Lactobacillus reuteri LR1 Improved Expression of Genes of Tight Junction Proteins via the MLCK Pathway in IPEC-1 Cells during Infection with Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 by Hongbo Yi, Li Wang, Yunxia Xiong, Zhilin Wang, Yueqin Qiu, Xiaolu Wen, Zongyong Jiang, Xuefen Yang, Xianyong Ma

“…Lactobacillus reuteri strains have probiotic functions in their modulation of the microbiota and immune system in intestines. In this study, the effects of L. reuteri LR1, a new strain isolated from the feces of weaning piglets, on intestinal epithelial barrier damage in IPEC-1 cells caused by challenge with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88 were examined. …”
Get full text

Blood biomarker dynamics in people with relapsing multiple sclerosis treated with cladribine tablets: results of the 2-year MAGNIFY-MS study by Heinz Wiendl, Frederik Barkhof, Frederik Barkhof, Xavier Montalban, Anat Achiron, Anat Achiron, Tobias Derfuss, Andrew Chan, Suzanne Hodgkinson, Alexandre Prat, Letizia Leocani, Letizia Leocani, Letizia Leocani, Klaus Schmierer, Klaus Schmierer, Finn Sellebjerg, Finn Sellebjerg, Patrick Vermersch, Hulin Jin, Anita Chudecka, Andreas Kloetgen, Dongdong Lin, Lidia Gardner, Nicola De Stefano

“…The safety profile was consistent with previous reports.DiscussionDeep longitudinal immunophenotyping, analysis of transcriptional changes, reduction in cells expressing pro-inflammatory cytokines, along with the marker of neuroaxonal damage provide novel and innovative evidence of CladT rebalancing the immune system towards a more homeostatic and less pathogenic state.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/study/, identifier NCT03364036.…”
Get full text

Basic Molecular Biology, Metabolic and Immunological Mechanisms of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation by O. V. Goloshchapov, A. V. Beynarovich, A. B. Chukhlovin, R. V. Klementeva, A. A. Shcherbakov, E. A. Bakin, I. K. Golubovskaya, N. D. Ventslovayte, O. S. Yudintseva, M. V. Gorchakova, V. E. Karev, M. A. Kucher, M. A. Suvorova, E. V. Svetkina, G. G. Rodionov, V. V. Gostev, S. V. Sidorenko, I. S. Moiseev, A. D. Kulagin

“…FMT may be a component of complex therapy aimed at early reconstitution of immune system and organic acid metabolism in patients after allo-HSCT. …”
Get full text

Cancer cells avoid ferroptosis induced by immune cells via fatty acid binding proteins by Maria Angelica Freitas-Cortez, Fatemeh Masrorpour, Hong Jiang, Iqbal Mahmud, Yue Lu, Ailing Huang, Lisa K. Duong, Qi Wang, Tiffany A. Voss, Claudia S. Kettlun Leyton, Bo Wei, Wai-Kin Chan, Kevin Lin, Jie Zhang, Efrosini Tsouko, Shonik Ganjoo, Hampartsoum B. Barsoumian, Thomas S. Riad, Yun Hu, Carola Leuschner, Nahum Puebla-Osorio, Jing Wang, Jian Hu, Michael A. Davies, Vinay K. Puduvalli, Cyrielle Billon, Thomas P. Burris, Philip L. Lorenzi, Boyi Gan, James W. Welsh

“…Abstract Background Cancer creates an immunosuppressive environment that hampers immune responses, allowing tumors to grow and resist therapy. One way the immune system fights back is by inducing ferroptosis, a type of cell death, in tumor cells through CD8 + T cells. …”
Get full text

Sex differences in the peripheral levels of cytokines during 12-month antipsychotic treatment in a drug-naïve schizophrenia spectrum cohort by I. Ratke, A. Torsvik, C.A. Bartz-Johannessen, F. Fathian, I. Joa, S.M. Klæbo Reitan, E.M. Løberg, M. Rettenbacher, S. Skrede, V.M. Steen, E. Johnsen, R.A. Kroken

“…However, research addressing sex differences regarding the antipsychotic effect on the immune system is lacking. The aim of our study was to compare changes in cytokine levels in men and women with schizophrenia spectrum disorder over 12 months of treatment with antipsychotics. …”
Get full text

Atg5 deficiency in basophils improves metabolism in lupus mice by regulating gut microbiota dysbiosis by Jiaxuan Chen, Quanren Pan, Lu Lu, Xiaorong Huang, Shuting Wang, Xiaoxian Liu, Jiaqi Lun, Xiaowei Xu, Hongyong Su, Fengbiao Guo, Lawei Yang, Liuyong You, Haiyan Xiao, Wenying Luo, Hua-feng Liu, Qingjun Pan

“…Elucidating the crosstalk among the immune system, commensal microbiota, and metabolites is crucial to understanding the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. …”
Get full text

