Advanced TSGL-EEGNet for Motor Imagery EEG-Based Brain-Computer Interfaces by Xin Deng, Boxian Zhang, Nian Yu, Ke Liu, Kaiwei Sun

“…Though the accuracy of Motor Imagery (MI) BCI systems based on the deep learning have been greatly improved compared with some traditional algorithms, it is still a big problem to clearly interpret the deep learning models. To address the issues, this work first introduces a popular deep learning model EEGNet and compares it with the traditional algorithm Filter-Bank Common Spatial Pattern (FBCSP). …”
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Establishment and validation of a nomogram for coronary artery lesions in children with Kawasaki disease by Chong Hu, Chong Hu, Xiao Yan, Henglian Song, Qin Dong, Qin Dong, Changying Yi, Changying Yi, Jianzhi Li, Jianzhi Li, Xin Lv, Xin Lv

“…BackgroundThe nomogram is a powerful and robust tool in disease risk prediction that summarizes complex variables into a visual model that is interpretable with a quantified risk probability. In the current study, a nomogram was developed to predict the occurrence of coronary artery lesions (CALs) among patients with Kawasaki disease (KD). …”
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Artificial intelligence: a useful tool in active tuberculosis screening among vulnerable groups in Romania - advantages and limitations by Beatrice Mahler, Beatrice Mahler, Beatrice Mahler, Alexandru Stoichiță, Alexandru Stoichiță, Alexandru Stoichiță, Dragoș Băiceanu, Dragoș Băiceanu, Traian-Constantin Panciu, Traian-Constantin Panciu, Dragoș Dendrino, Dragoș Dendrino, Mihaela Mihai, Mihaela Mihai, Raluca Bobocea, Elmira Ibraim, Elmira Ibraim, Mara Bălteanu, Mara Bălteanu, Oana Popescu, Oana Popescu, Mădălina Oana Burecu, Mădălina Oana Burecu, Ioana Mădălina Moșteanu, Ioana Mădălina Moșteanu, Vanessa Veronese, Radu Matache, Radu Matache, Ioana Munteanu, Ioana Munteanu, Ioana Munteanu, Cristina Popa, Cristina Popa, Justina Antonela Dragomir, Justina Antonela Dragomir, Justina Antonela Dragomir

“…From total of 92,368 tested participants, 404 patients were included in the study, with 202 individuals diagnosed with TB and 202 individuals serving as controls. The initial interpretation of radiological images was performed by AI X-Vision software and patients with suspicious findings were confirmed to have TB using GeneXpert testing. …”
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Cardiovascular risk and mortality in men receiving testosterone replacement therapy for Klinefelter syndrome in Denmark: a retrospective cohort studyResearch in context by Simon Chang, Lars Pedersen, Anne Skakkebæk, Agnethe Berglund, Claus H. Gravholt

“…Incidence of MACE was comparable between KS-TRT and KS-non-TRT. Interpretation: TRT could alleviate excess mortality in KS and appears safe regarding cardiovascular risk. …”
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Effectiveness of flipped classrooms in Chinese students of clinical medicine major undergoing clinical practice: a meta-analysis by Xinrui Sun, Xin Yuan, Linyu Zhang, Yi Zhang, Xue Xiao, Hanmin Liu, Fang Ma

“…Despite these promising results, the interpretation is limited by methodological shortcomings and potential publication bias in the included studies. …”
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Cost-savings and health impact of strategies for prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus with nirsevimab in Chile based on the integrated analysis of 2019–2023 national databases... by Denis Sauré, Miguel O’Ryan, Juan Pablo Torres, Natalia Trigo, Gonzalo Diaz, Marcel Goic, Charles Thraves, Jorge Pacheco, Patricio Aguilera, Andrea Caro, Leonardo J. Basso

“…This strategy would have significantly decreased the strain on the healthcare system during the seasonal surge, reducing 13,533 ICU (77·81/1000 live newborns) and 27,465 hospital bed requirements (157·91/1000 live newborns), alongside 46,886 emergency room visits (269·58/1000 live newborns). Interpretation: In Chile, a country with a GDP per capita of USD$17,000, various immunization strategies are cost-saving for scenarios comparable to pre-pandemic 2019 and to the particularly severe 2023 when considering only those direct costs associated with patient care, albeit differing in their impact in health outcomes. …”
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Real-world outcomes of the CROSS regimen in patients with resectable esophageal or gastro-esophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a nationwide cohort study in the NetherlandsResearch i... by Hanneke van Laarhoven, Rob Verhoeven, Mark van Berge Henegouwen, Nadia Haj Mohammad, Richard van Hillegersberg, Marije Slingerland, Christina T. Muijs, Bas Wijnhoven, Bianca Mostert, Laurens Beerepoot, Grard Nieuwenhuijzen, Sarah Derks, Peter S.N. van Rossum

