Muscarinic cannabinoid suppression of excitation, a novel form of coincidence detection by Michaela Dvorakova, Ken Mackie, Alex Straiker

“…Its induction is blocked by CB1 and muscarinic M3/M5 receptor antagonists and is absent in CB1 receptor knockout neurons. Notably, once it is established, inhibition is reversed by a CB1, but not a muscarinic, antagonist, suggesting that the inhibition occurs via persistent activation of CB1 receptors. …”
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Novel Role of Endogenous Catalase in Macrophage Polarization in Adipose Tissue by Ye Seul Park, Md Jamal Uddin, Lingjuan Piao, Inah Hwang, Jung Hwa Lee, Hunjoo Ha

“…Thus, we examined the role of endogenous catalase, a key regulator of oxidative stress, in the activity of adipose tissue macrophages in obese mice. Catalase knockout (CKO) exacerbated insulin resistance, amplified oxidative stress, and accelerated macrophage infiltration into epididymal white adipose tissue in mice on normal or high-fat diet. …”
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Acrylamide exposure promotes the progression of depression-like behavior in mice with CUMS via GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis by JianFeng Liu, Chenyang Han, Jian Shen, Yingcong Lin, Heping Shen, Genghuan Wang

“…Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect tissue inflammatory factor levels, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Nissl staining to detect neuronal damage, immunohistochemical staining to detect IBA-1 expression, and Western-blotting to detect protein levels. GSDMD knockout (KO) mice and the GSDMD inhibitor LDC7559 were used to inhibit GSDMD. …”
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Endothelial SHANK3 regulates tight junctions in the neonatal mouse blood-brain barrier through β-Catenin signaling by Yong-Eun Kim, Minseong Kim, Sunwhi Kim, Raham Lee, Yusuke Ujihara, Esther Magdalena Marquez-Wilkins, Yong-Hui Jiang, Esther Yang, Hyun Kim, Changhoon Lee, Changwon Park, Il Hwan Kim

“…Endothelium-specific Shank3 (eShank3) knockout (KO) neonatal mice exhibit male-specific BBB-hyperpermeability, reduced neuronal excitability, and impaired ultra-sonic communications. …”
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Role of the Kaiso gene in the development of inflammation in Mucin-2 defcient mice by E. A. Litvinova, K. M. Achasova, M. A. Borisova, S. V. Zhenilo, E. B. Prokhortchouk, E. N. Kozhevnikova

“…The defciency of the Kaiso transcription factor in Mucin-2 knockout mice causes a decrease in the expression level of only the Cox2 and Tff3 genes. …”
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Evaluation of the Digital Ventilated Cage® system for circadian phenotyping by Selma Tir, Russell G. Foster, Stuart N. Peirson

“…Home cage activity in C57BL/6J mice was recorded under a range of lighting conditions, along with circadian clock-deficient cryptochrome-deficient mice (Cry1 −/− , Cry2 −/− double knockout). C57BL/6J mice exhibited a 24 h period under light/dark conditions, with a free-running period of 23.5 h under constant dark, and period lengthening under constant light. …”
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Effect of IRAK-M on Airway Inflammation Induced by Cigarette Smoking by Haihong Gong, Tao Liu, Wei Chen, Weixun Zhou, Jinming Gao

“…A number of cellular and molecular techniques were used to detect the differences between IRAK-M knockout (KO) and wild type (WT) mice exposed to 3-day or 7-week CS. …”
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Mast Cells Exert Anti-Inflammatory Effects in an IL10−/− Model of Spontaneous Colitis by E. M. Lennon, L. B. Borst, L. L. Edwards, A. J. Moeser

“…We compared colitis and intestinal barrier function in IL10−/− mice to mast cell deficient/IL10−/− (double knockout (DKO): KitWsh/Wsh × IL10−/−) mice. Compared with IL10−/− mice, DKO mice exhibited more severe colitis as assessed by increased colitis scores, mucosal hypertrophy, intestinal permeability, and colonic cytokine production. …”
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The SGLT-2 Inhibitor Dapagliflozin Has a Therapeutic Effect on Atherosclerosis in Diabetic ApoE−/− Mice by Weiling Leng, Xinshou Ouyang, Xiaotian Lei, Mingxia Wu, Liu Chen, Qinan Wu, Wuquan Deng, Ziwen Liang

“…The effects of dapagliflozin on the IL-1β production in culturing primary macrophages of wild type and NLRP3−/− knockout mice were investigated for mechanism analyses. …”
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tPA-MMP-9 Axis Plays a Pivotal Role in Mobilization of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Bone Marrow to Circulation and Ischemic Region for Angiogenesis by Steve Leu, Yuan-Ji Day, Cheuk-Kwan Sun, Hon-Kan Yip

“…Male C57BL/6J mice having been irradiated were categorized into wild-type mice (WT) receiving WT bone marrow cell (BMC) transfusion (group 1), WT mice receiving MMP-9 knockout (MMP-9−/−) BMC (group 2), MMP-9−/− receiving MMP-9−/− BMC (group 3), and MMP-9−/− receiving WT BMC (group 4), each of which was subdivided into sham control (SC), CLI, SC-tPA, and CLI-tPA. …”
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O-GlcNAc transferase mediates O-GlcNAcylation of NLRP3 regulates pyroptosis in spinal cord injury by Zhichao Zeng, Xuqiang Liao, Xinjian Zhao