Spatial heterogeneity determines the gastrointestinal microbiome signatures and ecological processes that govern bacterial community assembly in sheep by Yukun Zhang, Jiangbo Cheng, Changchun Lin, Fadi Li, Xiaoxue Zhang, Chong Li, Deyin Zhang, Xiaobin Yang, Dan Xu, Yuan Zhao, Liming Zhao, Xiaolong Li, Huibin Tian, Xiuxiu Weng, Weimin Wang

“…Our results reveal the spatial pattern of bacterial communities in the sheep GIT and the intrinsic mechanisms of bacterial community assembly, laying the foundation for microbial interventions to improve sheep productivity and sustainable farming.IMPORTANCESheep's gastrointestinal tract harbors a diverse microbial community crucial for immune system balance, nutrient digestion, and overall health. …”
Get full text

LRH‐1/NR5A2 targets mitochondrial dynamics to reprogram type 1 diabetes macrophages and dendritic cells into an immune tolerance phenotype by Nadia Cobo‐Vuilleumier, Silvia Rodríguez‐Fernandez, Livia López‐Noriega, Petra I. Lorenzo, Jaime M. Franco, Christian C. Lachaud, Eugenia Martin Vazquez, Raquel Araujo Legido, Akaitz Dorronsoro, Raul López‐Férnandez‐Sobrino, Beatriz Fernández‐Santos, Carmen Espejo Serrano, Daniel Salas‐Lloret, Nila vanOverbeek, Mireia Ramos‐Rodriguez, Carmen Mateo‐Rodríguez, Lucia Hidalgo, Sandra Marin‐Canas, Rita Nano, Ana I. Arroba, Antonio Campos Caro, Alfred CO Vertegaal, Alejandro Martín‐Montalvo, Franz Martín, Manuel Aguilar‐Diosdado, Lorenzo Piemonti, Lorenzo Pasquali, Roman González Prieto, Maria Isabel García Sánchez, Decio L. Eizirik, Maria Asuncion Martínez‐Brocca, Marta Vives‐Pi, Benoit R. Gauthier

“…Abstract Background The complex aetiology of type 1 diabetes (T1D), characterised by a detrimental cross‐talk between the immune system and insulin‐producing beta cells, has hindered the development of effective disease‐modifying therapies. …”
Get full text

CAR-CIK vs. CAR-T: benchmarking novel cytokine-induced killer cells as solid tumor immunotherapy in ErbB2+ rhabdomyosarcoma by Laura M. Moser, Laura M. Moser, Laura M. Moser, Laura M. Moser, Laura M. Moser, Catrin Heim, Sebastian E. Koschade, Sebastian E. Koschade, Sebastian E. Koschade, Sebastian E. Koschade, Sebastian E. Koschade, Philipp Wendel, Philipp Wendel, Philipp Wendel, Philipp Wendel, Süleyman Bozkurt, Sabine Harenkamp, Hermann Kreyenberg, Hermann Kreyenberg, Michael Merker, Michael Merker, Christian Münch, Christian Münch, Christian Münch, Elise Gradhand, Meike Vogler, Meike Vogler, Meike Vogler, Evelyn Ullrich, Evelyn Ullrich, Evelyn Ullrich, Evelyn Ullrich, Evelyn Ullrich, Halvard Bönig, Halvard Bönig, Jan-Henning Klusmann, Jan-Henning Klusmann, Jan-Henning Klusmann, Jan-Henning Klusmann, Peter Bader, Peter Bader, Peter Bader, Peter Bader, Peter Bader, Winfried S. Wels, Winfried S. Wels, Winfried S. Wels, Eva Rettinger, Eva Rettinger, Eva Rettinger, Eva Rettinger, Eva Rettinger

“…CIK cells are a heterogenous population of predominantly T cells with a mixed natural killer (NK) phenotype and combine non-MHC-restricted cytotoxicity with potent anti-tumor capacity of the adaptive immune system. Here, we characterize and compare efficacy, phenotypic subpopulations and modes of action of CAR-CIK cells and conventional CAR-T cells from same-donor samples in ErbB2+ rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS).MethodsTo benchmark CAR-CIK against conventional CAR-T cells, effector cells were generated from same-donor samples and lentivirally transduced with a second generation CD28-CD3ζ CAR. …”
Get full text

Grand Challenges at the Interface of Engineering and Medicine by Shankar Subramaniam, Metin Akay, Mark A. Anastasio, Vasudev Bailey, David Boas, Paolo Bonato, Ashutosh Chilkoti, Jennifer R. Cochran, Vicki Colvin, Tejal A. Desai, James S. Duncan, Frederick H. Epstein, Stephanie Fraley, Cecilia Giachelli, K. Jane Grande-Allen, Jordan Green, X. Edward Guo, Isaac B. Hilton, Jay D. Humphrey, Chris R Johnson, George Karniadakis, Michael R. King, Robert F. Kirsch, Sanjay Kumar, Cato T. Laurencin, Song Li, Richard L. Lieber, Nigel Lovell, Prashant Mali, Susan S. Margulies, David F. Meaney, Brenda Ogle, Bernhard Palsson, Nicholas A. Peppas, Eric J. Perreault, Rick Rabbitt, Lori A. Setton, Lonnie D. Shea, Sanjeev G. Shroff, Kirk Shung, Andreas S. Tolias, Marjolein C.H. van der Meulen, Shyni Varghese, Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic, John A. White, Raimond Winslow, Jianyi Zhang, Kun Zhang, Charles Zukoski, Michael I. Miller

