Use of Anti-Interleukin-6 Receptor Monoclonal Antibody in Drug-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome by Alessandra Petrillo, Noa Biran, Sean Sadikot

“…Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a disorder that involves the activation of alveolar macrophages triggering the innate immune system. The parenchymal lung injury seen in ARDS is a result of many proinflammatory elevations including interleukin-6. …”
Get full text

Biological Functions and Clinical Significance of the ABCG1 Transporter by Stanislav Kotlyarov, Anna Kotlyarova

“…Cholesterol transport is the mechanism that links metabolism and the innate immune system. Due to its lipid transport function, ABCG1 may contribute to the prevention of atherosclerosis and is involved in the functioning of the lung, pancreas, and other organs and systems. …”
Get full text

Rituximab-Associated Inflammatory Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy by Chandra Punch, Christina Schofield, Penelope Harris

“…Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), on the other hand, is a condition of inflammation that develops as the immune system reconstitutes. This case report describes a case of a 35-year-old HIV-negative male who presented with three weeks of right lower extremity paresthesias as well as right upper extremity apraxia. …”
Get full text

Bartonella Infection in Immunocompromised Hosts: Immunology of Vascular Infection and Vasoproliferation by Mosepele Mosepele, Dana Mazo, Jennifer Cohn

“…This paper will discuss Bartonella's manifestations in immunosuppressed patients and will examine Bartonella's interaction with the immune system including its mechanisms of establishing infection and immune escape. …”
Get full text

Orthopoxvirus Genes That Mediate Disease Virulence and Host Tropism by Sergei N. Shchelkunov

“…When understanding the mechanisms used by viruses to overcome manifold defense systems of the animal organism, represented by molecular factors and cells of the immune system, we would not only comprehend better but also discover new patterns of organization and function of these most important reactions directed against infectious agents. …”
Get full text

Human Polyomavirus Reactivation: Disease Pathogenesis and Treatment Approaches by Cillian F. De Gascun, Michael J. Carr

“…In spite of this, there remains a dearth of specific therapeutic options for human polyomavirus infections and an incomplete understanding of the relationship between the virus and the host immune system. This review summarises the human polyomaviruses with particular emphasis on pathogenesis in those directly implicated in disease aetiology and the therapeutic options available for treatment in the immunocompromised host.…”
Get full text

Identification of potential substrates of LNX1 in chicken cells by Yuhong Liu, Qianmei Gao, Qi Zhang, Chen Li, Sha Liu, Meng Su, Danli Song, Guiping Zhao, Qinghe Li

“…The findings suggest that LNX1 could be implicated in the regulation of the chicken innate immune system by mediating protein ubiquitination.…”
Get full text

Identification of quality markers and mechanisms of Anzi Tiaochong Fang in the treatment of antiphospholipid syndrome-related recurrent pregnancy loss: chemical analysis, network p... by Shan He, Fei Ma, Jia Li, Da-yan Liu, Zhi-wei Wang, Peng-dian Chen, Jia-man Wu, Hong Chang, Yan Ning

“…Reactome analysis indicated significant enrichment in Immune System, Cytokine Signaling in the Immune system, Signaling by Interleukins, Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation, and Signaling by VEGF. …”
Get full text

Evaluation of IgG binding capability to SARS-CoV-2 variants in early COVID-19 convalescent sera using an indirect ELISA by Behzad Hussain, Peizhe Zhao, Yu Liu, Bo Yang, Xiaoxiong Li, Zhichao Zhang, Guoqiang Feng, Demei Zhang, Defen Lu, Wu Changxin

“…SARS-CoV-2 has been mutating rapidly resulting in the emergence of multiple variants to escape the host immune system mainly by mutations in its receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein. …”
Get full text

Dissecting the role of single nucleotide polymorphism of lymphotoxin beta gene during pig domestication using bioinformatic and experimental approaches by R. B. Aitnazarov, E. V. Ignatieva, N. E. Bazarova, V. G. Levitsky, S. P. Knyazev, Y. Gon, N. S. Yudin

“…The low responsiveness of the immune system could become hereditary through fixation of genes with “unfavorable” mutations in populations. …”
Get full text

