Efficacy of Venetoclax and Dexamethasone in Refractory IgM Primary Plasma Cell Leukemia with t(11;14) and TP53 Mutation: A Case Report and Literature Review by Salimah Valliani, Mir Ali, Omar Mahmoo, Sanjay Hinduja, Calvin K. Chen, Lloyd Damon, Haifaa Abdulhaq

“…He progressed on proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulating agents, and other chemotherapy medications but later achieved very good partial response (VGPR) to venetoclax and dexamethasone. …”
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Role of serotonin in physiology and diseases of gastro-intestinal tract by E. F. Barinov, O. N. Sulayeva

“…Authors discuss receptor-specific effects of serotonin on blood-tissue barriers of GIT, synaptic transmission, regulation of local and systemic afferentation, motility of the stomach and intestine, and mechanisms of defense. Immunomodulating role of serotonin realized by modulation of cytokine secretion of dendritic cells and lymphocytes is demonstrated.…”
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Phototherapy in vitiligo by Anuradha Bishnoi, Iltefat Hamzavi

“…Additionally, combination therapies involving phototherapy and topical and systemic agents (such as psoralens, corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, azathioprine, and other systemic immunomodulators, basic fibroblast growth factor/decapeptide and Janus kinase inhibitors) and surgical management have demonstrated enhanced repigmentation outcomes. …”
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Melatonin and its therapeutic prospects in gastroenterology by A. A. Svistunov, Mikhail A. Osadchuk, A. M. Osadchuk

“…Basic physiological functions of melatonin are discussed (biological rhythms, motor and evacuatory, cytoprotective, antioxidant, immunomodulating, anti-stress, antineoplastic etc.). The melatonin role in pathogenesis and prognosis of digestive diseases is covered. …”
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Evidence for a Potential Role of Metallothioneins in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases by Anouk Waeytens, Martine De Vos, Debby Laukens

“…In addition, MTs could be involved in IBD through their antiapoptotic effects or through specific immunomodulating extracellular effects. Reports on MT expression in IBD are contradictory but clearly demonstrate a deviant MT expression supporting the idea that these aberrations in IBD require further clarification.…”
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Leontiasis ossea in the setting of chronic kidney disease and limited dialysis access: A case report with discussion of therapeutic implications by Sebastian Maletz, BS, Zackery Beauchamp, MD, John Petrilli, MD, FAAFP

“…Despite brief symptomatic improvement following parathyroidectomy, the patient's hyperparathyroidism ultimately persisted. Subsequent immunomodulator therapy again offered subjective improvements but was discontinued in the setting of adverse effects. …”
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Levels of Cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α) and Trace Elements (Zn, Cu) in Breast Milk From Mothers of Preterm and Term Infants by Bilal Ustundag, Erdal Yilmaz, Yasar Dogan, Saadet Akarsu, Halit Canatan, Ihsan Halifeoglu, Gurkan Cikim, A. Denizmen Aygun

“…It has been well documented that human milk contains several immunomodulator components which are important during infant period when the newborn's immune system is still under development. …”
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Pathogenesis of Chronic Urticaria: An Overview by Sanjiv Jain

“…Insights into the complexities of pathogenesis may provide an impetus to develop safer, efficacious, and targeted immunomodulators and biological treatment for severe, refractory chronic urticaria.…”
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<i>Hovenia dulcis Thunb</i>. Honey Exerts Antiviral Effect Against Influenza A Virus Infection Through Mitochondrial Stress-Mediated Enhancement of Innate Immunity by Eun-Bin Kwon, Buyun Kim, Young-Eun Kim, Sung-Joon Na, Sang Mi Han, Soon Ok Woo, Hong Min Choi, Siwon Moon, Young Soo Kim, Jang-Gi Choi

“…To combat influenza A virus (IAV) infection, it is vital to develop effective therapeutic strategies, including immunomodulators. In this study, we examined the antiviral effects of Hovenia dulcis Thunb. honey (HDH) against IAV using RAW 264.7 cells. …”
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Role of Vitamin D in the Prevention of Pancreatic Cancer by Pubudu Bulathsinghala, Kostas N. Syrigos, Muhammad W. Saif

“…Vitamin D seems to have a protective effect against pancreatic cancer by participating in numerous proapoptotic, antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory, prodifferentiating, and immunomodulating mechanisms. 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] serum concentrations are currently the best indicator of vitamin D status. …”
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Biological Properties, Bioactive Constituents, and Pharmacokinetics of Some Capsicum spp. and Capsaicinoids by Gaber, El-Saber Batiha, Ali, Alqahtani, Oluwafemi, Adeleke Ojo, Hazem M., Shaheen, Lamiaa, Wasef, Mahmoud, Elzeiny, Mahmoud, Ismail, Mahmoud, Shalaby, Toshihiro, Murata, Adrian, Zaragoza-Bastida, Nallely, Rivero-Perez, Amany, Magdy Beshbishy, Keneth, Iceland Kasozi, Philippe, Jeandet, and Helal F., Hetta

