Primary Esophageal Lymphoma: A Histopathological Experience from Two Tertiary Hospitals, Western Saudi Arabia by Jaudah Al-Maghrabi, Sahar Al-Maghrabi

“…None of the patients were immunocompromised or had human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The clinical manifestation included dysphagia and loss of weight. …”
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The critical role of primary care clinicians in the early detection of ocular surface squamous neoplasia by Leendert Dekker, Jan F. Olivier, Klaus von Pressentin

“…Its rising incidence, primarily driven by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic, presents significant challenges in clinical diagnosis, as these lesions often share characteristics with other conjunctival lesions. …”
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Hyper-IgE Syndrome with STAT3 Mutation: A Case Report in Mainland China by Lixin Xie, Xiaoxiang Hu, Yang Li, Weihua Zhang, Liang'an Chen

“…Hyper-immunoglobulin E syndromes (HIES) including compound primary immunodeficiency and nonimmunological abnormalities are characterized by extremely high serum IgE levels, eosinophilia, eczema, susceptibility to infections, distinctive facial appearance, retention of deciduous teeth, cyst-forming pneumonias, and skeletal abnormalities. …”
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Fatal Outcome of Disseminated Strongyloidiasis despite Detectable Plasma and Cerebrospinal Levels of Orally Administered Ivermectin by Charles E. Rose, Christopher A. Paciullo, David R. Kelly, Mark J. Dougherty, Lawrence L. Fleckenstein

“…Those people most susceptible to infection are those with an immunocompromising condition, such as cancer or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Local disease may spread throughout the body of the host, causing a condition termed disseminated strongyloidiasis. …”
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Ignoring Gender-Based Immunometabolic Reprograming, a Risky Business in Immune-Based Precision Medicine by Vijay Kumar

“…Immunology advances have increased our understanding of autoimmune, auto-inflammatory, immunodeficiency, infectious, and other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs). …”
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High-Grade Leiomyosarcoma Arising in a Previously Replanted Limb by Tiffany J. Pan, Liron Pantanowitz, Kurt R. Weiss

“…Sarcoma development has been associated with genetics, irradiation, viral infections, and immunodeficiency. Reports of sarcomas arising in the setting of prior trauma, as in burn scars or fracture sites, are rare. …”
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Analysis of HIV therapy in the liver using optimal control and pharmacokinetics by Hasifa Nampala, Matylda Jabłońska-Sabuka, Martin Singull

“…Abstract The main burden in treating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection currently, is the side effects of the antiretroviral therapy (ART) used, because each treatment is toxic to the liver. …”
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Pneumocystis carinii: A Review of an Important Opportunistic Pathogen in AIDS by M John Gill, Ron Read

“…Individuals with damaged T helper cells secondary to malignancies (eg, Hodgkin’s lymphoma), drugs (eg, cyclosporine, steroids), or certain infections (eg, human immunodeficiency virus) are at particular risk. Serological studies suggest that disease is most often secondary to the reactivation of an asymptomatic infection, usually acquired during childhood. …”
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HIV-Related Immune Activation and Inflammation: Current Understanding and Strategies by Tingxia Lv, Wei Cao, Taisheng Li

“…Although antiretroviral therapy effectively controls human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication, a residual chronic immune activation/inflammation persists throughout the disease. …”
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Key characteristics in designing HIV interventions at a glance by Mona Larki, Elham Manouchehri

“…Worldwide commitments to reduce AIDS-related mortality and new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections to under 500,000 by the end of 2020 failed last year, as 680,000 people have died from AIDS-related diseases and 1.5 million have become infected with HIV. …”
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Treatment of Recurrent Primary Cutaneous Mucinous Carcinoma of the Eyelid with Modified Wide Local Excision by Stephanie M. Tillit, Siva S. R. Iyer, Eric J. Grieser, John T. LiVecchi

“…This report presents the first case in the literature of primary cutaneous mucinous carcinoma in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). With this case report, we aim to raise awareness of primary cutaneous mucinous carcinoma as a potential part of the differential diagnosis for malignant eyelid lesions, including those present in patients with HIV.…”
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Pneumocystis Pneumonia Presenting as an Enlarging Solitary Pulmonary Nodule by Krunal Bharat Patel, James Benjamin Gleason, Maria Julia Diacovo, Nydia Martinez-Galvez

“…Although Pneumocystis pneumonia most commonly occurs in patients with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and with diffuse infiltrates, the diagnosis should not be overlooked when only a solitary nodule is present.…”
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Risk Factors for Tuberculosis by Padmanesan Narasimhan, James Wood, Chandini Raina MacIntyre, Dilip Mathai

“…Along with well-established risk factors (such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), malnutrition, and young age), emerging variables such as diabetes, indoor air pollution, alcohol, use of immunosuppressive drugs, and tobacco smoke play a significant role at both the individual and population level. …”
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Complete Heart Block and Persistent Lactic Acidosis as an Initial Presentation of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in a Critically Ill Newly Diagnosed AIDS Patient by Mohsin Ijaz, Hassan Tariq, Masooma Niazi, Dmitry Lvovsky

“…A 66-year-old male with newly diagnosed untreated acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) presented with chronic nonspecific complaints of weakness, fatigue, myalgia, and weight loss. …”
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Role of Nasal Endoscopy in Chronic Osteomyelitis of Maxilla and Zygoma: A Case Report by J. S. Arunkumar, Ashok S. Naik, K. C. Prasad, S. G. Santhosh

“…Factors like viral fevers, malnutrition, malaria, anemia,tobacco chewing, immunodeficiency, osteopetrosis, Paget’s disease of bone, and florid cemento-osseous dysplasia (FCOD) result in decreased vascularity of the affected bone, predisposing to the development of osteomyelitis. …”
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Extended Peritoneal Dialysis and Renal Recovery in HIV-Infected Patients with Prolonged AKI: A Report of 2 Cases by Donlawat Saengpanit, Pongpratch Puapatanakul, Piyaporn Towannang, Talerngsak Kanjanabuch

“…Moreover, the setting of human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV-) infected patients with AKI requiring RRT makes the decision on RRT initiation and modality selection more complicated. …”
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RNA Viruses: ROS-Mediated Cell Death by Mohammad Latif Reshi, Yi-Che Su, Jiann-Ruey Hong

“…This review focuses on RNA viruses and retroviruses, giving particular attention to the human influenza virus, Hepatitis c virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and the aquatic Betanodavirus. …”
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Intracranial Complication of Rhinosinusitis from Actinomycosis of the Paranasal Sinuses: A Rare Case of Abducens Nerve Palsy by G. L. Fadda, M. Gisolo, E. Crosetti, A. Fulcheri, G. Succo

“…Sinonasal actinomycosis should be suspected when a patient with chronic sinusitis does not respond to medical therapy or has a history of facial trauma, dental disease, cancer, immunodeficiency, long-term steroid therapy, diabetes, or malnutrition. …”
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Cytomegalovirus Associated Duodenal Ulcer and Duodenitis in a Malnourished Pediatric Patient by Rachel Bernard, Ghanim Aljomah, Emily Klepper, Elizabeth McDonough

“…This case advocates for pediatricians to include immunodeficiency and infectious etiologies in their differential for malnourished patients in order to lead to earlier diagnosis and management of this treatable condition.…”
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Topical Microbicides for the Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and HIV by André Désormeaux, Rabeea F Omar, Michel G Bergeron

“…The development of novel compounds to reduce the sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), herpes and other pathogens causing sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) has become a topic of great interest. …”
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