“…We verified the endogenous and exogenous interactions between NLRP3 and OGT. Importantly, knockout of OGT mitigated the progression of SCI in an animal model, suggesting a protective role of OGT inhibition in SCI. …”
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Protein interference for regulation of gene expression in plants by A. O. Vyacheslavova, I. A. Abdeeva, E. S. Piruzian, S. A. Bruskin

“…Moreover, small interfering peptides and proteins can be used as a tool for fundamental research on the function of genes as well as for applied research for permanent or temporary knockout of genes. In this review, we have demonstrated recent studies related to siPEP/siPROT and their involvement in the response to various stresses, as well as possible ways to obtain small proteins.…”
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5-HT Drives Mortality in Sepsis Induced by Cecal Ligation and Puncture in Mice by Jingyao Zhang, Jianbin Bi, Sushun Liu, Qing Pang, Ruiyao Zhang, Shun Wang, Chang Liu

“…CLP was performed on C57B/6 wild-type (WT) mice and tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1) knockout (KO) mice. The results showed that the 5-HT-sufficient group mice had a significantly lower survival rate than the 5-HT-deficient group in CLP-induced sepsis and septic shock. …”
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A Protein with Unknown Function, Ps495620, Is Critical for the Sporulation and Oospore Production of <i>Phytophthora sojae</i> by Xiaoran Du, Yan Zeng, Yiying Li, Qin Peng, Jianqiang Miao, Xili Liu

“…The <i>Ps495620</i>-knockout mutants exhibited significantly increased oospore production and decreased sporangium formation compared to the wild-type strain P6497. …”
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Acid sphingomyelinase modulates anxiety-like behavior likely through toll-like receptor signaling pathway by Huiqi Yuan, Yanan Xu, Hailun Jiang, Meizhu Jiang, Luofei Zhang, Shifeng Wei, Cao Li, Zhigang Zhao

“…In the present study, we employed Asm-knockout (Asm KO) mice to investigate the association between Asm and anxiety using behavioral tests, RNA sequencing, q-PCR, immunohistochemical staining, and other methods. …”
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Hypoxia Associated Proteolytic Processing of OS-9 by the Metalloproteinase Meprin β by Barry Lee Martin, Sabena Michelle Conley, Regine Simone Harris, Corshe Devon Stanley, Jean-Marie Vianney Niyitegeka, Elimelda Moige Ongeri

“…To determine if OS-9 is a meprin substrate, kidney proteins from meprin αβ knockout mice (αβKO) (which lack endogenous meprins) and purified human OS-9 were incubated with activated forms of meprin A and meprin B, and Western blot analysis was used to evaluate proteolytic processing of OS-9. …”
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TEFM facilitates transition from RNA synthesis to DNA synthesis at H-strand replication origin of mtDNA by Shigeru Matsuda, Masunari Nakayama, Yura Do, Takashi Ishiuchi, Mikako Yagi, Sjoerd Wanrooij, Kazuto Nakada, Fan-Yan Wei, Kenji Ichiyanagi, Hiroyuki Sasaki, Dongchon Kang, Takehiro Yasukawa

“…Herein, we examine the role of mitochondrial transcription elongation factor (TEFM) in this process. TEFM knockout results in decreased 7S DNA, strand-asynchronous replication intermediates, and mtDNA copy number, all of which are concordant with downregulation of RNA-to-DNA transition at OH. …”
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CD226 Deficiency Alleviates Murine Allergic Rhinitis by Suppressing Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cell Responses by Yang Xie, Yuan Zhang, Tianxiao Zhu, Jingchang Ma, Chujun Duan, Lu Yang, Tingting Wang, Ran Zhuang, Ka Bian, Lianjun Lu

“…This study is aimed at elucidating the role of CD226 in allergic inflammatory responses in murine AR using global and CD4+ T cell-specific Cd226 knockout (KO) mice. AR nasal symptoms were assessed based on the frequency of nose rubbing and sneezing. …”
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SOCS2 inhibits the tumorigenesis of GISTs and increases the sensitivity of GISTs to imatinib by suppression of KIT activation by Liangying Zhang, Kun Xiao, Shaoting Zhang, Sien Zhao, Zimei Liu, Ming Wang, Kaiyue Qin, Yuanyuan Yu, Shujing Li, Lijun Ma, Jianmin Sun

“…In KITV558A/WT mice, knockout of SOCS2 expression increased the tumorigenesis of GISTs and decreased the life span of the mice. …”
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Expression of MxA in esophageal cancer cell lines can influence sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents but this does not require apoptosis by R. M. Hayes, T. R. O'Donovan, S. L. McKenna

“…We then evaluated siRNA knockdown of MxA in FLO‐1 cells and CRISPR knockout in OE21 cells. Knockdown of MxA significantly increased drug sensitivity and caspase‐3 activation in FLO‐1 cells. …”
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