Advances in RNA-Based Therapeutics: Challenges and Innovations in RNA Delivery Systems by Yuxuan Liu, Yaohui Ou, Linlin Hou

“…Notably, one of the most significant technical hurdles is achieving efficient and targeted RNA delivery while minimizing immune responses. …”
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Electrochemical Biosensors 3D Printed by Fused Deposition Modeling: Actualities, Trends, and Challenges by Luiz Ricardo Guterres Silva, Carlos Eduardo Costa Lopes, Auro Atsushi Tanaka, Luiza Maria Ferreira Dantas, Iranaldo Santos Silva, Jéssica Santos Stefano

“…Furthermore, the review addresses current trends, including the push towards miniaturization and multianalyte detection, alongside challenges such as material optimization and regulatory hurdles. By providing a comprehensive overview, this work underscores the transformative impact of 3D-printed electrochemical biosensors in clinical diagnostics while also identifying critical areas for future research and development.…”
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A spatial inventory of freshwater macroinvertebrate occurrences in the Guineo-Congolian biodiversity hotspot by Emmanuel O. Akindele, Abiodun M. Adedapo, Oluwaseun T. Akinpelu, Esther D. Kowobari, Oluwatosin C. Folorunso, Ibrahim R. Fagbohun, Tolulope A. Oladeji, Olanrewaju O. Aliu, Oluwatobiloba S. Adenola, Babasola W. Adu, Francis O. Arimoro, Sylvester S. Ogbogu, Sami Domisch

“…Aside from the underreporting and underestimation of freshwater ecosystems, the challenges regarding incorrect coordinates and taxonomical inaccuracies in freshwater species occurrence data pose another major hurdle that may hinder freshwater conservation efforts in the hotspot. …”
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Recent advances in 3D-printing-based organ-on-a-chip by Xinkun Wu, Wenwan Shi, Xiaojiang Liu, Zhongze Gu

“…Moreover, the paper outlines prospective vistas and hurdles within the field, intended to catalyze innovative use of 3D printing methodologies to propel OOC advancements.…”
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Wireless Modular Implantable Neural Device with One‐touch Magnetic Assembly for Versatile Neuromodulation by Inho Kang, John Bilbily, Choong Yeon Kim, Chuanqian Shi, Manish K. Madasu, Eun Young Jeong, Kyle E. Parker, Do A Kwon, Bum‐Joon Jung, Jae‐Soon Yang, Juhyun Lee, Noah D.L. Kabbaj, Wonhee Lee, Jun‐Bo Yoon, Ream Al‐Hasani, Jianliang Xiao, Jordan G. McCall, Jae‐Woong Jeong

“…However, introducing multiple functionalities into a compact form factor for freely behaving animals presents substantial design hurdles that complicate the device or require more than one device. …”
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Efficient unpaired data validation and aggregation protocol in industrial Internet of things by MA Rong, FENG Tao

“…Nevertheless, the limited resources inherent in industrial production field devices have posed significant hurdles to IIoT’s development, primarily due to the high computational costs of maintaining system security and vulnerabilities that render it susceptible to various attacks. …”
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Minimizing Adverse Environmental Impact: How Murky the Waters by Reed W. Super, David K. Gordon

“…However, in an attempt to avoid compliance costs, industry has seized on the statutory phrase “adverse environmental impact” to propose significant procedural and substantive hurdles and layers of uncertainty in the permitting of cooling-water intakes under the Clean Water Act. …”
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Do We Need CO2 Shadow Prices on Public Expenditures? by Andreas Löschel, David Schulze

“…The expected effect is limited by the low price range, the short planning horizon and the current limited application to federal expenditures. Potential hurdles include the legal complexity and the effort required to avoid double burdens should the scope of shadow pricing be extended to state and municipal levels. …”
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Modeling Hospitalization Decision and Utilization for the Elderly in China by Xin Xu, Dongxiao Chu

“…One aim of this study was to use zero-inflated and hurdle models to better solve the problem of excess zeros. …”
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs): A Novel Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes by Shuang Gao, Yuanyuan Zhang, Kaini Liang, Ran Bi, Yanan Du

“…Moreover, we highlight the importance of understanding the pharmacokinetics (PK) of transplanted cells and discuss the hurdles in MSC-based T2DM therapy toward future clinical applications.…”
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Surgical modalities in the treatment of vitiligo by R. Vignesh Narayan, Vishal Thakur

