-Hediger, Laura Tang, Marina Baretti, Kathryn Howe, G Scott Chandler, Madelena Brancati, Aanika Warner, Ervin Griffin, Mari Nakazawa, Chris Thoburn, Jennifer Gizzi, Nicole E Gross, Elsa Hallab, Sarah S Shin, Aditi Guha

“…Background Obesity is a risk factor for developing cancer but is also associated with improved outcomes after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), a phenomenon called the obesity paradox. To interrogate mechanisms of divergent immune responses in obese and non-obese patients, we examined the relationship among obesity status, clinical responses, and immune profiles from a diverse, pan-tumor cohort of patients treated with ICI-based therapy.Methods From June 2021 to March 2023, we prospectively collected serial peripheral blood samples from patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors who received ICI as standard of care at Johns Hopkins. …”
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Protein Level and Infantile Diarrhea in a Postweaning Piglet Model by Jing Gao, Jie Yin, Kang Xu, Hui Han, ZeMin Liu, ChenYu Wang, TieJun Li, YuLong Yin

“…Meanwhile, AQP, tight junction protein, and intestinal immune were compromised. Thus, the mechanism of how a highly digestible protein diet induces diarrhea might be associated with the AMPK signaling pathway and intestinal microbiome.…”
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The Performance of Equations That Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate against Measured Urinary Creatinine Clearance in Critically Ill Patients by Hasan M. Al-Dorzi, Abdulmajeed A. Alsadhan, Ayman S. Almozaini, Ali M Alamri, Hani Tamim, Musharraf Sadat, Lolowa Al-Swaidan, Elwaleed Elhassan, Yaseen M. Arabi

“…The cohort consisted of 237 patients (age 45 ± 20 years, males 75%, mechanically ventilated 99% with serum creatinine 101 ± 94 µmol/L and CrCl24h-urine 108 ± 69 ml/min/1.73 m2). …”
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Secular trend and projection of overweight and obesity among Chinese children and adolescents aged 7–18 years from 1985 to 2019: Rural areas are becoming the focus of investment by Jiajia Dang, Yunfei Liu, Shan Cai, Panliang Zhong, Di Shi, Ziyue Chen, Yihang Zhang, Yanhui Dong, Jun Ma, Yi Song, Jing Ni, Xuehong Zhang

“…The urban–rural disparities in overweight and obesity among children and adolescents are narrowing, and there is a need for long-term and updated data to explain this inequality, understand the underlying mechanisms, and identify priority groups for interventions. …”
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Metformin Increases Protein Phosphatase 2A Activity in Primary Human Skeletal Muscle Cells Derived from Lean Healthy Participants by Aktham Mestareehi, Xiangmin Zhang, Berhane Seyoum, Zaher Msallaty, Abdullah Mallisho, Kyle Jon Burghardt, Anjaneyulu Kowluru, Zhengping Yi

“…However, the molecular mechanism of metformin’s action in skeletal muscle is not well understood. …”
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An inner membrane complex protein IMC1g in Plasmodium berghei is involved in asexual stage schizogony and parasite transmission by Yinjie Liu, Shitong Cheng, Gang He, Dawei He, Duo Wang, Sicong Wang, Lumeng Chen, Liying Zhu, Yonghui Feng, Liwang Cui, Yaming Cao, Xiaotong Zhu

“…These data reveal the function of IMC1g protein in anchoring the glideosome, providing further insight into the mechanism of the glideosome function.…”
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Transcriptional profiles of Microcystis reveal gene expression shifts that promote bloom persistence in in situ mesocosms by Lauren E. Krausfeldt, Paisley S. Samuel, Robert P. Smith, Hidetoshi Urakawa, Barry H. Rosen, Rita R. Colwell, Jose V. Lopez

“…Previous work has tried to identify the mechanisms that allow blooms to form, focusing on the role of nutrients. …”
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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support for SARS-CoV-2: a multi-centered, prospective, observational study in critically ill 92 patients in Saudi Arabia by Saad Alhumaid, Abbas Al Mutair, Header A. Alghazal, Ali J. Alhaddad, Hassan Al-Helal, Sadiq A. Al Salman, Jalal Alali, Sana Almahmoud, Zulfa M. Alhejy, Ahmad A. Albagshi, Javed Muhammad, Amjad Khan, Tarek Sulaiman, Maha Al-Mozaini, Kuldeep Dhama, Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq, Ali A. Rabaan

“…Results ECMO use was associated with higher in-hospital mortality (40.2% vs. 48.9%; p = 0.000); lower COVID-19 virological cure (41.3% vs 14.1%, p = 0.000); and longer hospitalization (20.2 days vs 29.1 days; p = 0.000), ICU stay (12.6 vs 26 days; p = 0.000) and mechanical ventilation use (14.2 days vs 22.4 days; p = 0.000) compared to non-ECMO group. …”
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Real-world outcomes of Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments lenses on retarding axial elongation in myopic children and adolescents by Rachel K. M. Chun, Rachel K. M. Chun, Rachel K. M. Chun, Kryshell Y. Q. Wong, Carly S. Y. Lam, Carly S. Y. Lam, Carly S. Y. Lam, Chi-ho To, Chi-ho To, Chi-ho To, Chi-ho To, Kenneth K. K. Liu, Yin-zhi Wong, Wing-chun Tang, Nicole Chan, Dora Kwok, Max Cheung, David Yung, Andrew K. C. Lam, Andrew K. C. Lam, Andrew K. C. Lam