“…Moreover, it possesses antimicrobial, antiseptic, anticancer, counterirritant, appetite stimulator, antioxidant, and immunomodulator activities. Capsaicin and Capsicum creams are accessible in numerous ways and have been utilized in HIV-linked neuropathy and intractable pain.…”
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Delay of innate immune responses following influenza B virus infection affects the development of a robust antibody response in ferrets by Thomas Rowe, Ashley Fletcher, Melissa Lange, Yasuko Hatta, Gabriela Jasso, David E. Wentworth, Ted M. Ross

“…These findings may help in understanding low antibody responses in humans following influenza B vaccination and infection and may warrant the use of innate immunomodulators to overcome these weak responses.…”
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Epidemiological Study on the Status of Nutrition-Support Therapies by Emergency Physicians in China by Chi Niu, Wei Guo, Wei Gu

“…Treatment standardization has been significantly improved, including blood glucose monitoring, precaution and management of complications, and the use of immunomodulators. Conclusions. Emergency physicians should pay attention to early identifying and providing nutrition support to those patients who need it. …”
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A Brief Review on Medicinal Plants-At-Arms against COVID-19 by Shivani Srivastava, Fangzhou He, Yuanding Huang, Meng Niu, Alok Adholeya, Weng Kung Peng

“…Accordingly, this review highlights the unprecedented opportunities offered by medicinal plants and their compounds, candidates as the therapeutic agent, against COVID-19 by acting as viral protein inhibitors and immunomodulator in (32 clinical trials and hundreds of in silico experiments) conjecture with modern science. …”
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Aggressive Central Nervous System Relapse after Autologous Stem Cell Transplant in Multiple Myeloma: Case Reports and Literature Review by Rui Bergantim, Juliana Bastos, Maria José Soares, Bruno Carvalho, Pedro Soares, Cristina Marques, Jennifer Costa, José Eduardo Guimarães, Fernanda Trigo

“…There is no standard therapy for this extramedullary relapse, and a tailored and multiple therapy should be promptly started—intrathecal therapy, radiotherapy, and systemic therapy, including an immunomodulator.…”
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Research and development of Cordyceps in Taiwan by Ching-Peng Chiu, Tsong-Long Hwang, You Chan, Mohamed El-Shazly, Tung-Ying Wu, I-Wen Lo, Yu-Ming Hsu, Kuei-Hung Lai, Ming-Feng Hou, Shyng-Shiou Yuan, Fang-Rong Chang, Yang-Chang Wu

“…Cordyceps is treasured entomopathogenic fungi that have been used as antitumor, immunomodulating, antioxidant, and pro-sexual agent. Cordyceps, also called DongChongXiaCao in Chinese, Yartsa Gunbu (Tibetan), means winter worm-summer grass. …”
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Immunosenescence of Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils by Inga Wessels, Judith Jansen, Lothar Rink, Peter Uciechowski

“…During the past decade, it has become evident that in addition to their traditional role as phagocytes, neutrophils are able to secrete a wide array of immunomodulating molecules. Their importance is underlined by the finding that genetic defects that lead to neutropenia increase susceptibility to infections. …”
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Two Cases of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type I-Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis Caused by Living-Donor Renal Transplantation by Yasutaka Tajima, Mariko Matsumura, Hiroaki Yaguchi, Yasunori Mito

“…Both cases showed neurological improvements after the immunomodulating therapies. We tried to shed some light on the understanding of immunological mechanisms of transplantation-associated HAM, focusing on therapeutic strategies based on the immunopathogenesis of the condition.…”
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Diethyldithiocarbamate-copper complex ignites the tumor microenvironment through NKG2D-NKG2DL axis by Daciana C. Dumut, Daciana C. Dumut, Marian Hajduch, Marian Hajduch, Amanda M. Zacharias, Qingling Duan, Qingling Duan, Ivo Frydrych, Zuzana Rozankova, Zuzana Rozankova, Miroslav Popper, Miroslav Popper, Dusan Garic, Radu Alexandru Paun, Radu Alexandru Paun, Amanda Centorame, Amanda Centorame, Juhi Shah, Martin Mistrik, Martin Mistrik, Petr Dzubak, Petr Dzubak, Juan B. De Sanctis, Juan B. De Sanctis, Danuta Radzioch, Danuta Radzioch, Danuta Radzioch, Danuta Radzioch

“…This study unveils a novel mechanism of action for CuET: a potent immunomodulator capable of turning cold tumors hot.…”
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Vitamin D in Early Childhood and the Effect on Immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Anna Jane Battersby, Beate Kampmann, Sarah Burl

“…A potential role for vitamin D as a therapeutic immunomodulator in tuberculosis (TB) has been recognised for over 150 years, but has only recently returned to the centre of the research arena due to the increasing awareness of the global vitamin D deficiency epidemic. …”
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