Investigating the Pulmonary Host Response of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> Infection-Associated Pneumonia by Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing by Mu-Jung Chou, Chih-Hung Cheng, Hui-Ching Wang, Ming-Ju Tsai, Chau-Chyun Sheu, Wei-An Chang

“…<b>Results:</b> In pulmonary host response to pneumonia caused by <i>A. baumannii</i> with NDM, five immune system-related pathways and five pathways related to signal transduction were identified. …”
Get full text

Modeling Coupled Nonlinear Multilayered Dynamics: Cyber Attack and Disruption of an Electric Grid by Marc Mangel, Jimmie McEver

“…We model cyber defensive countermeasures in analogy to the adaptive immune system. We link the physical and cyber systems through a metric of performance of the physical system that depends upon the state of the cyber system using (i) a generic nonlinear relationship between the state of the cyber system and the performance of the physical system and (ii) the synchronous motor model of an electric grid consisting of a utility with many customers whose smart meters can become compromised, in which a steady state in the difference in rotor angles is the metric of performance. …”
Get full text

Trajectories of systemic immune inflammation index and mortality risk in patients with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury: a retrospective cohort study by Zhiyong Tang, Zhiyong Tang, Canlin Liao, Zerui Zhuang, Zhennan Xu, Mingfa Liu, Haixiong Xu

“…BackgroundSome studies have shown a strong link between the central nervous system and peripheral immune system, but the prognostic implications of dynamic peripheral immune-inflammatory responses in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) remain unclear. …”
Get full text

Dynamical properties and tumor clearance conditions for a nine-dimensional model of bladder cancer immunotherapy by K. E. Starkov, Svetlana Bunimovich-Mendrazitsky

“…Understanding the global interaction dynamics between tumor and the immunesystem plays a key role in the advancement of cancer therapy.Bunimovich-Mendrazitsky et al. (2015) developed a mathematical model for thestudy of the immune system response to combined therapy for bladder cancerwith Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) . …”
Get full text

Discussion of irritable bowel syndrome issue and functional constipations in reports of the 21st United European Gastroenterological Week (Berlin, 2013) by A. A. Sheptulin, M. A. Vizye-Khripunova

“…Of etiological and pathogenic factors of IBS the major attention is given now to hereditary factors, past intestinal infections, bile acids absorbtion disorders, changes of innate immune system. Differential diagnostics of IBS with other diseases (celiac sprue, chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, et al.), that may progress under a mask of the functional intestinal disorders is required. …”
Get full text

Oxi-Inflamm-Aging: a New Theory with Practical Implications by Ángel Julio Romero Cabrera, Leocadia Amores Hernández

“…Oxidative stress causes an impairment of the physiological systems essential for maintaining homeostasis, including the immune system. Immune <em>dysregulation</em> leads to a <em>chronic low-grade inflammatory state</em> in aging. …”
Get full text

Subversion of Immunity by Leishmania amazonensis Parasites: Possible Role of Phosphatidylserine as a Main Regulator by Joao Luiz Mendes Wanderley, Jaqueline França Costa, Valéria Matos Borges, Marcello Barcinski

“…Here we discuss the possible role of phosphatidylserine exposure by these parasites as a main regulator of the mechanism underlying subversion of the immune system at different steps during the infection.…”
Get full text

Infectious and Noninfectious Granulomatosis in Patient with Multiple Sclerosis: Diagnostic Dilemmas and Followup by Jelena Paovic, Predrag Paovic, Vojislav Sredovic

“…As consequence of lower immune system, infectious granulomatosis in form of pulmonary tuberculosis developed. …”
Get full text

Contaminants in the Urban Environment: Dioxins by Yun-Ya Yang, Gurpal S. Toor

“…Long-term exposure to dioxins can harm immune system, nervous system, endocrine system, and reproductive functions. …”
Get full text

Regulation of Dendritic Cell Function in Inflammation by André Said, Günther Weindl

“…Dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen presenting cells and link the innate and adaptive immune system. During steady state immune surveillance in skin, DC act as sentinels against commensals and invading pathogens. …”
Get full text