“…Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying these effects and to optimize the use of optical interventions in myopia control.…”
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Pilot study of a ketogenic diet in bipolar disorder: a process evaluation by Benjamin P. Rigby, Nicole Needham, Helen Grossi, Ivana Kamenska, Iain H. Campbell, Ben Meadowcroft, Frances Creasy, Cheryl Fisher, Pankaj Bahuguna, John Norrie, Gerard Thompson, Melissa C. Gibbs, Maja Mitchell-Grigorjeva, Ailsa McLellan, Tessa Moses, Karl Burgess, Rachel Brown, Michael J. Thrippleton, Harry Campbell, Daniel J. Smith, Sharon A. Simpson

“…Results Five themes were identified in the qualitative data: (1) ‘Encouraging entry and supporting exit’ (e.g. recognising and managing participants’ varied motives and expectations, including around weight loss and symptom alleviation); (2) ‘Challenging but potentially transformational,’ which reflects that while it can be difficult to initiate and maintain a ketogenic diet day-to-day, many participants perceived physical and psychological benefits (e.g. significant weight loss, mood stability and enhanced ability to focus); (3) ‘Intervention facilitators,’ including a range of behavioural (e.g. goal setting), social (e.g. family and dietitians) and technological (e.g. apps for monitoring) support mechanisms; (4) ‘Intervention barriers’ (e.g. dietary preferences, concerns about the diet and its impact, the testing burden and capacity of the delivery team); and (5) ‘The wider context’ (e.g. the cost of living and sociocultural expectations) was a crucial factor explaining differential experiences. …”
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The greenhouse gas observation mission with Global Observing SATellite for Greenhouse gases and Water cycle (GOSAT-GW): objectives, conceptual framework and scientific contribution... by Hiroshi Tanimoto, Tsuneo Matsunaga, Yu Someya, Tamaki Fujinawa, Hirofumi Ohyama, Isamu Morino, Hisashi Yashiro, Takafumi Sugita, Satoshi Inomata, Astrid Müller, Tazu Saeki, Yukio Yoshida, Yosuke Niwa, Makoto Saito, Hibiki Noda, Yousuke Yamashita, Kohei Ikeda, Nobuko Saigusa, Toshinobu Machida, Matthias Max Frey, Hyunkwang Lim, Priyanka Srivastava, Yoshitaka Jin, Atsushi Shimizu, Tomoaki Nishizawa, Yugo Kanaya, Takashi Sekiya, Prabir Patra, Masayuki Takigawa, Jagat Bisht, Yasko Kasai, Tomohiro O. Sato

“…These measurements will contribute significantly to climate change mitigation efforts, particularly by supporting the Global Stocktake (GST) mechanism, a key element of the Paris Agreement.…”
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Dual-Stage AI Model for Enhanced CT Imaging: Precision Segmentation of Kidney and Tumors by Nalan Karunanayake, Lin Lu, Hao Yang, Pengfei Geng, Oguz Akin, Helena Furberg, Lawrence H. Schwartz, Binsheng Zhao

“…Methods: The segmentation framework employs a ViT-based model for the kidney organ, followed by a 3D UNet model with enhanced connections and attention mechanisms for tumor detection and segmentation. Two CECT datasets were used: a public dataset (KiTS23: 489 scans) and a private institutional dataset (Private: 592 scans). …”
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Epitranscriptome profiles reveal participation of the RNA methyltransferase gene OsMTA1 in rice seed germination and salt stress response by Yingbo Li, Ming Yin, Juan Wang, Xiuqin Zhao, Jianlong Xu, Wensheng Wang, Binying Fu

“…However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of m6A methylation involved in seed germination and stress responses are largely unknown. …”
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EHMT2‐mediated R‐loop formation promotes the malignant progression of prostate cancer via activating Aurora B by Yuyang Zhang, Mingqin Su, Yiming Chen, Li Cui, Wei Xia, Renfang Xu, Dong Xue, Xiansheng Zhang, Xingliang Feng

“…Co‐immunoprecipitation, Western blotting and IF assays further elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms. Results EHMT2 was highly expressed in metastatic PCa tissues exhibiting elevated CIN and was strongly associated with adverse clinical outcomes in patients with PCa. …”
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Appearance of green tea compounds in plasma following acute green tea consumption is modulated by the gut microbiome in mice by John D. Sterrett, Kevin D. Quinn, Katrina A. Doenges, Nichole M. Nusbacher, Cassandra L. Levens, Mike L. Armstrong, Richard M. Reisdorph, Harry Smith, Laura M. Saba, Kristine A. Kuhn, Catherine A. Lozupone, Nichole A. Reisdorph

“…ABSTRACT Studies have suggested that phytochemicals in green tea have systemic anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. However, the mechanisms behind these effects are poorly understood, possibly due to the differential metabolism of phytochemicals resulting from variations in gut microbiome composition. …”
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Effects of Nitrate Stress on Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Canna generalis Bailey at Seedling Stage by Zhaohu GU, Shuxin ZHAO, Wenwei WU, Huini XU, Kunzhi LI

“…【Objective】The physiological and biochemical mechanisms of Canna generalis Bailey seedlings in response to nitrate stress were studied in order to provide a basis for improving water eutrophication by planting Canna generalis Bailey.…”
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circASAP1 induces renal clear cell carcinoma ferroptosis by binding to HNRNPC and thereby regulating GPX4 by Yunfei Wang, Taowei Yang, Qihao Li, Zhousan Zheng, Lican Liao, Junjie Cen, Wei Chen, Junhang Luo, Yi Xu, Mi Zhou, Jiaxing Zhang

“…Recent research has shown that high expression of circular non-coding RNA (circRNA) is associated with poor prognosis in patients with renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC), however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Methods After analysing self-sequenced renal cancer and paracancer circRNA sequencing data and comparing it with the GEO public database, we discovered that circASAP1 expression was significantly up-regulated in renal cancers. …”
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