The Role of the Immune System in Huntington’s Disease by Gisa Ellrichmann, Christiane Reick, Carsten Saft, Ralf A. Linker

“…Activation of microglia with expression of proinflammatory cytokines, impaired migration of macrophages, and deposition of complement factors in the striatum indicate an activation of the innate immune system. As part of the adaptive immune system, dendritic cells (DCs) prime T-cell responses secreting inflammatory mediators. …”
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Single-Cell Transcriptome Analysis Profile of Meniscal Tissue Macrophages in Human Osteoarthritis by Jingbin Zhou, Zhihong Zhao, Chen He, Feng Gao, Yu Guo, Feng Qu, Yujie Liu

“…Unlike rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases, inflammation in OA is chronic and, in relatively low grade, mainly mediated by the innate immune system, especially macrophages. However, due to its low abundance, there is a lack of systematic studies on macrophages in the OA condition. …”
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Neonatal Sepsis due to Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci by Elizabeth A. Marchant, Guilaine K. Boyce, Manish Sadarangani, Pascal M. Lavoie

“…Multiple factors, including prematurity, invasive life-saving medical interventions, and immaturity of the innate immune system, put these infants at greater risk of developing infection. …”
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Activating the Antitumor Immune Response in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Using Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors by Maansi Joshi, Stephen M. Ansell

“…Immune checkpoint blocking agents augment cytotoxic activity of the adaptive and innate immune systems and enhance tumor cell killing. Anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 antibodies have been tested as both single agents and combination therapy. …”
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Targeting gut microbiota to regulate the adaptive immune response in atherosclerosis by Despina Giakomidi, Despina Giakomidi, Ayoola Ishola, Meritxell Nus, Meritxell Nus

“…Whilst existing research extensively explores the impact of the microbiome on the innate immune system, only a handful of studies have explored the regulatory capacity of the microbiome on the adaptive immune system to modulate atherogenesis. …”
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Importance of Lipopolysaccharide and Cyclic β-1,2-Glucans in Brucella-Mammalian Infections by Andreas F. Haag, Kamila K. Myka, Markus F. F. Arnold, Paola Caro-Hernández, Gail P. Ferguson

“…Brucella lipopolysaccharide (LPS), unlike Escherichia coli LPS, does not trigger the host's innate immune system. Brucella produces cyclic β-1,2-glucans, which are important for targeting them to their replicative niche in the endoplasmic reticulum within the host cell. …”
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Macrophages, Inflammation, and Tumor Suppressors: ARF, a New Player in the Game by Paqui G. Través, Alfonso Luque, Sonsoles Hortelano

“…The interaction between tumor progression and innate immune system has been well established in the last years. …”
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Gut microbiota: a novel target for exercise-mediated regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation by Jun Chen, Shaohui Jia, Xinxuan Xue, Chenggeng Guo, Kunwei Dong

“…The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) is a key pattern recognition receptor in the innate immune system. Its overactivation leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and IL-18, which contribute to the development and progression of various diseases. …”
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Expression of toll-like receptors (tlrs) in the equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) during the early pregnancy and estrous cycle by Ercan Kurar, Mehmet Osman Atli, Aydin Guzeloglu, Seyit Ali Kayis, Ahmet Semacan

“…Tolllike Receptors (TLRs) are known to be an important part of innate immune system. Aim was to evaluate expression of TLRs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) during the early pregnancy in mare.…”
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Roles of NET Peptides With Known Antimicrobial Activity and Toxicity in Immune Response by Sinan Cebeci, Tuba Polat, Nihan Ünübol

“…Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are crucial components of the innate immune system in all living organisms, playing a vital role in the body’s defense against diseases and infections. …”
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Differential Gene Expression Profile of Human Neutrophils Cultured with Plasmodium falciparum-Parasitized Erythrocytes by Mohamad Alaa Terkawi, Ryo Takano, Kentaro Kato

“…Neutrophils (PMNs) are the most abundant cellular component of our innate immune system, where they play central roles in the pathogenesis of and resistance to a broad range of diseases. …”
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Case report: Looking for relationship between type 1 diabetes and chronic recurrent osteomyelitis: short literature review and case presentation by Ausra Snipaitiene, Laura Radzeviciute, Kristina Aleknaviciene, Rimante Dobrovolskiene, Ingrida Stankute