“…The themes presented in this paper include: 1) accumedicine through creation of avatars of cells, tissues, organs and whole human; 2) development of smart and responsive devices for human function augmentation; 3) exocortical technologies to understand brain function and treat neuropathologies; 4) the development of approaches to harness the human immune system for health and wellness; and 5) new strategies to engineer genomes and cells.…”
Get full text

Ontogeny and function of the intestinal epithelial and innate immune cells during early development of chicks: to explore in ovo immunomodulatory nutrition by Habtamu Ayalew, Changchun Xu, Assefa Adane, Astrid Lissette Barreto Sanchez, Siman Li, Jing Wang, Shugeng Wu, Kai Qiu, Guanghai Qi, Haijun Zhang

“…During embryonic development, differentiation and migration of these innate immune systems are tightly regulated by diverse cellular and molecular factors. …”
Get full text

Study of the Prevalence of Cytomegalovirus in Children with Malignancy in Southwestern Iran from 2016-2023 by Arash Alghasi, Saeed Bitraf, Roya Salehi Kahyesh, Yasin Alidadi, Homayoun Yousefi, Manouchehr Makvandi

“…This infection is especially dangerous for people with weakened immune systems and patients who have had organ transplants. …”
Get full text

IL-12 and Related Cytokines: Function and Regulatory Implications in Candida albicans Infection by Robert B. Ashman, Dipti Vijayan, Christine A. Wells

“…IL-12 is a cytokine with links to both innate and adaptive immunity systems. In mice, its deletion leads to acute susceptibility to oral infection with the yeast Candida albicans, whereas such mice are resistant to systemic disease. …”
Get full text

Recommendations for vaccination against shingles by Zuzanna Wyleciał, Eliza Pyla, Wiktoria Zamachowska, Julia Ząber

“…Conclusion: Vaccination against shingles is a critical preventive measure for adults, particularly those aged 50 and older or individuals with weakened immune systems. Shingrix is the recommended vaccine due to its high efficacy and long-lasting protection. …”
Get full text

Complex Dynamic Systems Theory in Second Language Acquisition: Exploring Concepts and Unpacking Constructs by Shan An, Ashley Beccia

“…Indeed, complexity science, or the study of the structure and behavior of complex dynamic systems, has become increasingly popular as researchers aim to understand the complexity that surrounds us – e.g., rainforests, immune systems, the global economy, and language (Sanders, 2003). …”
Get full text

Chitooligosaccharides suppress airway inflammation, fibrosis, and mucus hypersecretion in a house dust mite-induced allergy model by Yun-Ho Kim, Chan-Ho Park, Ju Myung Kim, Yeo Cho Yoon

“…Disruption of the T helper 1 (Th1) and T helper 2 (Th2) immune systems by stimuli induced by house dust mites (HDM) and fine particulate matter leads to the secretion of various inflammatory cytokines, resulting in immune respiratory diseases characterized by airway inflammation. …”
Get full text

Clostridium difficile – an Important Opportunistic Pathogen in Healthcare-Associated Infections by Soohyoun Ahn, Amarat H. Simonne

“… Opportunistic pathogens are significant health threats to vulnerable people with weakened immune systems, such as people with HIV/AIDS or those on immune-suppressing therapies. …”
Get full text

Clostridium difficile – an Important Opportunistic Pathogen in Healthcare-Associated Infections by Soohyoun Ahn, Amarat H. Simonne

“… Opportunistic pathogens are significant health threats to vulnerable people with weakened immune systems, such as people with HIV/AIDS or those on immune-suppressing therapies. …”
Get full text

Inflammatory bowel diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic by Edyta Derda, Edyta Szymańska, Magda Sokolek, Jarosław Kierkuś

“…Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the safety of those with compromised immune systems and chronic disease has been of particular concern for health care providers. …”
Get full text

Revisiting microgenderome: detecting and cataloguing sexually unique and enriched species in human microbiomes by Zhanshan Sam Ma

“…Abstract Background Microgenderome or arguably more accurately microsexome refers to studies on sexual dimorphism of human microbiomes aimed at investigating bidirectional interactions between human microbiomes, sex hormones, and immune systems. It is important because of its implications to disease susceptibility and therapy, in which men and women demonstrate divergence in many diseases especially autoimmune diseases. …”
Get full text