“…While medical therapies can halt disease progression, achieving repigmentation, especially in challenging areas, remains a hurdle. Surgical interventions, including therapeutic wounding, camouflage techniques, excision, and grafting methods, offer viable solutions. …”
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Organic Ferroelectrics for Regulation of Electronic and Ionic Transport Toward Neuromorphic Applications by Minsub Lee, Beomjin Jeong

“…Finally, insight into the research direction of OFEs is provided, and what hurdles shall be overcome for real‐world applications.…”
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Shifting Geological and Literary Lines in H. G. Wells’s The Island of Doctor Moreau and Joseph Conrad’s Lord Jim: A Geoliterary Approach by Julie GAY

“…Such geological interruptions often represent hurdles in the travellers’ trajectories, and subsequently give them access to a new, previously unknown world or reality. …”
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Literature Review on Children Outside Educational Opportunities: A Study of Children with Foreign Origin in Japan by Yuki Ohsaka

“…Children of foreign origin in Japan face various hurdles in accessing educational opportunities, potentially limiting their strengths and abilities throughout their life course. …”
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A 2-decade survival from a double hemolytic disease: A case of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria with hemoglobinopathy by Aria Namiq Chaqmachi, Brwa Ali Hussein

“…We will discuss therapeutic hurdles, possible treatment choices, and the clinical journey of the patient with a classical type of PNH with access only to steroids, blood transfusions, and supplements.…”
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Spontaneous Renal Artery Dissection in COVID-19 Pneumonia: Potential Danger of Cytokine Storm by Jitendra Parmar, Tapan Patel, Sandip Shah, Jay Kothari, Sameer Dani, Sagar Vyas

“…Herein, we present the first case report of bilateral renal artery dissection in a 41-year-old male patient who recently recovered from COVID-19 and was managed successfully in stages after many medical hurdles.…”
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Translational Science in Vascular Aging: From Bench to Bedside—Insights from a VascAgeNet Roundtable by Elisabetta Bianchini, Lynn Roth, Pierre Boutouyrie, Smriti Badhwar, Achim Schwarz, Vincenzo Gemignani, Rosa Maria Bruno, Bernhard Hametner, Chloe Park, Giacomo Pucci, Ioana Mozos, Dimitrios Terentes-Printzios, Rachel E. Climie, Andrea Guala, Jordi Alastruey, Christopher C. Mayer

“…Industry efforts focus on developing devices or solutions for vascular aging assessment and treatment strategies, yet face hurdles in large-scale adoption and reimbursement. …”
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A review on probiotics and dietary bioactives: Insights on metabolic well-being, gut microbiota, and inflammatory responses by Alice Njolke Mafe, Great Iruoghene Edo, Osamah S. Majeed, Tayser Sumer Gaaz, Patrick Othuke Akpoghelie, Endurance Fegor Isoje, Ufuoma Augustina Igbuku, Joseph Oghenewogaga Owheruo, Rapheal Ajiri Opiti, Yasal Garba, Arthur Efeoghene Athan Essaghah, Dina S. Ahmed, Huzaifa Umar

“…By examining the connections between probiotics, gut microbiota, and outcomes such as digestive health, immune function, and metabolic well-being, this review identifies conditions where probiotics show potential benefits. It also addresses hurdles, including variability in strain effectiveness and dosage, and outlines future research areas, particularly personalized probiotic approaches. …”
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Exploring Novel Non-Operative Treatments for Osteoarthritis: An Examination of Innovative Therapies by Piotr Robert Bakuła, Kamila Jałocha, Joanna Zygadło

“…Despite significant progress, challenges such as translational hurdles, cost barriers, and long-term efficacy require further investigation. …”
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GENDER EQUALITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA: THE ROLE OF CIVIL SOCIETY by KAZEEM ADEREMI ASIYANBI, AHMED YUSUF BABATUNDE, ADENIYI MICHAEL ADEWUSI

“…It examines the techniques used by CSOs, assesses their impact on policy reforms and public attitudes, and analyzes the hurdles to accomplishing their goals. This study emphasized the literature rather than the major concerned respondents that have been the focus of previous researchers.  …”
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