Intracalvariosseous injection: an approach for central nervous system drug delivery through skull bone marrow with a preclinical research in strokeResearch in context by Wenqian Liu, Mo Yang, Nanxing Wang, Xiangrong Liu, Chaoyu Wang, Kaibin Shi, Fu-Dong Shi, Yuesong Pan, Mingjun Zhang, Zhiwei Sun, Yongjun Wang, Yilong Wang

“…Summary: Background: Central nervous system (CNS) accessibility constitutes a major hurdle for drug development to treat neurological diseases. …”
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Orchard-Wide Visual Perception and Autonomous Operation of Fruit Picking Robots: A Review by CHEN Mingyou, LUO Lufeng, LIU Wei, WEI Huiling, WANG Jinhai, LU Qinghua, LUO Shaoming

“…Significant progress has been made in developing foundational methods for picking robots, such as fruit recognition, orchard navigation, path planning for picking, and robotic arm control, the practical implementation of a seamless picking system that integrates sensing, movement, and picking capabilities still encounters substantial technical hurdles. In contrast to current picking systems, the next generation of fruit-picking robots aims to replicate the autonomous skills exhibited by human fruit pickers. …”
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Unveiling genetic basis of seedling emergence from deep soil depth under dry direct- seeded conditions in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by Vagish Mishra, Vagish Mishra, Shilpi Dixit, Shilpi Dixit, Swati Tyagi, Swati Tyagi, Challa Venkateswarlu, Challa Venkateswarlu, Pronob J. Paul, Pronob J. Paul, Anoop Kishor Singh Gurjar, Anoop Kishor Singh Gurjar, Shalabh Dixit, Nitika Sandhu, Smita Kurup, Arvind Kumar, Arvind Kumar, Pallavi Sinha, Pallavi Sinha, Vikas Kumar Singh, Vikas Kumar Singh, Uma Maheshwar Singh, Uma Maheshwar Singh

“…However, variable planting depth in undulated field leading to deep/shallow sowing of rice seeds during mechanical sowing presents a major hurdle, as existing varieties lack tolerance to deep sowing. …”
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Microbial metabolites and immune modulation by Hassan Ghasemi

“…Additionally, translational hurdles -such as ensuring the stability, bioavailability, and targeted delivery of microbial metabolites- must be overcome to realize their full clinical potential.14 Microbial metabolites are central to immune modulation, bridging the intricate relationship between host and microbiota. …”
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Designing a Forecasting Model and Evaluating the Strategic Cooperation between the Banking System and Fintech Startups using the Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) by Arash Onsori, Abbas Khamseh, Taghi Torabi, Hamid Reza Yazdani

“…In this endeavor, six pivotal dimensions, embracing collaboration incentives, influential factors, diverse cooperation levels, external organizational elements, hurdles, and resultant outcomes, constitute the ANFIS inputs. …”
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