Les réseaux transsahariens de la traite de l’or et des esclaves au haut Moyen Âge : VIIIe-XIe siècle by Roger Botte

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Murji'ah and Legitimacy of the Umayyads by Shaban Ali Bidaki, Muhammad Sepehri, Mahmood Seyyed

“…For this reason, the term Murji'ah has been used for a range of different intellectual and political currents and sometimes contradictions, and even in the case of Kharijites and Shiites. The central issue of the present study is what the type of confrontation and reaction of the Murji'ah difference in compromising and confronting the Umayyads was? …”
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L’ibadisme maghrébin en contexte fatimide (début xe-milieu xie siècle) by Cyrille Aillet

“…First, by presenting him as a “Kharijite” leader who had spread the “fitna” over the whole country, and secondly by putting forward another revolt. …”
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Les ports d’Ifrīqiya et les stratégies des califes fatimides dans le Maghreb central by Dominique Valérian

“…Maghrebian military campaigns (against the Kharijits or in the West the Idrisids and small rulers, more or less linked to the Umayyads of Córdoba) remained for a long time purely terrestrial and followed the traditional routes used by Muslim armies since the conquest. …”
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