A Review on JC Virus Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients by Serena Delbue, Mariano Ferraresso, Luciana Ghio, Camilla Carloni, Silvia Carluccio, Mirco Belingheri, Alberto Edefonti, Pasquale Ferrante

“…The polyomavirus (PyV), JC virus (JCV), is a small nonenveloped DNA virus that asymptomatically infects about 80% of healthy adults and establishes latency in the kidney tissue. In case of immunodeficient hosts, JCV can lytically infect the oligodendrocytes, causing a fatal demyelinating disease, known as progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). …”
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Human Liver-Derived Stem Cells Improve Fibrosis and Inflammation Associated with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis by Stefania Bruno, Maria Beatriz Herrera Sanchez, Chiara Pasquino, Marta Tapparo, Massimo Cedrino, Ciro Tetta, Giovanni Camussi

“…Injection of HLSCs into immunodeficient mice fed with a methionine-choline-deficient diet to induce nonalcoholic steatohepatitis ameliorates liver function and morphology. …”
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Diagnostic and Prognostic Role of Procalcitonin in Infections by Maria Hatzistilianou

“…The traditional clinical signs of infection and routine laboratory tests used to diagnose bacterial infection and sepsis lack diagnostic accuracy and can be misleading, particularly in patients with immunodeficiencies. The problems with sepsis definitions and diagnoses are indications of the need to focus on biochemical mediators capable not only of distinguishing the inflammatory response to infection from other types of inflammation, but also of indicating the severity and prognosis of the disease. …”
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Influence of Maternal Immunization with Allergens on the Thymic Maturation of Lymphocytes with Regulatory Potential in Children: A Broad Field for Further Exploration by Jefferson Russo Victor

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Modeling of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: An Overview of In Vivo Murine and Human Xenograft Models by Pallavi Sontakke, Jenny Jaques, Edo Vellenga, Jan Jacob Schuringa

“…With the advancement of immunodeficient xenograft models, it has become possible to use human stem/progenitor cells for in vivo studies as well as cells directly derived from CML patients. …”
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Primary Isolated Lymphoma of the Fourth Ventricle in an Immunocompetent Patient by Rakan Bokhari, Ahmad Ghanem, Mahmoud Alahwal, Saleh Baeesa

“…The diagnosis is usually encountered in immunodeficient patients but is also encountered, albeit uncommonly, in the immunocompetent. …”
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Renal Cancer Stem Cells: Characterization and Targeted Therapies by Anna Julie Peired, Alessandro Sisti, Paola Romagnani

“…Additionally, they can generate new tumors once transplanted into immunodeficient mice. Several approaches have been described to identify them, through the expression of cell markers, functional assays, or a combination of both. …”
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Measuring Response to Therapy by Near-Infrared Imaging of Tumors Using a Phosphatidylserine-Targeting Antibody Fragment by Jian Gong, Richard Archer, Michael Brown, Seth Fisher, Connie Chang, Matthew Peacock, Christopher Hughes, Bruce Freimark

“…Tumor uptake of PGN650 was measured by near-infrared optical imaging in human tumor xenografts in immunodeficient mice. PGN650 specifically targeted tumors and was shown to target CD31-positive ECs and tumor cells. …”
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Chemokines in Renal Diseases by Stephan Segerer, Peter J. Nelson

“…Therefore, it is not surprising that chemokines play important roles in a wide range of human diseases, including genetic immunodeficiencies, infections, autoimmune diseases, and malignant tumors. …”
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Our journey with François Gros by Butler-Browne, Gillian, Mouly, Vincent

“…The in vivo regenerative potential of human muscle cells was evaluated by injection into muscles of immunodeficient mice. Their group in collaboration with the clinical team of Professor Jean Lacau St-Guily and Professor Sophie Perié completed a successful autologous myoblast transplantation clinical trial for Oculo-pharyngeal muscular dystrophy. …”
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A Novel Approach for the Enumeration of Peripheral Blood Stem Cells Suitable for Transplantation by Winston Costa Pereira, Omar Alsuhaibani, Ghaleb Elyamany, Abdulaziz Al Abdulaaly

“…These well-characterized stem cells are clinically relevant in the treatment of diseases such as breast cancer, leukemias, and congenital immunodeficiencies. Peripheral blood stem transplantation is a standard procedure after its first successful transplantation more than 35 years ago. …”
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Immunocompatibility of Bacteriophages as Nanomedicines by Tranum Kaur, Nafiseh Nafissi, Olla Wasfi, Katlyn Sheldon, Shawn Wettig, Roderick Slavcev

