Deep learning-enhanced defects detection for printed circuit boards by Van-Truong Nguyen, Xuan-Thuc Kieu, Duc-Tuan Chu, Xiem HoangVan, Phan Xuan Tan, Tuyen Ngoc Le

“…Especially, cracks or scratches appearing on the PCB surface pose a significant hurdle, due to their minuscule size, making them the most challenging to address. …”
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Noninvasive Optical Imaging and In Vivo Cell Tracking of Indocyanine Green Labeled Human Stem Cells Transplanted at Superficial or In-Depth Tissue of SCID Mice by Vikram Sabapathy, Jyothsna Mentam, Paul Mazhuvanchary Jacob, Sanjay Kumar

“…Recent studies have shown how real-time in vivo molecular imaging has helped in identifying hurdles towards clinical translation and designing potential strategies that may contribute to successful transplantation of stem cells and improved outcomes. …”
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Hepatobiliary organoid research: the progress and applications by Rui-Qi Zou, Rui-Qi Zou, Yu-Shi Dai, Yu-Shi Dai, Fei Liu, Fei Liu, Si-Qi Yang, Si-Qi Yang, Hai-Jie Hu, Hai-Jie Hu, Fu-Yu Li, Fu-Yu Li

“…However, the technology is not yet mature, and many hurdles still exist that need to be overcome. The combination with new technologies such as CRISPR-HOT, organ-on-a-chip may inject new vitality into future development.…”
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A Critical and Progressive Review on Maternal and Child Health Policies in India by Prity Kumari, Anand Kumar Chaudhary

“…The current mother and child health situation in India is a complex topic with both hurdles and improvement. The Government of India has the foresight to reduce maternal mortality with the help of different programmes and healthcare facilities being introduced and cautiously implemented. …”
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SVTSR: image super-resolution using scattering vision transformer by Jiabao Liang, Yutao Jin, Xiaoyan Chen, Haotian Huang, Yue Deng

“…Nevertheless, these networks face challenges associated with attention complexity and the effective capture of intricate, fine-grained details within images. These hurdles impede the efficient and scalable deployment of transformer models for image super-resolution tasks in real-world applications. …”
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Family adoption programme implementation feedback from undergraduate medical students in Almora: A cross-sectional study by Preeti, Thakkar Hemaben Kanubhai, Vikram Singh Dhapola

“…Methods: An observational study was conducted on the students of phases I and II in the government medical college, Almora, on the hurdles and facilitators of FAP via Google Form. Out of 199 students, 193 filled out the form, which was eligible for evaluation. …”
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Treatment completion of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Ethiopia: A perspective from healthcare users. by Ahmed Reshid Tusho, Sheila Theresa Mokoboto-Zwane

“…The seven prominent themes revealed were: drug-related challenges encompassing adverse events and the lengthy treatment duration; clinical hurdles such as delayed consultation following prolonged illness, diagnostic delays, and suboptimal dosages; psycho-emotional difficulties including emotional trauma and facing stigma from both the community and healthcare professionals; socio-economic constraints; service-related issues such as interruptions in monitoring tests, inadequate follow-up, and accessibility barriers; patient-related factors such as a false sense of recovery and reverting to previously quit habits; and provider-related issues such as lack of responsiveness and ineffective communication. …”
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Disrupting the third space through playfulness, mattering, and unbounded perspectives by Ian Fellows, Gill Gilbert, Leoarna Mathias, Sarah Parkes

“…The paper highlights four third space practitioners’ creative and strategic approaches to navigating and reforming university structures whilst facing institutional resistance and systemic hurdles. Through principles of disruption, ethical practice, playfulness, and boundary-crossing, third space professionals are depicted as agents of cultural change, advocating for broader recognition and expansion of their roles in the academic ecosystem. …”
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Climbing a Wall: Strategic Litigation Against Automated Systems in Migration and Asylum by Francesca Palmiotto, Derya Ozkul

“…We illustrate this phase as akin to “climbing a wall,” characterized by numerous hurdles that CSOs face and the strategies they employ to overcome them.…”
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Thyroid disorders among patients with type II Diabetes Mellitus by Mariwan Abdulla Hama Salih

“…These diseases currently the major hurdle among patient and become the great challenge in front of government capability to fight the problem. …”
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Perceptions regarding the multidisciplinary treatment of patients with severe trauma in Korea: a survey of trauma specialists by Shin Ae Lee, Yeon Jin Joo, Ye Rim Chang