“…In the complete study population, the median overall survival (OS) was 33.7 months (95% CI 32.0–35.6), with a 3-year OS rate of 48.1%. Interpretation: Although survival rates in real-world settings are often lower compared to clinical trials, in our real-world cohort the 3-year OS was only 2.6% lower compared to that reported for the group that underwent nCRT in ESOPEC. …”
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Gender differences of health literacy in persons with a migration background: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Elke Kalbe, Nicole Skoetz, Christiane Woopen, Digo Chakraverty, Annika Baumeister, Angela Aldin, Ümran Sema Seven, Ina Monsef

“…As heterogeneity between studies was high and the difference became statistically insignificant when excluding studies with a high risk of bias, this result must be interpreted with caution. There is a paucity of research on the social and relational aspects of gender in relation to health literacy among people with a migration background, especially for men.PROSPERO registration number CRD42018085555.…”
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Ten years preceding a diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease in Europe and Australia: medication use, health conditions, and biomarkers associated with Alzheimer's disease, Parkins... by Dang Wei, Anna Freydenzon, Octave Guinebretiere, Karim Zaidi, Fen Yang, Weimin Ye, Niklas Hammar, Karin Modig, Naomi R. Wray, Maria Feychting, Nadine Hamieh, Bruno Ventelou, Beranger Lekens, Laurene Gantzer, Stanley Durrleman, Allan McRae, Baptiste Couvy-Duchesne, Fang Fang, Thomas Nedelec, Stanley Durrleman, Bruno Ventelou, Thomas Nedelec, Octave Guinebretiere, Karim Zaidi, Fang Fang, Dang Wei, Fen Yang, Allan McRae, Naomi Wray, Baptiste Couvy-Duchesne, Anna Freydenzon, Lydie Tran, Evans Cheruiyot

“…A higher level of triglycerides was associated with a lower risk of AD, whereas a higher level of Apolipoprotein B was associated with a lower risk of PD, 5–10 years later. Interpretation: Psychoanaleptics and nasal preparations may serve as common predictors for diagnosis of AD, PD, and ALS 5–10 years later. …”
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Impaction bone grafting for acetabular bone defects replacement in revision hip arthroplasty: biomechanical aspects by Vadim N. Golnik, Natalia V. Fedorova, Alexey Y. Larichkin, Svetlana V. Boyko, Andrey A. Panchenko, Alexandr M. Kosinov, Vladimir A. Peleganchuk, Vitaliy V. Pavlov

“…Taking into account the presence of blood in the wound, we provided for a model with an aqueous solution of 45% glycerin. Clinical interpretation of biomechanics was carried out basing on the dynamic radiography data of two patients who underwent revision hip arthroplasty with the use of impaction bone grafting (IBG). …”
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ECG-LM: Understanding Electrocardiogram with a Large Language Model by Kai Yang, Massimo Hong, Jiahuan Zhang, Yizhen Luo, Suyuan Zhao, Ou Zhang, Xiaomao Yu, Jiawen Zhou, Liuqing Yang, Ping Zhang, Mu Qiao, Zaiqing Nie

“…Background: The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a valuable, noninvasive tool for monitoring heart-related conditions, providing critical insights. However, the interpretation of ECG data alongside patient information demands substantial medical expertise and resources. …”
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Are school-based violence prevention interventions inclusive and effective for children with disabilities? A systematic review of global evidenceResearch in context by Emily Eldred, Karen Devries, Anja Zinke-Allmang, Rizwana Mallick, Waliyah Mughis, Lena Morgon Banks, Amiya Bhatia

“…Of these, 13 articles reporting on 10 trials (8.13%) explicitly mentioned disability: 3/10 trials reported on the magnitude of intervention effects among children with disabilities; 4/10 trials mentioned adaptations to research or intervention design to include children with disabilities; 6/10 trials mentioned disability as part of the sample characteristics but did not report further sub-group analysis. 3 trials were effective in reducing violence in schools for children with disabilities, with risk of bias ranging from ‘low’ (n = 1) to ‘some concerns’ (n = 2). Interpretation: Despite growing evidence on how to prevent school violence, there is limited research on the effect of such interventions for children with disabilities. …”
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Nanostructured lipid carriers based mRNA vaccine leads to a T cell–inflamed tumour microenvironment favourable for improving PD-1/PD-L1 blocking therapy and long-term immunity in a... by Carole Fournier, Marion Mercey-Ressejac, Valentin Derangère, Amal Al Kadi, David Rageot, Christine Charrat, Alexis Leroy, Julien Vollaire, Véronique Josserand, Marie Escudé, Séverine Escaich, François Ghiringhelli, Thomas Decaens, Fabrice P. Navarro, Evelyne Jouvin-Marche, Patrice N. Marche

“…The combination of vaccine and anti-PD-1 therapy improves the rates of complete responses and memory immune responses compared to monotherapies. Interpretation: Lipidots® are effective platform for the development of vaccines against cancer based on mRNA delivery. …”
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Is exposure to a climate-related disaster associated with recent experiences of intimate partner violence among women? A post hoc analysis of survey data from rural Samoa by Andrew Copas, Hattie Lowe, Laura J Brown, Jenevieve Mannell, Pepe Tevaga, Papali’i Ene Isaako, Fa’afetai Alisi-Fesili, Louisa Apelu, Kaisarina Moananu, Taiaopo Faumuina, Lewis Sinclair, Helen Tanielu

