On the Primary Ionization Mechanism(s) in Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization by Laura Molin, Roberta Seraglia, Zbigniew Czarnocki, Jan K. Maurin, Franciszek A. Pluciński, Pietro Traldi

“…A mechanism is proposed for the first step of ionization occurring in matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization, leading to protonated and deprotonated matrix (Ma) molecules ([Ma+H]+ and [Ma-H]- ions). …”
Get full text

Development of a Portable Single Photon Ionization-Photoelectron Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer by Yunguang Huang, Jinxu Li, Bin Tang, Liping Zhu, Keyong Hou, Haiyang Li

“…A vacuum ultraviolet lamp based single photon ionization- (SPI-) photoelectron ionization (PEI) portable reflecting time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOFMS) was designed for online monitoring gas samples. …”
Get full text

On the structure of ionizing shock waves in magnetofluiddynamics by A. Aghajani, M. Hesaaraki

“…Ionizing shock waves in magnetofluiddynamics occur when the coefficient of electrical conductivity is very small ahead of the shock and very large behind it. …”
Get full text

Response in Ambient Low Temperature Plasma Ionization Compared to Electrospray and Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization for Mass Spectrometry by Andreas Kiontke, Susan Billig, Claudia Birkemeyer

“…Several ionization techniques were developed for this purpose among which electrospray ionization (ESI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) are two of the most frequently applied atmospheric pressure methods to ionize target compounds from liquid matrices or solutions. …”
Get full text

Comparison of Electrospray Ionization and Atmospheric Chemical Ionization Coupled with the Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Cholesteryl Esters by Hae-Rim Lee, Sunil Kochhar, Soon-Mi Shim

“…The approach of two different ionization techniques including electrospray ionization (ESI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was tested for the analysis of cholesteryl esters (CEs). …”
Get full text

Diffuse Ionized Gas in the Anticenter of the Milky Way by Shiming Wen, Wei Zhang, Lin Ma, Yunning Zhao, Man I. Lam, Chaojian Wu, Juanjuan Ren, Jianjun Chen, Yuzhong Wu, Guozhen Hu, Yonghui Hou, Yongheng Zhao, Hong Wu

Subjects: Get full text

Validation of a Portable Ionized Calcium Detection Device and Changes in the Ionized-to-Total-Calcium Ratio in the Blood of Postpartum Holstein Cows by Zhongming Cao, Yan Zhao, Bo Zhang, John P. Kastelic, Mengjie Hu, Jia Cheng, Mingchao Liu, Jian Gao

Subjects: Get full text

Influence of coulomb effects on electron dynamics in orthogonally polarized two-color laser fields by Hristina S. Delibašić-Marković, Violeta M. Petrović, Ivan D. Petrović

Subjects: “…Tunneling ionization…”
Get full text

Transparent glass composite for ionizing radiation detection and imaging by Xiaoyun Xu, Xinyi Liu, Xinyue Chen, Huihong Lin

“…Accurate detection of ionizing radiation is a crucial area of research in science and technology. …”
Get full text

Electrostatic Particle Ionization for Reduction in Livestock and Potash Dust by Myra Martel, Matthew Taylor, Shelley Kirychuk, Kwangseok Choi, Huiqing Guo, Lifeng Zhang

Subjects: “…electrostatic particle ionization…”
Get full text

Resonance Two-Photon Ionization of Diarylethene in the Presence of Cyclodextrin by Michihiro Hara, Makoto Miwa, Tatsuya Takeshita, Shouhei Watanabe

“…These results suggest that useful two-photon ionization occurred for these complexes. The ionization quantum yield of DE was found to increase in aqueous solution after the addition of m-β-CD (50 mM), in which m-β-CD likely controlled the photochromic reactivity of DE.…”
Get full text

In situ dynamic four-dimensional strong-field ionization tomography by Noam Shlomo, Eugene Frumker

“…We present an in situ dynamic four-dimensional (4D=3D space + 1D time) laser induced strong field ionization tomography technique, particularly suited for probing far-from-equilibrium systems, such as supersonic and hypersonic pulsed gas jets. …”
Get full text

DFT Study on Adiabatic and Vertical Ionization Potentials of Graphene Sheets by Igor K. Petrushenko

“…Adiabatic and vertical ionization potentials (IPs) of finite-size graphene sheets as a function of size were determined by using density functional theory. …”
Get full text

Ionization Efficiency in a Hot Flat Disc-Shaped Cavity by M. Turek

Subjects: “…ionizer…”
Get full text

Cosmic Reionization on Computers: The Evolution of the Ionizing Background and Mean Free Path by Jiawen Fan, Huanqing Chen, Camille Avestruz, Affan Khadir

“…Observations of the end stages of reionization indicate that at z  ≈ 5–6, the ionizing background is not uniform and the mean free path (MFP) changes drastically. …”
Get full text

Glycerol Carbonate: A Novel Biosolvent with Strong Ionizing and Dissociating Powers by Guangnan Ou, Biyan He, Xuejing Li, Jianhui Lei

“…The behavior of proteins is strongly dependent on the protonation state of their ionizable groups, which ionization constants are greatly affected by the solvent. …”
Get full text

Magnetorotational Instability in Collisional Weakly Ionized Plasma with Distinct Species Velocities by Chenghao Zhang, Haijun Ren

“…In a differential rotating system, we use the incompressible multifluid model to investigate the dynamics of a weakly ionized plasma placed in a vertical background magnetic field with radial shearing. …”
Get full text

Double Differential Cross-Sections for Electron Impact Ionization of Atoms and Molecules by Mevlut Dogan, Melike Ulu, Zehra Nur Ozer, Murat Yavuz, Gulin Bozkurt

“…As features of electron impact ionization, these two types of electrons are indistinguishable. …”
Get full text

Effect of Ionizers on Indoor Air Quality and Performance of Air Cleaning Systems by Francisco J. Romay, Qisheng Ou, David Y. H. Pui

Subjects: “…Corona ionizer…”
Get full text

Separation and Analysis of Boron Isotope in High Plant by Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry by Qingcai Xu, Yuliang Dong, Huayu Zhu, Aide Sun

“…A method was developed for the extraction of boron in plant sample, whose isotope was determined by thermal ionization mass spectrometry. The results indicated that this method of dry ashing coupled with two-step ion-exchange chromatography is powerful for the separation of boron in plant sample with large amounts of organic matters completely. …”
Get full text