Corticostriatal Plastic Changes in Experimental L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia by Veronica Ghiglieri, Vincenza Bagetta, Valentina Pendolino, Barbara Picconi, Paolo Calabresi

“…In Parkinson’s disease (PD), alteration of dopamine- (DA-) dependent striatal functions and pulsatile stimulation of DA receptors caused by the discontinuous administration of levodopa (L-DOPA) lead to a complex cascade of events affecting the postsynaptic striatal neurons that might account for the appearance of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID). …”
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l-Tyrosine and l-DOPA: Promising scaffolds for the synthesis of biologically active compounds by Ndayiragije, Euphrem, Caumul, Prakashanand, Joondan, Nausheen,  Bhowon, Minu Gupta, Jhaumeer Laulloo, Sabina

“…This review reports the synthetic strategies as well as the physicochemical and biological properties of l-tyrosine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-l-alanine (l-DOPA) esters, amides, and imine derivatives including dopamines and tyrosol derivatives from 2010 to 2024. …”
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Effect of Grovth Medium on L-Dopa and Dopamine Production Using Citrobacter freundii (NRRL B-2643) by Sinan Saydam, Dursun Özer, Veyis Selen, Meltem Çakmak, Fikret Karataş

Subjects: “…l-dopa…”
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Role of Serotonin Neurons in L-DOPA- and Graft-Induced Dyskinesia in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease by Eunju Shin, Elisabetta Tronci, Manolo Carta

“…L-DOPA, the most effective drug to treat motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease, causes abnormal involuntary movements, limiting its use in advanced stages of the disease. …”
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Levetiracetam Ameliorates L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia in Hemiparkinsonian Rats Inducing Critical Molecular Changes in the Striatum by Huan Du, Shuke Nie, Guiqin Chen, Kai Ma, Yan Xu, Zhentao Zhang, Stella M. Papa, Xuebing Cao

“…L-DOPA-induced dyskinesias (LID) remain a major problem of long-term therapy of Parkinson’s disease. …”
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L-Dopa Pharmacokinetic Profile with Effervescent Melevodopa/Carbidopa versus Standard-Release Levodopa/Carbidopa Tablets in Parkinson’s Disease: A Randomised Study by Fabrizio Stocchi, Laura Vacca, Paola Grassini, Stephen Pawsey, Holly Whale, Stefano Marconi, Margherita Torti

“…To characterize the pharmacokinetic profile of levodopa (L-dopa) and carbidopa after repeated doses of the effervescent tablet of melevodopa/carbidopa (V1512; Sirio) compared with standard-release L-dopa/carbidopa in patients with fluctuating Parkinson’s disease. …”
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Manganese Inhalation as a Parkinson Disease Model by José Luis Ordoñez-Librado, Verónica Anaya-Martínez, Ana Luisa Gutierrez-Valdez, Laura Colín-Barenque, Enrique Montiel-Flores, Maria Rosa Avila-Costa

“…By the end of Mn exposure, 10 mice were orally treated with 7.5 mg/kg L-DOPA. After 5 months of Mn mixture inhalation, striatal dopamine content decreased 71%, the SNc showed important reduction in the number of TH-immunopositive neurons, mice developed akinesia, postural instability, and action tremor; these motor alterations were reverted with L-DOPA treatment. …”
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Enhanced Neuroprotective Effects of Coadministration of Tetrandrine with Glutathione in Preclinical Model of Parkinson’s Disease by Xiang-Yun Li, Guang-Hai Mei, Qiang Dong, Yu Zhang, Zhuang-Li Guo, Jing-Jing Su, Yu-Ping Tang, Xue-Hong Jin, Hou-Guang Zhou, Yan-Yan Huang

“…Additionally, coadministration of GSH + Tet appeared to offset the possible oxidative neurotoxicity induced by L-dopa. Conclusion. In this study, we demonstrated that tetrandrine allowed occurrence of the neuroprotective effect of glutathione probably due to inhibition of P-glycoprotein on 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rat models of Parkinson’s disease, including rats undergoing long-term L-dopa treatment.…”
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Knowing Your Beans in Parkinson’s Disease: A Critical Assessment of Current Knowledge about Different Beans and Their Compounds in the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease and in Anima... by Michel Rijntjes

“…While there is a long tradition in Ayurvedic medicine of prescribing extracts from Mucuna pruriens (MP), whose seeds contain 5% L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanin (L-DOPA), many other beans also contain L-DOPA (broad beans, common beans, and soybeans) or have other ingredients (coffee and cocoa) that may benefit PD patients. …”
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Understanding and Prevention of “Therapy-” Induced Dyskinesias by Iciar Aviles-Olmos, Zinovia Kefalopoulou, Thomas Foltynie

“…L-dopa is the most effective, currently available treatment for Parkinson’s disease (PD), but it leads to the development of involuntary movements known as L-dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) in the majority of patients after long-term use. …”
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Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors for Parkinson's Disease Therapy by Fabrizio Gasparini, Thérèse Di Paolo, Baltazar Gomez-Mancilla