“…Women who reported experiencing 2–3 disasters had more than twice the odds of experiencing recent IPV (adjusted OR, aOR 2.37, 95% CI 1.77 to 3.19), while those who reported experiencing 4+ disasters had over 8 times the odds (aOR 8.12; 95% CI 2.02 to 32.61).Interpretation This is one of the first studies in the Pacific region to provide quantitative evidence of associations between exposure to climate-related events and women’s experiences of IPV. …”
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Blinding assessment in randomised sham-controlled trials of acupuncture:protocol for a systematic survey by Ling Li, Xin Sun, Jiali Liu, Minghong Yao, Yong Fu, Jiahui Yang, Xiaochao Luo

“…The findings of this study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and condensed summaries for clinicians, health policymakers and guideline developers regarding the design, conduct, analysis and interpretation of blinded assessment of sham acupuncture RCTs.Study registration Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/B3U7K).…”
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Changes in cancer incidence and stage during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020–2021 in the Nordic countries by Anna Johansson, Anna Skog, Tom Børge Johannesen, Tor Åge Myklebust, Simon M. Kønig, Charlotte Wessel Skovlund, Lina Steinrud Mørch, Søren Friis, Marnar Fríðheim Kristiansen, David Pettersson, Eva María Gudmundsdóttir, Nanna Margrét Kristinsdóttir, Helgi Birgisson, Sandra Irenaeus, Johan Ahlgren, Mats Lambe, Elli Hirvonen, Janne Pitkäniemi, Giske Ursin

“…During 2020, colon cancer rates declined in Denmark and Iceland, while rectal cancer rates declined in Denmark, and lung and kidney cancer rates declined in Norway. Interpretation: During 2020–2021, cancer incidence rates declined across the Nordic countries with the largest declines in Sweden. …”
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Evidence for alpha-synuclein aggregation in older individuals with hyposmia: a cross-sectional studyResearch in context by Kenneth Marek, David S. Russell, Luis Concha-Marambio, Seung Ho Choi, Danna Jennings, Michael C. Brumm, Christopher S. Coffey, Ethan Brown, John Seibyl, Matthew Stern, Claudio Soto, Andrew Siderowf

“…Among α-syn SAA positive hyposmics 65% remained without a DAT deficit for up to four years follow-up. α-syn SAA positive hyposmics were at higher risk of having DAT deficit (12 of 34) compared to α-syn SAA negative hyposmics (4 of 37; relative risk, 3.26; 95% CI, 1.16–9.16), and 7 of 12 α-syn SAA positive hyposmics with DAT deficit developed symptoms consistent with synucleinopathy. Interpretation: Approximately fifty percent of PARS participants with hyposmia, easily detected using simple, widely available tests, have synuclein pathology detected by α-syn SAA. …”
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Skin graft take rate among minor burns – A cohort study to investigate the effect of factors such as burn depth, burn size, and timing of the operation by Sinan Dogan, Arina Mahmoud, Ingrid Steinvall, Elin Albertsson, Elina Bergman, Jamila Halimi, Moustafa Elmasry

“…The advantageous effect of scalds may be interpreted to mean that scalds in general are more superficial than flame and contact burns, a difference that may not be detected by the use of a Lund and Browder chart. …”
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Association of body composition with neuroimaging biomarkers and cognitive function; a population-based study of 70-year-oldsResearch in context by Jessica Samuelsson, Anna Marseglia, Ola Wallengren, Olof Lindberg, Caroline Dartora, Nira Cedres, Sara Shams, Silke Kern, Anna Zettergren, Eric Westman, Ingmar Skoog

“…Faster gait speed and higher handgrip strength were associated with indicators of better brain health. Interpretation: Improving muscle mass fitness and lower visceral fat may be beneficial for brain health. …”
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AI-assisted detection for chest X-rays (AID-CXR): a multi-reader multi-case study protocol by Fergus Gleeson, Alex Novak, Indrajeet Das, Ruchir Shah, Edwin van Beek, Sarim Ather, Howell Fu, Nabeeha Salik, Alan Campbell, Farhaan Khan, Abdala Trinidad Espinosa Morgado, Marusa Kotnik, Louise Wing, John Murchison, Jong Seok Ahn, Sang Hyup Lee, Ambika Seth

“…There is a paucity of evidence on the impact of AI algorithms in assisting healthcare professionals (other than radiologists) who regularly review CXR images in their daily practice.Aims To assess the utility of an AI-based CXR interpretation tool in assisting the diagnostic accuracy, speed and confidence of a varied group of healthcare professionals.Methods and analysis The study will be conducted using 500 retrospectively collected inpatient and emergency department CXRs from two UK hospital trusts. …”
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