“…Two potential medical applications of phages are the treatment of bacterial infections and their use as immunizing agents in diagnosis and monitoring patients with immunodeficiencies. Recently, phages have been employed as gene-delivery vectors (phage nanomedicine), for nearly half a century as tools in genetic research, for about two decades as tools for the discovery of specific target-binding proteins and peptides, and for almost a decade as tools for vaccine development. …”
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Hepatocytic Differentiation Potential of Human Fetal Liver Mesenchymal Stem Cells: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation by Hoda El-Kehdy, Guillaume Pourcher, Wenwei Zhang, Zahia Hamidouche, Sylvie Goulinet-Mainot, Etienne Sokal, Pierre Charbord, Mustapha Najimi, Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt

“…Following transplantation, naive and differentiated FL-MSC were engrafted into the hepatic parenchyma of newborn immunodeficient mice and differentiated in situ. Hence, FL-MSCs appeared to be interesting candidates to investigate the liver development at the mesenchymal compartment level. …”
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<i>Mycobacterium abscessus—</i>An Emerging True Pathogen: A Case Report by Shruti Appaswamy, Bhavesh D Rathod

“…The child was evaluated for primary and secondary immunodeficiencies and was started on appropriate treatment based on culture and sensitivity, that is, linezolid and amikacin, which led to the resolution of the infection. …”
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IL-10 Induction from Implants Delivering Pancreatic Islets and Hyaluronan by Paul L. Bollyky, Robert B. Vernon, Ben A. Falk, Anton Preisinger, Michel D. Gooden, Gerald T. Nepom, John A. Gebe

“…Pancreatic islets that expressed ovalbumin (OVA) antigen were implanted within this device for 14 days into immunodeficient mice that received OVA-specific DO.11.10 T cells and a subsequent immunization with OVA peptide. …”
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In vivo MRI visualization of growth and morphology in the orthotopic xenotrasplantation U87 glioblastoma mouse SCID model by E. L. Zavjalov, I. A. Razumov, L. A. Gerlinskaya, A. V. Romashchenko

“…In this study we used MRI for investigation of tumor morphology and growth dynamic in an orthopic xenotransplantation immunodeficient mouse model (SCID mouse line). Comparison of T1- and T2-weighed MRI scans preformed with a high-field MRI scanner (Bruker, BioSpec, 11,7 T) revealed insufficient tumor/normal tissue T1-contrast because of high longitudinal magnetization of the magnetic field in our scanner. …”
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Phase I Study of Anti-CD3 x Anti-Her2 Bispecific Antibody in Metastatic Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer Patients by Ulka Vaishampayan, Archana Thakur, Ritesh Rathore, Nicola Kouttab, Lawrence G. Lum

“…Our preclinical studies show that activated T cells (ATC) armed with anti-CD3 x anti-Her2 bispecific antibody (Her2Bi) kill prostate cancer cells lines, induce a Th1 cytokine pattern upon engagement of tumor cells, prevent the development of prostate tumors, and retard tumor growth in immunodeficient mice. These studies provided strong rationale for our phase I dose-escalation pilot study to test ATC armed with Her2Bi (aATC) for safety in men with CRPC. …”
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High-Yield Generation of Glucose-Responsive Pseudoislets From Murine Insulinoma Cells for Studies and Longitudinal Monitoring of Graft Survival by Grisell C. Gonzalez, Chris M. Li, Ilaria Pasolini, Sophia I. Pete, Connor Verheyen, Sofia M. Vignolo, Teresa De Toni, Aaron A. Stock, Alice A. Tomei

“…After subcutaneous implantation, we show capability to monitor graft survival in immunodeficient mice, recurrence of autoimmunity in non-obese diabetic mice, and allorejection in C57BL/6 mice. …”
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Exosomes Derived from Stem Cells from the Apical Papilla Promote Dentine-Pulp Complex Regeneration by Inducing Specific Dentinogenesis by Xueying Zhuang, Lingli Ji, Huan Jiang, Yao Liu, Xuemei Liu, Jing Bi, Weidong Zhao, Zhenjiang Ding, Xu Chen

“…In this study, SCAP-derived exosomes (SCAP-Exo) were introduced into the root fragment containing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and transplanted subcutaneously into immunodeficient mice. We observed that dental pulp-like tissues were present and the newly formed dentine was deposited onto the existing dentine in the root canal. …”
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Comparison of Immunomodulation Properties of Porcine Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells Derived from the Bone Marrow, Adipose Tissue, and Dermal Skin Tissue by Sun-A Ock, Raghavendra Baregundi Subbarao, Yeon-Mi Lee, Jeong-Hyeon Lee, Ryoung-Hoon Jeon, Sung-Lim Lee, Ji Kwon Park, Sun-Chul Hwang, Gyu-Jin Rho

“…MSCs were not tumorigenic when introduced into immunodeficient mice. We concluded that the characteristics of MSCs are tissue source-dependent and their in vivo application requires more in-depth investigation regarding their precise immunomodulation capacities.…”
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