“…Excessive glutamatergic signalling within the basal ganglia is implicated in the progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and inthe emergence of dyskinesia associated with long-term treatment with L-DOPA. There is considerable research focus on the discovery and development of compounds that modulate glutamatergic signalling via glutamate receptors, as treatments for PD and L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID). …”
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Lipids and C-reactive protein predict anhedonia and reward circuit functional connectivity responses to anti-cytokine and dopaminergic therapies in patients with depression by Aditya Singh, Mandakh Bekhbat, David R. Goldsmith, Ngoc-Anh Le, Evanthia C. Wommack, Zhihao Li, Ebrahim Haroon, Jennifer C. Felger

“…Lipid scores similarly predicted CRP-related increases in reward circuit FC after L-DOPA (r = 0.53, p < 0.01) but not placebo (r = 0.20, p = 0.34). …”
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Active Theater as a Complementary Therapy for Parkinson's Disease Rehabilitation: A Pilot Study by Nicola Modugno, Sara Iaconelli, Mariagrazia Fiorlli, Francesco Lena, Imogen Kusch, Giovanni Mirabella

“…To assess this hypothesis, we ran a randomized, controlled, and single-blinded study that lasted 3 years, on 20 subjects affected by a moderate form of idiopathic PD, in stable treatment with L-dopa and L-dopa agonists, and without severe sensory deficits. …”
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HEALTH-PROMOTING PROPERTIES OF BROAD BEANS (VICIA FABA L.) by Alicja Baranowska

“…Broad beans are a good source of l-3,4-dihydroxphenylalanine (L-DOPA), a precursor of dopamine, which is used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. …”
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Microbial Tyrosinases: Promising Enzymes for Pharmaceutical, Food Bioprocessing, and Environmental Industry by Kamal Uddin Zaidi, Ayesha S. Ali, Sharique A. Ali, Ishrat Naaz

“…In environmental technology it is used for the detoxification of phenol-containing wastewaters and contaminated soils, as biosensors for phenol monitoring, and for the production of L-DOPA in pharmaceutical industries, and is also used in cosmetic and food industries as important catalytic enzyme. …”
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Evaluation of Antioxidant Activities and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Effects of Ginkgo biloba Tea Extract by Pongsathorn Klomsakul, Arisara Aiumsubtub, Pornchanok Chalopagorn

“…Furthermore, the antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH assay and tyrosinase inhibitory activity was also determined with L-DOPA as a substrate. The extract showed the total phenolic compound and flavonoid content were 14.13 mg GE g−1 extract and 71.33 mg rutin equivalence g−1 DW, respectively. …”
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Tyrosinase Inhibitory Effect and Antioxidative Activities of Fermented and Ethanol Extracts of Rhodiola rosea and Lonicera japonica by Yuh-Shuen Chen, Hua-Chian Liou, Chin-Feng Chan

“…Tyrosinase inhibition was determined by using the dopachrome method with L-DOPA as substrate. The results demonstrated that inhibitory effects (ED50 values) on mushroom tyrosinase of fermented Rhodiola rosea, fermented Lonicera japonica, ethanol extract of Lonicera japonica, and ethanol extract of Rhodiola rosea were 0.78, 4.07, 6.93, and >10 mg/ml, respectively. …”
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“Does the Response to Morning Medication Predict the ADL-Level of the Day in Parkinson’s Disease?” by Trine Hørmann Thomsen, Troels Wesenberg Kjær, Lene Bastrup Jørgensen, Anita Haahr, Kristian Winge

“…The individuals experienced disabilities in performing “Speech” (p=0.004) and “Doing hobbies” (p=0.038) when being slow or poor responders to dopaminergic therapy. The PD patients’ L-dopa equivalent dose seems to be a strong predictor of the ADL-level in the morning. …”
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Kinetics of Mushroom Tyrosinase and Melanogenesis Inhibition by N-Acetyl-pentapeptides by Ching-Yi Lien, Ching-Yu Chen, Shih-Ting Lai, Chin-Feng Chan

“…The 4N-acetyl-pentapeptides were able to reduce the oxidation of L-DOPA by tyrosinase in a dose-dependent manner. Of the 4N-acetyl-pentapeptides, only Ac-P4 exhibited lag time (80 s) at a concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. …”
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The Role of the Gastrointestinal Microbiota in Parkinson’s Disease by Maurizio Gabrielli, Lorenzo Zileri Dal Verme, Maria Assunta Zocco, Enrico Celestino Nista, Veronica Ojetti, Antonio Gasbarrini

“…These conditions may not only contribute to PD progression but also influence therapeutic responses such as L-dopa efficacy. Conclusions: The potential to modulate gut microbiota through probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics; fecal microbiota transplantation; and antibiotics represents a promising frontier for innovative PD treatments. …”
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