Vision Improvement after Osimertinib Treatment in Paraneoplastic Optic Neuropathy Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma by Masaomi Kubota, Nobumasa Tamura, Takaaki Hayashi, Euido Nishijima, Haruhiko Yanagisawa, Akira Kojima, Tadashi Nakano

“…Single-flash electroretinograms showed normal amplitudes. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed left optic neuritis and showed neither metastatic cancer nor multiple sclerosis. …”
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Apallic syndrome of toxic origin: the diagnostic criteria by N.V. Kurdil, A.O. Volosovets, O.V. Ivashchenko, V.S. Lisovska, H.M. Balan, O.M. Rozhkova, V.V. Andriushchenko

“…Functional magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography are the modern standard for diagnosing vegetative states; however, these methods are still difficult to access in Ukraine. …”
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Metagenomic next-generation sequencing for the clinical identification of spinal infection-associated pathogens by Tengfei Shi, Yuhan Lin, Xuexin Zheng, Hongliang Ruan, Rui Zhang, Yinhuan Liu, Shaohan Xu, Shaohan Xu, Huafeng Wang

“…Although the sensitivities of erythrocyte sedimentation rate-based assay (91.36%), magnetic resonance imaging (88.27%), and C-reactive protein-based assay (87.65%) were better than those of mNGS, their specificities were generally low (20%-40%).ConclusionThe pathogens responsible for SI are complex and diverse. …”
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The neural correlates of guilt highlight preclinical manifestations between bipolar and major depressive disorders by Yu-Chi Lo, Chenyi Chen, Yawei Cheng

“…Method: This study adopted a first-person perspective guilt-provoking functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) task, respectively induced by painful and ambiguous scenarios in 111 individuals: 35 with remitted MDD, 38 with remitted bipolar I disorder (BD-I), and 38 matched controls. …”
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Focal therapy of prostate cancer: Use of artificial intelligence to define tumour volume and predict treatment outcomes by Wayne G. Brisbane, Alan M. Priester, Anissa V. Nguyen, Mark Topoozian, Sakina Mota, Merdie K. Delfin, Samantha Gonzalez, Kyla P. Grunden, Shannon Richardson, Shyam Natarajan, Leonard S. Marks

“…Subjects/patients and methods Subjects were 204 men with prostate cancer (PCa) of grade groups 2–4 (GG ≥ 2), who were enrolled in a trial of partial gland cryoablation (PGA) at UCLA from 2017 to 2022. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐guided biopsy (MRGB) was performed at diagnosis and at 6 and 18 months following PGA. …”
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Enriched rehabilitation on brain functional connectivity in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment by Yaping Huai, Weiwei Yang, Yichen Lv, Kui Wang, Hongyu Zhou, Yiqing Lu, Xiaoyun Zhang, Yaze Wang, Jibing Wang, Xin Wang

“…We investigated the altered resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) with the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in patients with PSCI following ER training through functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Additionally, twenty people undergoing routine physical examinations in the outpatient department of our hospital were selected as the healthy control (HC) group.ResultsBefore training, both groups of PSCI patients exhibited significant impairment in overall cognitive function, attention function, and executive function compared to the HC group. …”
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Multimodal fusion model for diagnosing mild cognitive impairment in unilateral middle cerebral artery steno-occlusive disease by Ziyi Yuan, Zhaodi Huang, Chaojun Li, Shengrong Li, Qingguo Ren, Xiaona Xia, Qingjun Jiang, Daoqiang Zhang, Qi Zhu, Xiangshui Meng, Xiangshui Meng

“…ObjectivesTo propose a multimodal functional brain network (FBN) and structural brain network (SBN) topological feature fusion technique based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), 3D-T1-weighted imaging (3D-T1WI), and demographic characteristics to diagnose mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in patients with unilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) steno-occlusive disease.MethodsThe performances of different algorithms on the MCI dataset were evaluated using 5-fold cross-validation. …”
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En plaque meningioma of the temporal bone: A systematic review on the imaging and management of a rare tumor by Arianna Burato, Giuseppe Maruccio, Livio Presutti, Ignacio Javier Fernandez, Gabriele Molteni, Giulia Molinari

“…The main Computed Tomography (CT) findings were hyperostosis (76 %), hairy appearance of bony margins (16 %), involvement of the mastoid and middle ear (48 %). Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) revealed dural enhancement (28 %), temporal hyperostosis (20 %), a clearly enhancing extra-axial mass (28 %), compression of the surrounding vasculo-nervous structures (8 %) and the possible involvement of the temporal lobe (8 %). …”
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Application of MRI image segmentation algorithm for brain tumors based on improved YOLO by Tao Yang, Xueqi Lu, Lanlan Yang, Miyang Yang, Jinghui Chen, Hongjia Zhao

“…ObjectiveTo assist in the rapid clinical identification of brain tumor types while achieving segmentation detection, this study investigates the feasibility of applying the deep learning YOLOv5s algorithm model to the segmentation of brain tumor magnetic resonance images and optimizes and upgrades it on this basis.MethodsThe research institute utilized two public datasets of meningioma and glioma magnetic resonance imaging from Kaggle. …”
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Bell’s palsy misdiagnosis: characteristics of occult tumors causing facial paralysis by Eun-Jae Chung, Damir Matic, Kevin Fung, S. Danielle MacNeil, Anthony C. Nichols, Ruba Kiwan, KengYeow Tay, John Yoo

