Stage-specific expression and divergent functions of two insulinase-like proteases associated with host infectivity in Cryptosporidium. by Yue Huang, Shifeng Pei, Xin Lv, Fuxian Yang, Xiaoqing Gong, Na Li, Yaqiong Guo, Yaoyu Feng, Lihua Xiao

“…Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that INS-19 and INS-20 are expressed at different developmental stages of the pathogen. Although knockout of either had no detectable effect on the in vitro growth of C. parvum, knockout of INS-20, deletion of its multiple domains, or mutation of the active motif in the functional domain reduced the intensity of C. parvum infection in IFN-γ knockout mice. …”
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γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Metabolic Bypass Plays a Crucial Role in Stress Tolerance and Biofilm Formation in <i>C. sakazakii</i> ATCC 29544 by Jiangchao Wu, Yigang Yu, Fengsong Liu, Yifang Cao, Jiahao Ren, Yiting Fan, Xinglong Xiao

“…The GABA content and survival rates of both the wild-type and knockout strains were compared under various stress conditions. …”
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HACE1 protects against myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury via inhibition of mitochondrial fission in mice by Bang-Xia Liu, Juan Zheng, Zhan-Wei Tang, Lei Gao, Meng Wang, Ying Sun, Chen Chen, Heng-Chen Yao

“…Methods Male C57BL6 mice with HACE1 knockout (KO) were subjected to 30 min of ischemia via ligation of the left anterior descending artery, followed by 0, 2, 6, or 24 h of reperfusion. …”
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Neuronal BDNF Signaling Is Necessary for the Effects of Treadmill Exercise on Synaptic Stripping of Axotomized Motoneurons by Joey Krakowiak, Caiyue Liu, Chandana Papudesu, P. Jillian Ward, Jennifer C. Wilhelm, Arthur W. English

“…No further reduction in coverage was found if nerves were cut in knockout mice. Two weeks of moderate daily treadmill exercise following nerve injury in these BDNF knockout mice did not affect synaptic inputs onto motoneurons. …”
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Manipulations with early mouse embryos for generation of genetically modified animals by A. N. Korablev, I. A. Serova, B. V. Skryabin

“…Until last time, the CRISPR/Cas9 system noticeably simplified the preparation of knockout or transgenic mice. CRISPR/Cas9 technology was successfully applied for gene knockout and knock-in, generation of large deletions or directed insertions in targeted genome regions in embryonic stem cells (ESCs).When injected into blastocysts, such  modified ESCs are able to generate chimeras producing gametes with an identical genotype with ESC. …”
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Ficolin B in Diabetic Kidney Disease in a Mouse Model of Type 1 Diabetes by Charlotte Berg Holt, Jakob Appel Østergaard, Esben Axelgaard, Gitte Krogh Nielsen, Yuichi Endo, Steffen Thiel, Troels Krarup Hansen

“…We induced diabetes with streptozotocin in female wild-type mice and ficolin B knockout mice and included two similar nondiabetic groups. …”
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CRISPR-Cas9-based one-step multiplexed genome editing through optimizing guide RNA processing strategies in Pichia pastoris by Kaidi Chen, Gulikezi Maimaitirexiati, Qiannan Zhang, Yi Li, Xiangjian Liu, Hongting Tang, Xiang Gao, Bo Wang, Tao Yu, Shuyuan Guo

“…The efficiency of dual-site knockout ranged from 60 % to 100 %, with functional genes knockout achieving approximately 60 % (Δaox1Δgut1), while dual neutral sites knockout reached 100 %. …”
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Major facility superfamily sugar transporter protein SsMFSST1 regulates Sporisorium scitamineum mating, pathogenicity, and sugar transport/absorption by Yi Zhang, Yongding He, Meixin Yan, Shilong Zhang, Sisi Zhou, Wankuan Shen

“…The research results showed that the sexual mating ability of the knockout mutants significantly decreased compared with the wild type, while the sexual mating ability of the complementary mutants was almost restored to the level of the wild type. …”
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Epac1 Restores Normal Insulin Signaling through a Reduction in Inflammatory Cytokines by Elizabeth Curtiss, Youde Jiang, Li Liu, Claire Hawthorne, Jessica Zhang, Jena J. Steinle

“…Confocal microscopy was performed to localize the insulin receptor in the retina of Epac1 floxed and endothelial cell-specific Epac1 knockout mice. Whole retinal lysates from Epac1 floxed and endothelial cell-specific Epac1 knockout mice were used to investigate proteins involved in the insulin signaling cascade. …”
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Role of intestinal mucin-2 in the effectiveness of the treatment of Helicobacter spp. infection in laboratory mice by E. A. Litvinova, M. D. Belyaev, A. V. Prokhortchouk, V. S. Korostina, E. B. Prokhortchouk, E. N. Kozhevnikova