“…Financial constraints were identified by the respondents as a significant barrier to multidisciplinary collaboration. Despite these hurdles, the majority of respondents acknowledged the importance of multidisciplinary treatment, especially in relation to rehabilitation, psychiatry, and anesthesiology involvement. …”
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Tuberculosis vaccines and therapeutic drug: challenges and future directions by Yajing An, Ruizi Ni, Li Zhuang, Ling Yang, Zhaoyang Ye, Linsheng Li, Seppo Parkkila, Ashok Aspatwar, Wenping Gong

“…Furthermore, the review delves into current TB therapeutics, particularly for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), exploring promising agents like bedaquiline (BDQ) and delamanid (DLM), as well as the potential of host-directed therapies. The hurdles in TB vaccine and therapeutic development encompass overcoming antigen diversity, enhancing vaccine effectiveness across diverse populations, and advancing novel vaccine platforms. …”
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Heat transfer characterization of a new collector design featuring ribs, petals, and helical twisted tapes: Experimental study by Banw Omer Ahmed, Adnan Ibrahim, Hariam Luqman Azeez, Sharul Sham Dol, Ali H.A. Al-Waeli, Mahmoud Jaber

“…The limited thermal efficiency of collectors in photovoltaic thermal systems continues to pose a major hurdle. This study tackles the issue by developing an innovative collector featuring a rib and petal arrangement, combined with a helical twisted tape and channelling silicon carbide-enhanced nanofluids at volume concentrations of 0.3 %, 0.6 %, and 0.9 %. …”
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Biodegradable and Stimuli-Responsive Nanomaterials for Targeted Drug Delivery in Autoimmune Diseases by Nargish Parvin, Sang Woo Joo, Tapas K. Mandal

“…Additionally, we address current challenges, including biocompatibility, scalability, and regulatory hurdles, as well as future directions for integrating advanced nanotechnology with personalized medicine in autoimmune treatment. …”
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Exploring Cervical Adenocarcinoma: Epidemiological Insights, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges, and Pathogenetic Mechanisms by Shuhui Li, Congrong Liu, Liang Weng

“…Conclusion This review consolidates the epidemiological characteristics, diagnostic and therapeutic hurdles, and the latest advances in research on CA. …”
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Investigation and Assessment of the CFD for Horizontal Flow in the VHTR Core by Yan Shengyuan, Jean Luc Habiyaremye, Wei Yingying, Cong Chi Tran

“…Core bypass and cross flows are significant elements to consider since the cross gap set hurdles to the flow field that are capable of diverting sufficient amount of coolant from reactor core location and initiating a possible fuel overheating. …”
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Current perspectives and trends of the research on hypertensive nephropathy: a bibliometric analysis from 2000 to 2023 by Lan Wang, Jingyu Wang, Yuemiao Zhang, Hong Zhang

“…Despite the staggering development of research in hypertensive nephropathy, scientists and clinicians can only seek out useful information through articles and reviews, it remains a hurdle for them to quickly track the trend in this field. …”
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Harnessing nanotechnology for cancer treatment by Jiajun Zhu, Jiajun Zhu, HaeJu Lee, HaeJu Lee, Ruotong Huang, Ruotong Huang, Jianming Zhou, Jingjun Zhang, Xiaoyi Yang, Wenhan Zhou, Wangqing Jiang, Shuying Chen

“…This review discusses different applications of nanotechnology in cancer therapy, highlighting its potential and the hurdles to its clinical implementation. Future research needs to concentrate on addressing these obstacles to unlock the full potential of nanotechnology in providing personalized, effective, and minimally invasive cancer treatments.…”
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Robust adaptive optimization for sustainable water demand prediction in water distribution systems by Ke Wang, Jiayang Meng, Zhangquan Wang, Kehua Zhao, Banteng Liu

“…Despite the potential benefits, the inherent non-stationarity of water consumption data poses significant hurdles to the predictive accuracy of forecasting models. …”
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Cupric Doping Hollow Prussian Blue Nanoplatform for Enhanced Cholesterol Depletion: a Promising Strategy for Breast Cancer Therapy and Metastasis Inhibition by Shuangqian Yan, Panpan Xue, Ying Sun, Tingjie Bai, Sijie Shao, Xuemei Zeng

“…Despite its promise, cholesterol oxidase (ChOx) encounters challenge due to limited catalytic efficiency and susceptibility to harsh conditions. To overcome these hurdles, biocompatible nanoplatforms (Cu‐HPB/C) tailored for efficient cholesterol depletion are introduced. …”
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