Government and farmer responses to the fall armyworm outbreak in mainland Southeast Asia by Eiichi Kusano, Nipon Poapongsakorn, Urairat Jantarasiri, Kamphol Pantakua, Cuong H. Tran, Khin Akari Tar, Khin Akari Tar, Thong Kong, Viengsavanh V. Phimphachanhvongsod, Youichi Kobori

“…IntroductionNative to the Americas and highly polyphagous, the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) has garnered attention for causing significant damage, primarily to maize.MethodsThis study synthesizes FAW emergence, government responses, and farmer reactions in mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA), and assesses the feasibility of government-recommended measures in terms of efficacy and cost-efficiency.ResultsFrom late 2018 to the rainy season of 2019, FAW infestations extensively emerged in MSEA maize fields. …”
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The large and central Caligo martia eyespot may reduce fatal attacks by birds: a case study supports the deflection hypothesis in nature by Iserhard, Cristiano Agra, Malta, Shimene, Penz, Carla, Fraga, Brenda Barbon, Costa, Camila Abel, Schwantz, Taiane, Bordin, Kauane Maiara

“…Both eyespots and camouflage can be considered efficient functional traits in defence against predation in forest environments, and experiments focusing on local predators and prey are key to our understanding of wing pattern evolution in Lepidoptera.…”
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Farmer perception of impacts of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith) and transferability of its management practices in Uganda by Andrew Kalyebi, Michael H. Otim, Tom Walsh, Wee Tek Tay

“…Abstract Background The Fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is now established across the African continent and is a highly polyphagous and destructive pest of many crops. …”
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A strain of Talaromyces assiutensis provides multiple protection effects against insect pests and a fungal pathogen after endophytic settlement in soybean plants by Li Sui, Yang Lu, Ke Cheng, Yifan Tian, Zhiming Liu, Zhao Xie, Zhengkun Zhang, Qiyun Li

“…Its pathogenicity towards five insect pests belonging to Lepidoptera and Hemiptera, as well as the effect of temperature on its growth and pathogenicity against insects were measured. …”
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