Embracing Generative Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Research and Beyond by Henry P. Foote, MD, Chuan Hong, PhD, Mohd Anwar, PhD, Maria Borentain, MD, Kevin Bugin, PhD, Nancy Dreyer, PhD, MPH, Josh Fessel, MD, PhD, Nitender Goyal, MD, Morgan Hanger, MPP, Adrian F. Hernandez, MD, Christoph P. Hornik, MD, PhD, MPH, Jennifer G. Jackman, PhD, MBA, Alistair C. Lindsay, MD, MPH, DPhil, Michael E. Matheny, MD, Kerem Ozer, MD, Jan Seidel, PhD, Norman Stockbridge, MD, PhD, Peter J. Embi, MD, Christopher J. Lindsell, PhD

“…Challenges include technical hurdles, ethical dilemmas, and regulatory uncertainties. …”
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Recent Advances in Peptide-Loaded PLGA Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery and Regenerative Medicine by Hossein Omidian, Renae L. Wilson, Ana M. Castejon

“…Despite remarkable progress, challenges such as production scalability, cost, and regulatory hurdles remain.…”
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Unlocking the Potential of Chest MRI: Strategies for Establishing a Successful Practice by Kyubin Kim, Kun-Il Kim, Ji Won Lee, Yeon Joo Jeong

“…Despite the technical hurdles posed by cardiac and respiratory motion, advancements in sequence and scan techniques have enabled high-quality chest MRI examinations to be conducted across diverse clinical settings. …”
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Cybersecurity Infrastructure Compliance Key Factors to Detect and Mitigate Malware Attacks in SMEs: A Systematic Literature Review by Adnan Bin Amanat Ali, Ramesh Kumar Ayyasamy, Rehan Akbar, Abdulkarim Kanaan Jebna, Kiran Adnan

“…As the backbone of a nation’s economy, SMEs face challenges due to limited knowledge, awareness, and resource constraints. These hurdles hinder their adoption of existing frameworks and policies. …”
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Assessing the Effectiveness of International Climate Agreements in Mitigating Global Warming by Anna Mravcová

“…The paper also discusses the challenges and obstacles in the process of implementing the agreements, such as compliance difficulties, political hurdles, and the involvement of various stakeholders. …”
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Innovative bioinks for 3D bioprinting: Exploring technological potential and regulatory challenges by Vidhi Mathur, Prachi Agarwal, Meghana Kasturi, Varadharajan Srinivasan, Raviraja N Seetharam, Kirthanashri S Vasanthan

“…By highlighting both the technological potential and regulatory hurdles, this review offers a comprehensive overview of the future landscape of bioinks in bioprinting, emphasizing the necessity for cross-disciplinary collaboration between scientists, clinicians, and regulatory bodies to achieve successful clinical applications.…”
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The Use of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields to Promote Bone Responses to Biomaterials In Vitro and In Vivo by Carlo Galli, Giuseppe Pedrazzi, Monica Mattioli-Belmonte, Stefano Guizzardi

“…A broad range of settings used for PEMFs stimulation still represents a hurdle to better define treatment protocols and extensive research is needed to overcome this issue. …”
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Application of Sequence-Dependent Electrophoresis Fingerprinting in Exploring Biodiversity and Population Dynamics of Human Intestinal Microbiota: What Can Be Revealed? by Geert Huys, Tom Vanhoutte, Peter Vandamme

“…The first part of this review covers the methodological concept of SDE fingerprinting and the technical hurdles for analyzing intestinal samples. Subsequently, the current state-of-the-art of DGGE and related techniques to analyze human intestinal microbiota from healthy individuals and from patients with intestinal disorders is surveyed. …”
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Economic sustainability and community support by ex-migrants in rural communities in Lombok Tengah, Nusa Tenggara Barat by Sandiatmo Suyanto, Priyadi Budi Puspo, Falah Fajrul, Purwanti Tari, Putri Carolina Retmawati

“…The findings highlight the critical role of community support and the need for government intervention in encouraging these entrepreneurial activities. Despite the hurdles of minimal capital and limited land, these entrepreneurs contribute significantly to local economic development, particularly through small-scale enterprises such as brick molding, gardening, and poultry farming. …”
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A Critical Review of the Hydrometallurgy and Pyrometallurgical Recovery Processes of Platinum Group Metals from End-of-Life Fuel Cells by Sinikiwe A. Mvokwe, Opeoluwa O. Oyedeji, Mojeed A. Agoro, Edson L. Meyer, Nicholas Rono

“…The health risks, benefits, and limitations of these processes are highlighted. Finally, the hurdles faced by, opportunities for, and future directions of these approaches are identified. …”
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PROTAC technology for prostate cancer treatment by Zhen Wang, Dingpeng Zhang, Hiroyuki Inuzuka, Wenyi Wei