“…BackgroundChildhood autoimmune disorders involve the immune system attacking its own tissues, leading to varied symptoms, while autoinflammatory disorders result from innate immune system dysregulation, both requiring extensive diagnosis and multidisciplinary management due to their complexity.Case presentationWe present a unique clinical case of a teenager with a combination of autoimmune and autoinflammatory disorders. …”
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Chagas Disease: Still Many Unsolved Issues by José M. Álvarez, Raissa Fonseca, Henrique Borges da Silva, Cláudio R. F. Marinho, Karina R. Bortoluci, Luiz R. Sardinha, Sabrina Epiphanio, Maria Regina D'Império Lima

“…Over the past 20 years, the immune effector mechanisms involved in the control of Trypanosoma cruzi, as well as the receptors participating in parasite recognition by cells of the innate immune system, have been largely described. However, the main questions on the physiopathology of Chagas disease remain unanswered: “Why does the host immune system fail to provide sterile immunity?” …”
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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances alter innate immune function: evidence and data gaps by Drake W. Phelps, Ashley M. Connors, Giuliano Ferrero, Jamie C. DeWitt, Jeffrey A. Yoder

“…For PFASs where innate immune data are available, results are equivocal, raising additional questions about common mechanisms or pathways of toxicity, but highlighting that the innate immune system within several species can be perturbed by exposure to PFASs. …”
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Signaling Pathway of Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain-Containing Protein 1 and Potential Therapeutic Targets for Regulating the Gut Microbiota of Individuals with Gallston... by Sanjana Murali, Nandini Krishnamurthy, R. B. Devi Krishna, Shanthi Vijayaraghavan, S. Rajesh Kumar, Andrea Mary Francis

“…The essential receptor through which the innate immune system detects bacterial components and controls inflammation, namely, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1 (NOD1), is a major participant in the interaction. …”
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Peptidoglycan recognition protein PGRP-5 is involved in immune defence and neuro-behavioral disorders in zebrafish embryos. by Xi Li, Guanghua Xiong, Manni Luo, Siwan Mao, Ruiying Zhang, Ziwei Meng, Juan Li, Xinjun Liao

“…Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are the evolutionarily highly conserved class of pattern recognition receptors, however, their functions on the innate immune system and neuro-inflammatory response in aquatic organism are still poorly understood. …”
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Initial Immunopathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis: Innate Immune Response by Norma Y. Hernández-Pedro, Guillermo Espinosa-Ramirez, Verónica Pérez de la Cruz, Benjamín Pineda, Julio Sotelo

“…In the present review, we focus on the role of the innate immune system, the first line of defense of the organism, as promoter and mediator of cross reactions that generate molecular mimicry triggering the inflammatory response through an adaptive cytotoxic response in MS.…”
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Diabetes Is Associated with Increased Autoreactivity of Mannan-Binding Lectin by Esben Axelgaard, Jakob Appel Østergaard, Steffen Thiel, Troels Krarup Hansen

“…MBL is a pattern-recognition molecule of the innate immune system that initiates the lectin pathway of the complement system upon recognition of evolutionary conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns or to altered self-tissue. …”
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Tracing the paths of modular evolution by quantifying rearrangement events of protein domains by Abdulbaki Coban, Erich Bornberg-Bauer, Carsten Kemena

“…We exemplify our method by analyzing the evolutionary histories of protein rearrangements in (i) the extracellular matrix, (ii) innate immunity across Eukaryota, Metazoa, and Vertebrata, and (iii) Toll-Like-Receptors in the innate immune system of Eukaryota. In all three cases we can find hot-spots of rearrangement events in their phylogeny which (i) can be related with major events of adaptation and (ii) which follow the emergence of new domains which become integrated into existing arrangements. …”
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Pharmacological inhibition of key metabolic pathways attenuates Leishmania spp infection in macrophages. by Elaine Carvalho de Oliveira, Rafael Tibúrcio, Gabriela Duarte, Amanda Lago, Léon de Melo, Sara Nunes, Gustavo Gastão Davanzo, Ana Júlia Martins, Bruno Vinagre Ribeiro, Deborah Mothé, Juliana B P Menezes, Patrícia Veras, Natalia Tavares, Pedro M Moraes-Vieira, Cláudia Ida Brodskyn

“…Macrophages represent a fundamental component of the innate immune system that play a critical role in detecting and responding to pathogens as well as danger signals. …”
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