“…Four patients were proven to have skin cancers, 3 patients had parotid cancers, and 2 patients had facial nerve schwannomas as a final diagnosis. Initial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in all 9 patients and 8 underwent a follow-up MRI. …”
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Brain anatomy differences in Chinese children who stutter: a preliminary study by Dan Ma, Dan Ma, Lingling Wang, Lingling Wang, Sai Liu, Sai Liu, XinMao Ma, XinMao Ma, Fenglin Jia, Fenglin Jia, Yimin Hua, Yimin Hua, Yi Liao, Yi Liao, Haibo Qu, Haibo Qu

“…The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in the structural morphology of the brain in Chinese children who stutter.MethodsA case–control study was conducted to collect magnetic resonance imaging data from stuttering and non-stuttering children, thereby analyzing whole-brain gray matter volume and cortical morphological changes in stuttering children.ResultsA total of 108 subjects were recruited (stuttering group: control group = 1:1). …”
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Advancing precision medicine: the transformative role of artificial intelligence in immunogenomics, radiomics, and pathomics for biomarker discovery and immunotherapy optimization by Luchen Chang, Jiamei Liu, Jialin Zhu, Shuyue Guo, Yao Wang, Zhiwei Zhou, Xi Wei

“…In radiomics, AI can analyze high-dimensional features from computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) images to discover imaging biomarkers associated with tumor heterogeneity, treatment response, and disease progression, thereby enabling non-invasive, real-time assessments for personalized therapy. …”
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Acupuncture treatment of restless legs syndrome: a randomized clinical controlled study protocol based on PET-CT and fMRI by Lin Tang, Na Zhao, Xiaolin Gao, Jinjin Li, Xintong Yu, Ruilong Liang, Chen Xie, Lutong Li, Qianqian Wang, Wenjia Yang

“…The objective evaluation tools will be polysomnography, positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET-CT), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the brain. All adverse effects will be assessed by the Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale. …”
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The current state of knowledge on the role of NKG2D ligands in multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases by Aleksandra Pogoda-Wesołowska, Nina Sługocka, Agnieszka Synowiec, Klaudia Brodaczewska, Marcin Mejer-Zahorowski, Maciej Ziękiewicz, Wojciech Szypowski, Piotr Szymański, Adam Stępień

“…The main tests used to support the diagnosis are magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. …”
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Growth of the prefrontal cortical glioblastoma altered cognitive and emotional behaviors via mediating miRNAs and GABA-A receptor signaling pathways in rats by Sepide Nateghi, Ameneh Rezayof, Fatemeh Kouhkan, Ladan Delphi, Yavar Bagheri Davisaraei, Fatemeh Rostami, Fatemeh Tirgar, Houri Sepehri

“…The implantation of C6 cells into the mPFC induced GBM in this brain region (referred to as the mPFC-GBM) in male Wistar rats via stereotaxic surgery, as confirmed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining. …”
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The medial and lateral orbitofrontal cortex jointly represent the cognitive map of task space by Liwei Tan, Yidan Qiu, Lixin Qiu, Shuting Lin, Jinhui Li, Jiajun Liao, Yuting Zhang, Wei Zou, Ruiwang Huang

“…By performing a multi-step sequential task and multivariate analyses of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, we found that the mOFC and lOFC play complementary but dissociable roles in this process. …”
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Combined morphology and radiomics of intravoxel incoherent movement as a predictive model for the pathologic complete response before neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with brea... by Yunyan Zheng, Hui Zhang, Huijian Chen, Yang Song, Ping Lu, Mingping Ma, Mengbo Lin, Muzhen He

“…Radiomics and conventional magnetic resonance imaging features analysis were performed. …”
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Papillary Urothelial Neoplasia with Low Malignant Potential (PUNLMP) in a 9-year-old Child: A Case Report and Review of Literature by Abbas Al Bazzal, Amarelle Chamoun, Zeinab Karaki, Ibrahim Ballout, Bachar Al Al, Linda Chamma, Hussein Issa, Mohamad Moussa, Hiba Hamdar

“…Ultrasound is the first line imaging tool for assessing bladder lesions, followed by cross-sectional imaging examinations such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging if the diagnosis is uncertain. The bladder tumor is typically removed through the urethra. …”
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Decidualized ovarian and rectouterine deep endometriosis disguised as malignancy in the second-trimester of pregnancy: A case report by Lingjie Bao, Ting Wang, Yinping Xiao, Shouxin Gu, Xiaoyu Zhou, Yunxi Zheng, Yun Chen, Xiaofang Yi

“…Serial nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without contrast media for further evaluation indicated that these newly found pelvic masses were suspected to be ovarian endometrioid carcinoma with a metastasized lesion at rectouterine pouch. …”
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Self-reports map the landscape of task states derived from brain imaging by Brontë Mckeown, Ian Goodall-Halliwell, Raven Wallace, Louis Chitiz, Bridget Mulholland, Theodoros Karapanagiotidis, Samyogita Hardikar, Will Strawson, Adam Turnbull, Tamara Vanderwal, Nerissa Ho, Hao-Ting Wang, Ting Xu, Michael Milham, Xiuyi Wang, Meichao Zhang, Tirso RJ Gonzalez Alam, Reinder Vos de Wael, Boris Bernhardt, Daniel Margulies, Jeffrey Wammes, Elizabeth Jefferies, Robert Leech, Jonathan Smallwood

“…Over the last two decades, studies have shown that introspective descriptions of psychological states correlate with objective indicators of cognition, including task performance and metrics of brain function, using techniques like functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Such evidence suggests it may be possible to quantify the mapping between self-reports of experience and objective representations of those states (e.g., those inferred from measures of brain activity). …”
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