“…Moreover, the mortality of Muc2 knockout mice during the antibacterial treatment was 60 %. …”
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The critical role of MLKL in hemorrhagic stroke and the therapeutic potential of its associated protein network by Yi Wang, Yi Wang, Moran Xu, Xiaoli Zuo, Sheng Wang, Yong Yu, Zhaobing Gao, Zhaobing Gao, Jingbo Qie, Ye Jiang, Fang Huang, Bingqing Xia, Bingqing Xia

“…However, we found that Mlkl knockout alone was insufficient to fully reverse neuroinflammation and pathological damage. …”
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Metallothionein-3-mediated intracellular zinc mediates antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses in the complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced inflammatory pain mouse model by Ngoc Buu Tran, Sook-Jeong Lee

“…We investigated the role of metallothionein-3 (MT3) in modulating complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced intracellular Zn2+ activity in an MT3 knockout mouse model of inflammatory pain in the hind paw. …”
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Utilisation of an in vivo malaria model to provide functional proof for RhopH1/CLAG essentiality and conserved orthology with P. falciparum by Mitchell L. Trickey, Mrittika Chowdury, Georgina Bramwell, Natalie A. Counihan, Tania F. de Koning-Ward

“…Yet curiously, the combined knockout of both clag3 genes does not completely eliminate NPP function. …”
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Inflammatory adhesion mediates myocardial segmental necroptosis induced by mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein in acute myocardial infarction by Lijiang Wei, Naifu Wan, Wentong Zhu, Chenchen Liu, Zeyu Chen, Wuwei Rong, Lujun Zhang, Meifeng Xie, Yueqi Qin, Ting Sun, Qing Jing, Ankang Lyu

“…Although existing reports indicating that mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) is involved in macrophage necroptosis and inflammasome activation, the downstream mechanism of MLKL in necroptosis remain poorly characterized in AMI. Methods MLKL knockout mice (MLKLKO), RIPK3 knockout mice (RIPK3KO), and macrophage-specific MLKL conditional knockout mice (MLKLM−KO) were established. …”
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Lack of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α Influences on Macrophages Ability to Deal with Leishmania braziliensis In Vitro and Affects Pathology In Vivo by Rodrigo C.O. Sanches, Leonardo G. Vaz, Fabio V. Marinho, Erika S. Guimarães, Edgar M. Carvalho, Lucas P. Carvalho, Sergio C. Oliveira

“…Moreover, draining lymph nodes from myeloid HIF-1α–knockout mice also harbored increased populations of T cells. …”
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Rodent Models for Investigating the Dysregulation of Immune Responses in Type 1 Diabetes by Feng-Cheng Chou, Heng-Yi Chen, Shyi-Jou Chen, Mei-Cho Fang, Huey-Kang Sytwu

“…Because the genetic manipulation of mice is well developed (transgenic, knockout, and conditional knockout/transgenic), most studies are performed using the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model. …”
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Genetically edited human placental organoids cast new light on the role of ACE2 by Anya L. Arthurs, Bianca Dietrich, Martin Knöfler, Caleb J. Lushington, Paul Q. Thomas, Fatwa Adikusuma, Jessica M. Williamson, Susan Babikha, Tyla Damhuis, Tanja Jankovic-Karasoulos, Melanie D. Smith, Kirsty G. Pringle, Claire T. Roberts

“…Here, we report that ACE2 knockout results in delayed placental cell growth and increased cell death. …”
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CD2AP deficiency aggravates Alzheimer’s disease phenotypes and pathology through p38 MAPK activation by Yan-Yan Xue, Zhe-Sheng Zhang, Rong-Rong Lin, Hui-Fen Huang, Ke-Qing Zhu, Dian-Fu Chen, Zhi-Ying Wu, Qing-Qing Tao

“…Furthermore, the phenotypes of neuronal Cd2ap knockout were ameliorated by a p38 MAPK inhibitor. …”
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mTOR Modulates the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced CD4+ T Cell Apoptosis Mediated by ROS in Septic Immunosuppression by Hao Wang, Jianwei Chen, Guangxu Bai, Wen Han, Ran Guo, Na Cui

“…Additionally, we constructed T cell-specific mTOR and TSC1 gene knockout mice to determine the role of mTOR in ROS-mediated, ERS-induced CD4+ T cell apoptosis. …”
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Automatic Quantification of Atherosclerosis in Contrast-Enhanced MicroCT Scans of Mouse Aortas Ex Vivo by Vincent A. Stadelmann, Gabrielle Boyd, Martin Guillot, Jean-Guy Bienvenu, Charles Glaus, Aurore Varela

“…Approach and Results. 42 WT and 42 apolipoprotein E knockout mouse aortas were scanned. The walls, lumen, and plaque objects were segmented using dual-threshold algorithms. …”
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