“…Although androgen deprivation therapy remains the mainstay for early-stage PrCa treatment, efficacy is temporary because many cases advance to castration-resistant PrCa (CRPC), presenting a significant therapeutic hurdle. This review explores key biomarkers for PrCa and the latest therapeutic strategies for CRPC with a particular focus on the innovative proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology. …”
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Climate effects on the diversification strategy of export firms: Evidence from China. by Junmei Zhang, Lianying Yao

“…The results of the study show that as climate change intensifies, leading to more frequent extreme temperatures, firms will face significant hurdles in pursuing diversified development strategies, pointing to increasing challenges ahead.…”
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An exact approach to calibrating infectious disease models to surveillance data: The case of HIV and HSV-2 by David J. Gerberry

“…While frequently overlooked, the calibration process is nontrivial at best and can be inefficient, poorly communicated and a major hurdle to the overall reproducibility of modeling results.In this work, we describe a general approach to calibrating infectious disease models to surveillance data. …”
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Total shoulder arthroplasty in a patient with osteopetrosis: A case report by Ryan C. Rizk, MS, Elias Lugo-Fagundo, BS, Mohammad Yasrab, MD, Edmund M Weisberg, MS, MBE, Linda C. Chu, MD, John M. Gross, MD, Elliot K. Fishman, MD

“…When osteoarthritis results in significant pain and impairs function, surgical interventions such as total joint arthroplasty may be recommended, although these procedures come with a unique set of surgical and recovery-related hurdles. Due to its challenging preoperative diagnosis, radiological imaging plays a fundamental role in the detection of osteopetrosis, along with the evaluation of the extent of disease. …”
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Pathways to Progress: Unveiling Structural Change in Africa Through Economic Transformation, Technology, Talent, and Tourism by Hugo Pinto, Evans Odoi, Carla Nogueira, Luiz Fernando Câmara Viana

“…Driven by urbanization, technological innovation, and global trade, this shift offers opportunities for sustainable growth but faces challenges such as infrastructure gaps and institutional hurdles. This paper examines the dynamics of structural change in 54 African countries, focusing on the roles of technology, talent, and tourism. …”
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Advancing UAV Communications: A Comprehensive Survey of Cutting-Edge Machine Learning Techniques by Chenrui Sun, Gianluca Fontanesi, Berk Canberk, Amirhossein Mohajerzadeh, Symeon Chatzinotas, David Grace, Hamed Ahmadi

“…UAV have demonstrated considerable potential in addressing the evolving challenges of next-generation mobile networks, such as enhancing coverage and facilitating temporary hotspots but pose new hurdles including optimal positioning, trajectory optimization, and energy efficiency. …”
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Advances in RNA-Based Therapeutics: Challenges and Innovations in RNA Delivery Systems by Yuxuan Liu, Yaohui Ou, Linlin Hou

“…Notably, one of the most significant technical hurdles is achieving efficient and targeted RNA delivery while minimizing immune responses. …”
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Electrochemical Biosensors 3D Printed by Fused Deposition Modeling: Actualities, Trends, and Challenges by Luiz Ricardo Guterres Silva, Carlos Eduardo Costa Lopes, Auro Atsushi Tanaka, Luiza Maria Ferreira Dantas, Iranaldo Santos Silva, Jéssica Santos Stefano

“…Furthermore, the review addresses current trends, including the push towards miniaturization and multianalyte detection, alongside challenges such as material optimization and regulatory hurdles. By providing a comprehensive overview, this work underscores the transformative impact of 3D-printed electrochemical biosensors in clinical diagnostics while also identifying critical areas for future research and development.…”
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A spatial inventory of freshwater macroinvertebrate occurrences in the Guineo-Congolian biodiversity hotspot by Emmanuel O. Akindele, Abiodun M. Adedapo, Oluwaseun T. Akinpelu, Esther D. Kowobari, Oluwatosin C. Folorunso, Ibrahim R. Fagbohun, Tolulope A. Oladeji, Olanrewaju O. Aliu, Oluwatobiloba S. Adenola, Babasola W. Adu, Francis O. Arimoro, Sylvester S. Ogbogu, Sami Domisch

“…Aside from the underreporting and underestimation of freshwater ecosystems, the challenges regarding incorrect coordinates and taxonomical inaccuracies in freshwater species occurrence data pose another major hurdle that may hinder freshwater conservation efforts in the hotspot. …”
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Wireless Modular Implantable Neural Device with One‐touch Magnetic Assembly for Versatile Neuromodulation by Inho Kang, John Bilbily, Choong Yeon Kim, Chuanqian Shi, Manish K. Madasu, Eun Young Jeong, Kyle E. Parker, Do A Kwon, Bum‐Joon Jung, Jae‐Soon Yang, Juhyun Lee, Noah D.L. Kabbaj, Wonhee Lee, Jun‐Bo Yoon, Ream Al‐Hasani, Jianliang Xiao, Jordan G. McCall, Jae‐Woong Jeong

“…However, introducing multiple functionalities into a compact form factor for freely behaving animals presents substantial design hurdles that complicate the device or require more than one device. …”
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